试论绘画艺术创作中的自我表现

艺术创作是人类为自身审美需要而进行的精神生产活动,是一种独立的、纯粹的、高级形态的审美创造活动。艺术创作以社会生活为源泉,但并不是简单地复制生活现象,实质上是一种特殊的审美创造。艺术家是艺术创作的主体,其生活积累、思想倾向、性格气质、艺术修养是艺术创作得以顺利开展和最终完成的基础和前提。画家创作艺术作品,总是从特定的审美感受、体验出发,运用形象思维,按照美的规律对生活素材进行选择、加工、概括、提炼,构思出主观与客观交融的审美意象,然后再使用绘画材料将审美意象表现出来,最终构成内容美与形式美相统一的艺术作品。     

抽象艺术——在混乱中需找秩序的新探索

20世纪初大量西画传入中国,吴冠中以“远看西洋画,近看鬼打架”的玩笑生动地勾勒出20世纪国人眼中的西洋画形象,同时也揭示出20世纪初西方绘画中的抽象元素正按耐不住地从具象图像中抽离而出的社会事实。在绘画由具象刻画逐步转向抽象表现的过程中,至上主义、表现主义、未来主义等等艺术流派百家争鸣,甚嚣一时,艺术探索呈现出多元发展的倾向,一时令人眼花缭乱。但是透过不同流派的艺术探索历程不难发现,纷繁复杂的抽象化表现背后是艺术面临新的历史局面展开的重建新的艺术秩序的探索和尝试。     

艺术管理纵横谈

艺术管理是个很庞杂的知识体系,其中包含艺术中介管理、艺术行政管理、艺术经济管理等几大类。     

浅谈北京798艺术区的发展现状

近些年来,在北京市政府和社会各界的广泛支持和关注下,北京798艺术区逐渐成为北京市的首批文化创意产业集聚地。同时,也在该地区中各界艺术家和各相关机构的共同努力下,798艺术区逐渐进入了一个新的发展阶段,这已经成为中国当代艺术的产业和交易中心,成为中国艺术的新标志和新的文化艺术窗口,本文以北京798区的现状为依据,简单阐述该地区的规划情况,仅供参考。     

文化艺术档案工作者的历史责任

如何有效、科学管理艺术档案是我们艺术档案管理者在实践中不断摸索、思考、研究的课题。因此,必须把各种文化艺术资料搜集起来,把经验集中起来,建立、健全艺术档案为当前工作创造方便条件,也为今后艺术研究提供可靠、完备的资料和可资借鉴的经验。     

走进临风的世界——记画家谢临风

一个艺术品格高雅的画家,一个艺术理念清晰的画家,一个艺术主张鲜明的画家,一个艺术张力抢眼的画家,他总会精心打造一个属于自我的并诱惑人跃跃欲试步人其堂奥的博大的艺术世界。我所耳熟并心仪的80高龄的画家、四川省史研究馆馆员谢临风先生便拥有这样一个博大的艺术世界。     

交流与融合——敦煌艺术在影视艺术中的时代体现

敦煌艺术品在艺术形态、创作方式上表现出明显的时代风格。本文通过敦煌艺术与当代影视艺术表现形式关联的分析,论述了敦煌艺术在为影视艺术所借鉴时呈现出的形式、寓意、创作思路的时代特征,并指出了敦煌艺术与影视艺术从艺术形态、表现形式、创作方法等多方面的时代融合与交流。     

论艺术监督中的创新

艺术管理是一门综合性的学问,在社会分工日益精细化的今天,艺术管理已经从单纯的艺术领域扩展到其他领域,在社会管理中的作用越来越突出。本文首先分析艺术管理的相关基本理论,艺术监督以及艺术策划是艺术管理的重要内容,本文重点分析艺术监督、艺术监督的重要性以及艺术监督在我国的发展现状,最后提出创新艺术监督的建议。     

艺术与技术的交响——从新媒体艺术中探析艺术与科学的关系

新媒体艺术以新的视觉经验、沟通形态与互动方式扩展了人类的审美体验。这种全新的艺术形式带有明显的高科技特征,极大地依赖于先进的科学理论和技术成果,是艺术与科学的交叉融合。     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

LEAD ISOTOPE ANALYSES OF ISLAMIC POTTERY GLAZES FROM FUSTAT,EGYPT*

Lead isotope analyses have been undertaken on a group of Islamic lead‐glazed pottery artefacts from Fustat, Egypt, spanning the period from the eighth to the 14th century ad , that had previously been the subject of a comprehensive typological, chronological, petrographic and technological study. Comparison of the lead isotope ratios for the glazes with those for lead ores from Egypt, Iran, Tunisia, Anatolia, Greece, Sardinia and Spain provided information on the possible sources of the lead used in the production of the glazes. The results show that the lead used in glaze production by the Islamic potters at Fustat was most probably obtained from distant ore sources in Iran or Tunisia, Sardinia, Spain and the Taurus Mountains. Different ore sources were favoured in different periods and, to a limited extent, for different types of pottery, but at no time did the Fustat potters use the potentially more accessible Egyptian ore sources.     

Australian Cenozoic Bryozoa, 2: Free-living Cheilostomata of the Eocene St. Vincent Basin,S.A., including Bonellina gen. nov

Schmidt, R., March 2007. Australian Cenozoic Bryozoa, 2: Free-living Cheilostomata of the Eocene St. Vincent Basin, S.A., including Bonellina gen. nov. Alcheringa 31, 67-84. ISSN 0311-5518.

Free-living bryozoans are diverse in the Eocene sediments of the St. Vincent Basin, South Australia. They include Bonellina pentagonalis gen. et sp. nov., Otionellina sp. cf. O. exigua (Tenison Woods), Otionellina sp. cf. O. cupola (Tenison Woods), Tubiporella magna (Tenison Woods), Celleporaria nummularia (Tenison Woods), and an indeterminate species only found as moulds. This diversity and abundance is highest in the sediments representing the initial transgressive marine facies, where they occur in ‘sand fauna’ bryozoan assemblages (e.g. with Melicerita and Siphonicytara). Free-living bryozoans decrease up-section and are absent from latest Eocene sediments, indicating a significant environmental shift.

Rolf Schmidt [rschmid@museum.vic.gov.au], Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia; received 18.3.2005, revised 14.12.2005.