汤国造纸

Tang Guo has dedicated to the paper art for more than ten years, which can be called a kind of behavior art. Meaning out of the paper, he not only takes it as a job, but also pursues the ancient style. His works can be classified to several aspects and each one is bold and unconstrained     

文学与翻译

<正>Generally, literary styles are used widely, such as novels, prose, poems, and plays. They have common characters: abundant words, lively language, variant syntax and different style. Literature is the art that uses language as a medium. Literature is a performance in words. It is the work of men who are especially sensitive to the language of their time and who use the skill of language to make permanent their vision of life. It’s very important and very difficult to retain the style of the original works while translating.     

Lady Avengers in Jin He＇s （1818-1885） Narrative Verse of Female Knight-Errantry

Jin He 金和 (1818–1885), a pioneering poet of mid-nineteenth century China, wrote in a colloquial style strongly influenced by the ballad tradition. Jin’s style was prose-like and broke all the structural limitations of earlier poetry in order to create formal innovations, while at the same time experimenting with new subject matter. Liang Qichao 梁啟超 (1873–1929) and Hu Shi 胡適 (1891–1962) considered Jin He and Huang Zunxian 黃遵憲 (1848–1905) to be the major poets of the nineteenth century. Jin had a major impact both on other late nineteenth-century poets and on the “Poetic Revolution” that led to the rise of modern Chinese literature. However, his verse has been largely ignored ever since. Among the most striking contributions Jin made to the literary transition in the nineteenth century was his innovation in presenting the female knight-errant 女俠 (nüxia). This invented image of the female knight-errant reflected a new tradition of women’s voices in the literary works of his time, and had a great impact on the representation of swordswomen in modern literature. This paper examines how the image of nüxia in Jin’s writing is distinct from those found in past poetry, how the female knight-errant in Jin’s works inverts conventional gender norms, and how Jin’s female knight-errant image is both connected with and distinct from those in other literary forms.     

Abstracts

A New Study on Chronology of Lu Zhi＇s Life and His Poetry Works
This article is a comprehensive and systematic summary of Lu Zhi＇ slife based on the research conducted in the last thirty years. Each unit is chronologically arranged from his early life and each assignment of his official position. His articles and poems ale also compiled chronologically to conduct a concrete and in depti~ research according to the historical background, language usage, time, and location. In addition to the research achievement of the previous scholars, the author has added some newly discovered documents and works and provided some unique interpretation on Lu Zhi＇ slife and his literature works.     

TIBETAN TREASURES REBUILD THE MEMORY OF ANCIENT TIBETAN SHANGSHUNG CIVILIZATION

正Ngari Prefecture of Tibet,the so-called"Roof of the World",where the mountains and waters originate,is known for bringing out the ancient secret Shangshung civilization."Shangshung"is a word from the ancient Shangshung language."Shang"is the name of an ancient tribe,and"Shung"stands for"place"or"valley".According to historical records,the Kingdom of Shangshung came into being as early as     

The Analysis of Lin Yutang’s Humor

Lin Yutang is called the master humorist in China.He advocates humor and spiritual literature in his magazine Lun Yu(Analects)which attracts essays and readership.His informal but polished style in both Chinese and English makes him one of the most influential writers of his generation,and his compilations and translations of classic Chinese texts into English are bestsellers in the West.Humor is a distinctive feature in his works.In his book,he uses humor as he sees appropriate,and through humor he criticizes social realities,depicts characters and introduces original expressions,etc.His humor can be related to some aspects in his life.In this paper,I will briefly analysis Lin’s sense of humor and how Lin’applies humor in his works.     

EDA MENPA'S MAJOR SHIFT

正The mountains with their snowy blankets are covered by the setting sun's long shadows,giving the peaks an utterly majestic quality.The sprinkling of white clouds seem close enough for people to just reach out and grab them and hover both in the sky as well as within the hearts of anyone who witnesses their beautiful splendor.Then there is a single winding road like the tail of a long dragon extending directly to the end of the horizon.The     

Uspensky,Vladimir L., Tibetskiy Buddizm v Pekine （Tibetan Buddhism in Beijing）

The new book by Vladimir Uspensky （alternatively, Uspenskiy）, Professor and Chair of the Department of Mongolian and Tibetan Studies, Faculty of Asian and African Studies of Saint Petersburg State University （Russia）, deals with various aspects in the history of Tibetan Buddhism in Beijing; the time is mainly the period from the middle seventeenth to the early twentieth century. During the reign of the Qing dynasty, the ruling class, namely Manchu and Mongolian nobility, patronized Tibetan Buddhism. This aspect of Qing history is studied too little in Chinese and foreign works, and Uspensky＇s book fills this lacuna. One can see that the author successfully achieved his aim, as he has drawn a vivid picture of institutions and cultural activity among Tibetan Buddhists in Beijing.     

New Books

The Annotation of Tubo History, the Old and New Tang Book The author Luo Guangwu is born in 1048 and his important works are General Local History of Tibet, The Concise Local History of Tibet, and Seven Years in Tibet. In the twenty-four historical books composed by different dynasties in ancient China, there are two books on Tang＇s history, both of which were worked out by the official government, i.e.     

