南京粤军阵亡将士墓

坐落在风景秀丽的南京莫愁湖南岸的粤军阵亡将士墓,是辛亥革命的重要史迹。现为江苏省文物保护单位。 1911年10月10日武昌起义胜利,清廷立即调动军队并起用袁世凯进行反扑。继汉口、汉阳失守之后,武昌危在旦夕,黎元洪通电各省求援。富有革命传统的广东革命派由胡汉民、姚雨平发起,组建了以姚雨平为总司令的广东北伐     

历史当事人的记述与历史真实——新见《剿共随军日记》释读

<剿共随军日记>是一本历史当事人的记述.它虽有强烈的"反共"宣传性,但也记录了国共两党、两军不少"历史真实",如"剿共"粤军与国民党"中央军"的矛盾关系、共产党和红军的组织与军纪优于国民党和"剿共"粤军、"剿共"各军的宣传工作不如红军、"剿共"粤军的募夫制弊端丛生,等等.对待历史当事人的记述,应依据其记述历史的立场、动机和方法,采取冷静、清醒、理性的科学分析态度.     

李宗仁驻兵玉林轶闻

二度驻兵入城前的一场历险1921年初,李宗仁领着在广东与粤军交战失败退回的残部1000多人在兴业县的六万山屯兵,隐伏伺机。半年之后,局势发生变化,粤军总司令陈炯明率军打败了桂军陆荣廷,驻军坐镇南     

陈炯明炮轰总统府的原貌

国民党正史中,有一桩被称之为“六·一六”的事件,它指的就是赫赫有名的陈炯明炮轰孙中山总统府一书。1922年6月16日,粤军总司令陈炯明命令驻广州的粤军围攻孙中山的总统府,并以大炮进行轰击。孙中山。扛先得到消息,登上永丰舰,率海军讨逆,并电令北伐军同师靖乱。粤军炮轰总统府,成为陈炯明叛变革命的凿凿铁证,写入中国历史。     

何香凝怒斥陈炯明

1922年6月14日,广州的粤军总司令陈炯明用计扣押了时任军政府财政部长的廖仲恺,拘禁在石井兵工厂。在廖仲恺被囚两个月后的一天,其夫人何香凝在日本留学时的同学龙荣轩突然来看她。龙荣轩向何香凝透露:明天陈炯明在白云山开会,粤军高级     

何香凝怒斥陈炯明

1922年6月14日,广州的粤军总司令陈炯明用计扣押了时任军政府财政部长的廖仲恺,拘禁在石井兵工厂。在廖仲恺被囚两个月后的一天,其夫人何香凝在日本留学时的同学龙荣轩突然来看她。龙荣轩向何香凝透露：明天陈炯明在白云山开会,粤军高级军官都将出席会议。何香凝看到机会来了,果断地说：“好,你一定也把我带进白云山。”     

读者之音

许远航(山东读者):贵刊2021年1期《鲁迅与一·二八事变》一文提到,事变爆发时,在上海驻守的中国军队为十九路军.可否对十九路军这支抗日劲旅的战史及主要将领作一介绍? 本刊编辑部:经查阅相关资料得知,十九路军前身是粤军第一师,系粤军精华,首任师长为邓铿(支持孙中山,后遇刺身亡),李济深、邓演达、叶挺、陈铭枢、陈济棠、蒋...     

英国国家海事博物馆藏“粤军第一师师长李”军旗考略

英国国家海事博物馆藏有一面写有“粤军第一师师长李(即李济深)”蓝底方形旗,据说是英国皇家海军1926年从广东海盗汽艇上截获中国第二历史档案馆和英国国家档案馆馆藏的档案中,藏有一桩1924至1925年间发生在广东水域的轮船被劫案件档案资料,该案件涉及粤军第一师军旗。通过梳理案情的来龙去脉,可以为英国国家海事博物馆藏旗帜的来源及真伪提供更丰富的历史信息。     

