翻译中的中西方文化差异现象刍论

中西方文化差异是造成语言交流障碍的重要原因之一,而翻译是语言交流的桥梁。在翻译实践中,分析、比较并深入理解中西方文化的差异对于成功实现语言的交流和文化的沟通具有重要意义。     

丝绸之路中阳性审美范式对中国壮美艺术空间的扩展与延伸

丝绸之路作为沟通中西方文化的重要纽带,在以汉文化为核心的东方文明向外传播的同时,也使西方文化得以向东传播,对传统汉文化的存在产生影响.丝绸之路承载的文化传播和交流不断作用于两种异质文化的各个方面,使两种文化在碰撞中走向统一,丝绸之路因此也成为文化融合的重要阵地.具体到艺术领域,这种文化的对立统一集中表现为西方特有的阳性审美范式对中国既有壮美艺术空间的改造.阳性审美与壮美的艺术形态之间存在着一定程度的相似性,丝绸之路进一步加强了二者的相似关联.从汉文化的角度出发,阳性审美与壮美在频繁互动中成为传统壮美艺术空间的有效补充.汉文化通过丝绸之路引进了阳性审美范式,阳性审美范式也因为丝绸之路而走进汉文化的壮美艺术空间.中国壮美艺术空间在丝绸之路阳性审美范式的作用下完成了自身的扩展和延伸,体现出了更强的包容性,以更加开放的整体面貌完善并提高了自我.     

谈文化翻译的误区及解决措施

当前我国文化逆差的成因固然受制于政治、经济等多重因素,作为文化传播的主要载体和重要手段,翻译不仅是两种语言之间的语码转换,更是跨越文明鸿沟、实现异质文化转换、更新本土文化的再创造。然而,作为中国文化走向世界的倚仗,我国的翻译业未能有效担负起抗衡西方国家语言霸权和占领传媒话语权的历史使命,制约了中国文化的输出。     

中西方文化差异及语言体现

由于中西方的地理环境,历史传统和经济基础的不同,中西方文化存在很大的差异。语言是文化的体现,中西方文化的不同必然导致汉语和英语在诸多方面都存在差异。了解中西方文化的差异,对于更好地学习英语具有很重要的意义。     

民族打击乐与爵士鼓的融合分析

近年来,随着中国经济的快速发展和经济全球化的形成,文化、艺术等信息的传播使中西方打击乐的交流日益密切,由此看来,中西方打击乐的融合与发展成为时代发展的必然趋势。基于此,本文就民族打击乐与现代爵士鼓的融合进行简要分析。     

On the Translation of English Film Subtitle

随着经济的发展和全球化的深入,中西方文化交流的方式日趋多样化,凭借着能反映西方国家语言与文化的特点,英文电影成为国人了解西方国家的一个窗口和文化载体。电影翻译的研究拉近了两种文化间的距离,有助于更好地体现两种语言的特点和差异,从而激起人们对电影事业的兴趣和关注。〈br〉 本文从结构上总共分为三部分。第一部分为引言,介绍了电影和字幕的重要性。第二部分是主体部分,分析了论文的主导策略---归化与异化,以及在字幕翻译实践中,具体翻译方法的选择。第三部分为结论部分,总结并对未来进行字幕翻译实践的建议。     

《申报》与西方诉讼文化的传播(1872年-1882年)

<申报>是近代中国历史上最重要的报刊传媒之一,素有"近代中国百科全书"之称,内容丰富,包含大量的西方法治新闻,创刊十年里对西方诉讼文化作了介绍和传播,以西法为参照,驳斥刑讯逼供制度,主张公开、限时审判,建议学习西方律师制度,推动了西方先进法治文化在中国的传播.     

英国剑桥大学康河计划 保护即将消失的世界

<正>英国剑桥大学"康河计划——保护即将消失的世界"启动于1983年,致力于社会人类学、历史学和文化遗产研究的创新与沟通。它的主要任务是收集和保存即将消失的世界的信息,通过展示、研究与教学,传播不同社会与文化的知识。它通过互联网络渠道,让亚洲和西方文化有更广泛的可应用性材料的留存、传播与交流。自1983年以来,康河计划活跃于剑桥大学     

从杂合理论看《围城》中文化负载词的英译

在全球化背景下,中西文化交流日趋频繁,许多中国作品被翻译成英文传播到西方。这些作品中含有大量体现中国传统文化特色的词语———文化负载词,能否准确地传达这些词的含义成为了中西文化交流的关键之一。本文以凯利和茅国权两位合译者的《围城》英译本为例分析杂合的翻译策略在文化负载词翻译中的巧妙运用。     