Institutional Transplantation: The Chinese Lawyers in Republican Shanghai,1912-1937

Sun Huei-min's book is the latest among a number of scholarly works on the role of the legal profession in Republican China.While some of the issues addressed in this book were covered in those other works,the author has provided more details and introduced new issues,partly through primary sources that were not taken up earlier.Alison Connor's works ("Legal Education during the Republican Period:Soochow University Law School," Republican China 19,no.1 (1993):84-112;"Lawyers and the Legal Profession During the Republican Period," in Kathryn Bernhardt and Philip Huang,eds.,Civil Law in Qing and Republican China.Stanford:Stanford University Press,1994),for instance,did not use the Shanghai Bar Association (SBA)'s annual reports,while Xiaoqun Xu's works ("The Fate of Judicial Independence in Republican China,1912-1937," China Quarterly,no.149 (1997):1-28;Chinese Professionals and the Republican State:The Rise of Professional Associations in Shanghai,1912-1937,New York:Cambridge University Press,2001) did use the SBA's annual reports but not the SBA's archives.     

Power of Religion in Rural Areas and Its Public Service （I）——An Analysis of Cases in Five Villages

In the study of socio-economic development in Tibet, one tends to stress the role of non-economic elements, especially the role of humans and social background.Of these, the role of religious culture is regarded as the most important. However, there are basically two approaches to the issue: First of all, although religion exerts a varied role on economic growth, legal construction, public welfare and ethics, one tends to each only a general judgment. Secondly, study of the role played by religion focused on the religious doctrines held by monks, and monks themselves. Although many point out the fact that religious power over people varies, it roots in the rural areas and among the folk at large is still neglected.Hence, there is the need to study individual cases.     

A Colorful Life

As we publish this issue, it is in early summer in Beijing. Whenever I walk out of my office close to the chief avenue, Chang'an, I get lost in green trees and blossoming flowers.Chang'an Avenue is the most bustling street in the city. While cars speed along it toward their own destinations, Tian'anmen Square, east of my office building, is a different scene: while the old     

The Role of Dreams in Guru Chos dbang's Autobiography: Notes on Dreams in Two Volumes of Guru Chos dbang's Writings

According to the relevant historical documents,Guru Chos dbang is a controversial figure.He is considered one of the five prominent gTer-ston (treasure discoverers) in several chronicles of Nyingma tradition,however,Bu ston Rin chen grub claims in his comments on mantra practice in Tibet that Guru Chos dbang offered perverted teachings and fabricated false treasures.This is a topic of extreme interesting to many researchers,and there are several of works of English scholarship including Janet Gyatso's work on Guru Chos dbang's autobiography analyzing its narrative methods.There is still more remaining to figure out.     

成才之途在自学——有感于徐湖平与他的艺术

Trains a talented person at the practice,although Mr.Xu Huping,Nanjing museum director did not accept the special subject training, yet come out cifficient and ablely, and it is a little not dull, sprinkle smoothly truly, the feeling that the lifting of the head was wholly obtain. Reading aloud the level wash painting of lake, feeling that his power of understanding is good. the natural gift are high. He to take a photograph also is such in this way, not merely being for the tableau is good, still more for I sense our beauty appreciation concept exceedingly was similar with the means finding a view.     

明王yu等兰陵倡和诗卷考述

“Lanling Duet Poems“was orginated from Wang and his poetic works.Wang was a native of Wujin ,Jiangsu Province,in the Ming Dynasty.He once servced as a sacrificial ceremony supervisor at the Nanjing Imperial College and Minister of Revenue of Nanjing . He was a knowledgeable official,with many famous works to his credit.The “duet Poems of Wnag and Et Al“is among the works by Wang and his friends .As little was left of his writings .this book is of great value.     

陕西史前玉器的发现与初步研究

Based on an overall view of findings of prehistoric jades in Shaanxi ,the author puts out an understanding that the development of prehistoric jades industry in Shaanxi had experienced 3 different stages:first is the origination period,equal to Laoguantai Culture (7000 BP. );second is the initial development,lasting from 6800 to 4500 BP. , equal to Yangshao Culture and early Longshan Culture;third,equal to later Longshan,lasting from 4500 to 4000 BP., is the maximum period.     

TRAGIC BEAUTY OF NGARI

Northern Tibet is a beautiful land and this is the common knowledge for all who have the chance to visit it.Ngari, however, is a different case. Traveling some 2,000 km to the holy mountain of Gangdese and the holy lake of Mampan Yumco, passing through the     

清代乾隆朝雕漆

The works of carved lacquerware of Qianlong's reign of the Qing Dynasty have very high value of art. This paper introduces some worksof carved lacquerware of Qianlong's reign collected in the Palace Museum. They afford us object materials for understanding and researchingthe style of carved lacquerware of this period.     

Huang,Shih-shan Susan,Picturing the True Form. Daoist Visual Culture in Traditional China

Susan Huang＇s Picturing the True Form： Daoist Visual Culture in Traditional China is an important addition to the current bibliography of Daoist studies. The book is a scholarly investigation into the formulation of the rich visual vocabulary and diverse formats used to express the complex and manifold corpus of Daoist beliefs and practices. Prominent among these is the challenge of finding the means to pictorially convey the ever-changing true form, or zhenxing,