“军民合作”下国民党在广东的民众武装工作——以广东民众抗日自卫团为例

全面抗战爆发后,粤军大部北调,广东兵力空虚。为应对迫在眉睫的日军入侵威胁,国民党广东当局冀望于发动全民抗战,组建广东民众抗日自卫团以协助粤军抗敌。广东当局在"军民合作"体制下对自卫团实行严格且颇具特色的军事训练,自卫团在对日作战中有效弥补了粤军不足,阻滞了日军攻势。华南战场转入相持阶段后,随着形势的转变,加之国民党民众武装动员机制存在固有缺失,自卫团渐趋蜕化,或被中共争取,或被日伪拉拢,引起广东当局戒备和防范,大批自卫团被缩编或改编为游击部队。至此广东当局尴尬地意识到,国民党固能组建规模庞大的民众武装,但组建之后却不能对其有效管控。此后直至抗战胜利,广东当局再也无意大规模武装动员民众,只依靠军队作战的片面抗战路线最终形成。     

三国吴朱然及其家族墓保护工程概述

本文介绍了朱然家族墓地的概况以及地质、土壤、墓体状况,分析了保护中需要解决的主要问题。通过对朱然墓及其家族墓的墓体保护,防止了墓体中墓道、墓壁和穹隆顶的开裂和塌陷。     

试论安史乱军的民族构成及其民族关系

安史乱军的民族构成比较复杂,既有安禄山那样的混血儿,又有一大批少数民族将士,也有高丽残部及扶余、新罗人,还有许多汉族官和将士,但从多方面加以考察,安禄山、史思明所重用的以及在安史乱军中起主要作用的多为汉族人;唐代的河朔地区既有胡化趋向,也有汉化保持和提高的趋向;安史乱军中的民族关系比较缓和,少数民族和汉族将士在化、心理素质等方面渐趋一致,少数民族和汉族将士在许多方面能够积极配合。这些是唐中央平叛工作进展缓慢以及安史之乱持续8年之久的重要原因之一。     

两汉边防兵制若干问题之比较——以西、北地区为中心

两汉边防兵制,尤以西、北地区最为典型.我们在边防武装力量构成、边防集兵方式、边防养兵费用及其筹措等方面,探讨两汉边防力量的差异、兵役制度的变化以及养兵与社会经济的关系等诸方面问题.     

The Consolation of Soldiers: religious life in the Swedish army during the Great Northern War

It is commonly acknowledged that an elaborated military pastoral care provided a significant contribution to the efficiency of the Swedish army during the Great Northern War (1700–1721). Usually battle preparations and the chaplains’ efforts to instil morale and discipline among the soldiers are emphasized. In this article my aim is to provide a somewhat different idea on the nature of the religious life in the army of Charles XII. By focusing in turn on the chaplains’ duties, the military sermons, the hymns sung in the army and the soldiers’ reading of prayer books, I point at the similarities between military and civilian religious life in early 18th-century Sweden.     

亚述帝国的“拉科苏”士兵探析

亚述帝国的"拉科苏"(raksu)士兵是宦官长麾下国王卫队的精锐。尽管"拉科苏"士兵主要由被征服地区的人员组成,但是他们享受免赋役的特权。公元前9世纪末和公元前8世纪初,实力雄厚的亚述高官企图挑战国王的权威,国王依靠宦官长及其统帅的国王卫队保住了王位。国王论功行赏,擢升宦官长,豁免其麾下忠勇士兵的赋役,"拉科苏"士兵于是应运而生。随着大量俘虏的收编,国王卫队的规模不断扩大,进而发展成为亚述帝国的常备军,并在对外扩张中大显身手。国王奖赏常备军表现卓异的士兵,"拉科苏"士兵不时出现。亚述帝国末期,实力膨胀的宦官长觊觎王位,国王的近卫军可能是其谋逆的帮凶,"拉科苏"士兵或卷入其中。"拉科苏"士兵的出现及其功能的异化与亚述政局的变化密切相关。     

论军队在率亥革命中的作用及影响

辛亥革命在中国近代史上具有光彩夺目的一页,军队在其中所扮演的精彩角色,是清代以来所未曾有的。对于军队在辛亥革命中的地位和作用问题,长期以来史学界并没有充分的认识,评价也明显过低。本文认为,军队在辛亥革命中发挥了主力军的作用,革命的主力军不是别的什么群体,而是军人,包括新军、民军、巡防队、警察和学生等,这些问题直接影响到学术界对于辛亥革命性质的探讨;而革命发生后军权势力的扩张又严重影响着近代中国社会的发展,对于这些问题的讨论有利于探清辛亥革命的一些重大问题。     