汉语“博物馆”、“博物院”的产生及使用——以19世纪外汉字典、中文报刊为中心

museum是西方近代文化的代表,近代博物馆知识、理念和思想传入中国面临的第一个问题就是狭隘意义上的翻译问题,而通过考察museum一词在19世纪的翻译及使用情况,可以从一个侧面窥见博物馆知识早期传播的景象。在museum及其对应西方词汇的翻译过程中,中西方人士均参与其中,基督教新教传教士、天主教传教士、林则徐及其翻译班子等都是其间最重要的推动力量。通过对19世纪外汉字典的研究发现,至1844年,museum一词后来被广泛采用的"博物馆"、"博物院"两种汉语译名均已出现,但在这一时期的中文报刊中,"博物院"一词的使用频率要远远高于"博物馆"。同时,将museum翻译为"博物院"的译法也逐渐被晚清时期的中国士人广泛采用。由此,museum这一西方文化的舶来品完成了其本土化的第一步。     

Climate and energy security policies and measures: synergies and conflicts

Concerns about climate and energy security are leading to increased government intervention in the energy sector, in particular as they relate to the choice of energy supply options. While many of these options will improve both energy and climate security, many measures will benefit one while harming the other. This raises an important question for governments and energy planners: how can conflicts between climate and energy security be resolved? This article outlines some of the barriers and problems that may arise as governments and companies try to address climate and energy security concerns simultaneously in various energy supply areas. It concludes by arguing against choosing one objective over the other, and by outlining steps that can be taken to help resolve conflicts between the two agendas.     

我和我的兄弟姐妹

1938年．我出生在金沙江畔一个叫巴塘的小县城里。生在哪一天．至今不知道．因此．六十多年过去了．我从来也没有过过生日。     

Challenger and Chernobyl Lessons and Reflections

Abstract

It is argued that Psychological research on 'race' and 'ethnicity' issues presents a number of ethical problems. These relate to the sociopolitical impact of such research, particularly when it purports to find differences of an 'innate' character; to the use of naive subjects, particularly children, in research which is aimed at demonstrating their 'inferiority'; and, within the academic community itself, to the working relationships between researchers who believe in 'innate' 'race' differences and colleagues belonging to allegedly 'inferior' groups – this being particularly significant within a teaching environment. Although the 'race differences' question has a long and controversial history, ethical issues relating to the research process itself have received less focused attention. Moreover, replacement of the genetically obsolete concept of 'race' with the idea of 'ethnicity' does not solve the problem entirely, and the term 'ethnicity' is itself unsatisfactory in several respects.     

Power and Ethnicity History and Anthropology

This essay reflects on the relationship between anthropological and historical scholarship of ethnicity, picking up on themes explored by Andre Gingrich, by considering the epistemological and evidentiary limitations of social scientific and historical analysis and reconstruction. Beginning with the consideration of the pioneering transdisciplinary efforts of Robert Darnton and Clifford Geertz, it argues that many of the weaknesses ascribed to such efforts are actually part of the nature of social scientific investigation which, in the terms of Peter Winch, must take into account two sets of relationships: that of the relationship between the scientist and the phenomena that he or she observes and the symbolic system that he or she shares with other scientists, which can only be understood from the social context of common activity. How these two relationships challenge social scientific analysis of ethnicity are examined through a consideration of the difficulties of applying Anthony Smith's definition of an ethnie to either Fredrik Barth's classic essay on “Pathan Identity and its Maintenance” or Helmut Reimitz's study of Frankish identity. It concludes that neither anthropologists nor historians are simply describing societies as they are or as they were but rather attempt to describe societies as witnesses within them thought they should be, and we do this for our own society, not for those of the participants, past or present.     

Of Demons and Angels and Historical Humans: Some Events and Questions in Translation and Post-colonial Theory

In what follows, I attempt to show that a look at some curious examples of translations from European texts makes us think about issues in translation theory and post-colonial theory from a slightly different angle. The metaphor of translation can very well be employed for understanding the relation between European texts, and some texts and some social and political practices in India in the colonial period, and this in turn helps us look critically at what I shall call our fuzzy post-colonialism. I also argue that Walter Benjamin's metaphor of translation as the after-life of a work can be extended to posit two basic modes of after-life.     

后伊拉克时代与中国的内政外交--普遍主义与单边主义的冲突

"9·11"事件后,冷战后的国际政治格局发生了重大变化.其最大特征可以概括为以下两点:第一,确立了以唯一超级大国--美国为核心的以反恐为普遍主义的全球性安全阵线;第二,美国的爱国主义、民族主义戏剧性地高涨起来.就像当时有人强调因为全世界有60多个国家的人在世界贸易中心工作,所以对世贸中心的攻击就是对全世界的攻击那样,在美国国民中普遍存在着这样的观点:因为美国社会自身就是世界的缩影,所以星条旗也可被看作是超越一国国界的全人类的普遍象征.