Recent Relevant Literature

David Stanley, Prisoners Among Us: The Problem of Parole
Ted Robert Gurr, Peter N. Grabosky and Richard C. Hula, The Politics of Crime and Conflict: A Comparative History of Four Cities     

Recent Relevant Literature

Chester W. Hartman, Housing and Social Policy
Kenneth Friedman, Public Policy and the Smoking-Health Controversy
Ridley, Charles P., China's Scientific Policies
Chen, Pi-chao, Population and Health Policy in the People's Republic of China     

Recent Books in the Field of Medieval Literature

The main objective of this article is to analyze the relationship between the novísimos poets—Pedro Gimferrer, Luis Antonio de Villena, Leopoldo María Panero, and Guillermo Carnero, among others—and the avant-garde movements in Spain. If during the forties the garcilasismo opposed the avant-garde, in the seventies, with the novísimos, the -ismos returned to be considered not as a radical change but as one more stage in the evolution of Spanish poetry. The -ismos are now considered not as a subversive departure from the past, but as part of Spanish artistic heritage and tradition, thus reconciling tradition and modernity or even converting the vanguard into literary tradition. The -ismos are described not as an absolute novelty but simply as a process of innovation in the same way, with their own poetic precedents, as the garcilasistas and the neoromantics of the past.     

Recent Books in the Field of Mediaeval Literature

In the Cantigas de Santa María, King Alfonso X unveils an intricate cultural, political, and economic system that defines the relationship between Christian society and religious minorities. This article illustrates that the Cantigas must be understood as an ideological instrument of cultural codification that reaffirms the established Christian social order in relation to three principal groups: heretics, Jews, and Muslims.     

Some Significant Recent Books in the Field of Mediaeval Literature

Although much has been written about André Breton’s concept of the Surrealist image, the present article examines a number of aspects that have so far escaped notice. In particular, it examines several antecedents of Pierre Reverdy’s theory of the image and compares the latter to that developed in the Manifeste du surréalisme. A close reading of the manifesto reveals the presence of a previously unknown model used by Breton in formulating his theory.     

Recent Books in the Field of German Language and Literature

Ernst Beutler, ed. Briefe aus dem Elternhaus. Zürich / Stuttgart, Artemis, Verlag, 1959. Pp. 800. DM 27.80.

Max Brod. Verzweiflung und Erlösung im Werk Franz Kafkas. Frankfurt, S. Fischer, 1959. Pp. 88. DM 5. 80.

Franz Dornseiff. Der deutsche Wortschatz nach Sachgruppen. 5th edition. Berlin, Walter de Gruyter &; Co., 1959. Pp. 1088. DM 38. 00.

Norbert Fürst. Grillparzer auf der Bühne. Wien / Müchen, Manutiuspresse, 1958. Pp. 267.

Ernst Grumach (ed. ). Beiträge zur Goetheforschung. Berlin, Akademie-Verlag, 1959. Pp. 289. DM 32.

Richard Hamann und Jost Hermand. Naturalismus (Deutsche Kunst und Kultur von der Gründerzeit bis zum Expressionismus, Bd. II). Berlin, Akademic - Verlag, 1959. Pp. 336. DM 24.

Rudolf Hemmerle. Franz Kafka: Eine Bibliographie. MUnchen, Robert Lerche Verlag, 1958. Pp. 138. DM 9.

Walter Hinck. Die Dramaturgie des späiten Brecht (Palaestra, Bd. 229). Göttingen, Vandenhoeck &; Ruprecht, 1959. Pp. 172. DM 18.

Ernst Jünger. Jahre der Okkupation. Stuttgart, Ernst Klett Verlag, 1958. Pp. 310. DM 17. 80.

Hermann Kunisch. Eckhart-Tauler-Seuse. Ein Textbuch aus der altdeutschen Mystik. Hamburg, Rowohlt, 1958. Pp. 152. DM 2. 20.

Nikolaus Lenau. Sämtliche Werke-Briefe. Edited by Hermann Engelhard. Stuttgart, Cotta, 1959. Pp. 1152. DM 28.

Otto Mann. Poetik der Tragödie. Bern, Francke, 1958. Pp. 344. S. Fr. 39.50.

Walter Muschg. Die Zerstörung der deutschen Literatur. 3rd ed. Bern, Francke, 1958. Pp. 347. S. Fr. 18. 50.

Urban Roedl. Adalbert Stifter. Geschichte seines Lebens. Bern, Francke, 1958. Pp. 400. S. Fr. 23. 50.

Franz Anselm Schmitt. Stoff- und Motivgeschichte der deutschen Literatur. Berlin, Walter de Gruyter &; Co., 1959. Pp. 226.

Karl ViZtor. Deutsches Dichten und Denken von der Aufklärung bis zum Realismus. 3rd ed. Berlin, Walter de Gruyter &; Co., 1958. (Sammlung Gbchen, B. 1096). Pp. 159. DM 3. 60.

Klaus Wagenbach. Franz Kafka. Eine Biographie seiner Jugend. Bern, Francke, 1958. Pp. 345.

Hans-Heinrich Wängler. Atlas deutscher Sprachlaute. Berlin, Akademie-Verlag, 1958. Pp. 40. Pp. 40. DM 29.

Franz Werfel. Die Dramen. (2 vols.). Frankfurt, S. Fischer, 1959. Pp. 1080. DM 48.     

Recent Work on Nordic Neo-Latin Literature (1997-2000)

Ancient Nubia—alias the Kingdom of Kush alias Aithiopia alias the Napatan and Meroitic empires—though as a Randgebiet in constant interchange, through Egypt, with the Mediterranean world, is still largely neglected by‐students of Ancient History. This need not be so; the present review article discusses six new books on Nubian civilization in antiquity and argues that ‘ the deficient integration of archaeological and textual evidence that has marred much of the modern interpretation of Nubian history is now beginning to be replaced by fruitful interdisciplinarity.     

敦煌佛教文学与边塞文学

本主要论述了敦煌佛教学与边塞学之间的关联：(一)敦煌佛教应用类中,有不少作品带有边塞特质;(二)敦煌僧人积极参与敦煌政务,使许多与这些僧人有关的作品兼具佛教和边塞色彩;(三)一些世俗的佛教信徒所作的佛事斋,更容易与敦煌边塞的军事、政治情况挂起钩来。最后,本从四个方面对敦煌边塞学与佛教学相关联的原因作出小结。     

佛山商团与商团事变

佛山商团的成立,既是佛山自治、自卫传统的延续,也有当时社会秩序混乱的现实原因。初期它以“捕匪安良”为宗旨。1923年孙中山回广州重建大元帅大本营后,滇军驻扎佛山,对地方滋扰极大,佛山商人痛恨滇军。孙中山实行“联俄、联共、扶助农工”的三大政策,佛山工农运动兴起,也引起了佛山商人的不安。这两个原因加上当时把持佛山商团的陈恭受个人因素,佛山商团在商人的支持下迅速发展,并且逐步走上了与孙中山领导的革命政府相对抗的道路。1924年8月至10月发生了广州商团事变,佛山商团是这次事变的主要参与者之一,广东全省商团联团总部还一度迁到佛山。佛山商人首先进行罢市,但在政府大军压境的情况下,佛山商人很快选择了服从。当广州商团与政府军事冲突时,佛山商团自知不是政府的对手,没有参与。商团事变后,佛山商团即自行瓦解。     

考古学的定位和有关问题

考古学是一门独立的科学,往往被历史学、人类学或古器物学所包括。事实上它以田野工作为基础,以遗迹、遗物的实证为前提,其方法论是其它学科所无法代替的。