'It's a Man's Life!': Soldiers,masculinity and the countryside

This article explores the relationships between soldiers, masculinity and the countryside. It draws on a variety of published materials ranging from army recruitment literature to military autobiography. It is located primarily in conceptual frameworks suggested by feminist and rural studies literatures. Following a brief discussion of the historical contribution of the military to ideas of rurality, the relationships between soldiers, masculinity and the countryside are explored. First, the ways in which the army constructs a particular view of the countryside are discussed. This view accords the army rights of control over space, dictates a particular way of seeing rural space, and develops a quasi-environmentalist interpretation of the impact of army activity on the landscape. Second, it is suggested that this conceptualisation of the countryside contributes specifically to the construction of particular (hegemonic) notions of masculinity. The ideas of adventure and danger are particularly important in this respect. Third, the role of the body of the soldier in this process is examined. The construction of a specific gendered identity through a process of transformation from civilian to soldier is discussed. The article concludes by suggesting how the body of the soldier is used to signify particular senses of place.     

范鸿仙与铁血军

南京临时政府成立后,为配合孙中山北伐,范鸿仙组建了铁血军。铁血军共有四个支队万余人,而且都是训练有素、不拿俸薪的革命志士。未几,南北和议告成,孙中山被迫辞职,范鸿仙即取消铁血军番号,所部分别拨归陆军部和安徽都督府。铁血军虽然只维持了月余,却体现了孙中山的革命意图,维护了南京临时政府的安全,也为革命党人训练了一支武装队伍,在以后的二次革命中发挥了积极作用。     

Drawing (on) women’s military experiences and narratives – Israeli women soldiers’ challenges in the military environment

This article utilizes arts-based methods as a feminist methodology for understanding women’s experiences in military service, according to theories of feminist security studies. It explores how non-combatant women in the army retrospectively narrate stressful situations that happened during their military service. Using arts-based methods, we examine how they derive meaning from their experiences in a masculine, military environment, affected by ongoing conflict. This article analyzes twenty images drawn by Israeli women who served in the army in the previous 2–4 years. The women drew a stressful event from their military service, explained the image, and elaborated on how they coped with the situation. A content analysis of the pictures and the narratives produced three themes: the responsibility for others in life threatening situations, the military as a first professional work experience and the interaction between military and gender hierarchies. In general, women soldiers experienced the army as complex as they encountered their first adult work space in which they learned responsibility and skills of the ‘adults’ world’. However, they were also exposed to a rigid hierarchy and to stressful security situations typical of army contexts. While non-combat women soldiers were allegedly protected from the violence of the army, they are also indirectly exposed to the danger inherent in an army context. This analysis goes beyond the hero narrative, and moves into taboo territories of young women’s narratives and experiences in the military.     

‘Unparalleled Opportunities’: The Indian Y.M.C.A.'s Army Work Schemes for Imperial Troops During the Great War (1914–1920)

The present article aims to contribute to the global history of the First World War and the history of ‘imperial humanitarianism’ by taking stock of the Indian Young Men's Christian Association's Army Work schemes in South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. The outbreak of the war was hailed by some American secretaries of the Y.M.C.A. working in India as presenting overwhelming opportunities for their proselytising agenda. Indeed, the global conflict massively enlarged the organisation's range of activities among European soldiers stationed in South Asia and for the first time extended it to the ‘Sepoys’, i.e. Indian and Nepalese soldiers serving in the imperial army. Financially supported by the Indian public as well as by the governments of Britain and British India, the US-dominated Indian Y.M.C.A. embarked on large-scale ‘army work’ programmes in the Indian subcontinent as well as in several theatres of war almost from the outset, a fact that clearly boosted its general popularity. This article addresses the question of the effects the Y.M.C.A.'s army work schemes had for the imperial war effort and tries to assess their deeper societal and political impact as a means of educating better citizens, both British and Indian. In doing so, the article places particular emphasis on the activities of American Y-workers, scrutinising to what extent pre-existing imperial racial and cultural stereotypes influenced their perception of and engagement with the European and South Asian soldiers they wanted to transform into ‘better civilians’.