培养和激发学生的学习初中英语的动机

影响学生学习外语的因素是多方面的,但主要一方面是学生学习外语的动机,因此,在外语教学中教师要注意运用一些方法培养和激发学生学习外语的动机。     

外语教学中的情感因素

外语学习受诸多因素的影响,其中情感因素占有举足轻重的地位。本文从情感因素的基本概念出发,研究了移情、语言态度、焦虑以及动机等影响外语学习的情感因素,并就教师如何避免这些因素对外语学习产生消极作用以及怎样培养学生的积极情感提出了自己的看法和建议。     

浅谈“激发学生学习动机的方法”

学习动机是在需要刺激下直接推动人进行学习活动以达到一定目的内部动力。人的行为与其动机相一致,行为总是在动机的指引下向一定目标前进,而放弃其他方向,动机越强烈,人的行为目标也越明确。调动学生学习积极性,全面提高现代化教育的质量,在一定意义就是引导学生的需要与学习行为。而这些行为的发生,离不开动机。我们可以从激发需要、适当的开展竞赛、期望与评价、设定中等难度的学习目标、培养良好的集体氛围和体验成功喜悦等几个方面激发学生的学习动机。把这些方式方法应用于实践教学中,将很大程度的提高学生的学习动机,从而提高学生的学习效果。     

音乐素质对外语学习的影响--少数民族外语教学实践中的体会

笔在多年少数民族外语教学中体会到,外语学习受到很多因素的影响,其中音乐素养的高低,对外语学习的影响尤为重要。音乐学习中的乐感和韵律感与外语学习中的语感和语调有着很大的相通之处,在外语学习中起着至关重要的作用。     

学会正确归因，进行自我学习心理指导

学生学习出现困难有很多原因,学习心理存在障碍是原因之一。学习心理障碍从外部来看是由沉重的学习负担造成心理压力而产生的,从内部来看与个人的性格和心理素质有关。在引导学生正确对待学习压力,进行自我学习心理指导时,必须对学生进行自我归因指导,引导其正确归因,以期培养学生的良好个性品质,形成良好的个性心理,能够以正确的心理态度看待学习。     

外文电影融入外语教学初探

随着社会的不断发展与进步,人们对于外语教育方法的关注度越来越高。由于在当今时代背景下,各行各业都逐渐走向国际化,因此外语的应用比较广泛。学习外语的最终目标就是为让学生更加深入的了解外国的传统文化与语言美。外语属于文化交流的综合载体,在一些获得奥斯卡金像奖的外文电影中就蕴含着丰富的外语资料。本文就在英语课堂授课时融入外文电影的可行性、可能性及可操作性进行讨论和分析。     

小学英语教学中合作学习策略研究

英语作为一门外语,其学习的难度自然要比母语难得多。但是随着现在社会的发展,学生掌握一门外语是非常必要的。无论在什么阶段,英语学科的学习对于学生的综合素质提升都有着很大的帮助。在小学阶段,英语学科的学习极为重要。但是在传统的小学英语教学中,英语课堂往往是教师进行主要的讲解,学生则是在座位上被动地灌输知识,这无疑是不利于学生语言运用水平的提高的。要解决这类问题,需要教师在实际教学运用到让学生进行合作学习的教学方法,从而达到提高教学效率,培养学生语言运用能力的目的。     

初中英语学困生有效学习

学习策略是学生学会学习的前提。努力通过对学困生学习策略的培养,与学生确定思维的最近发展区,并根据具体的教学目的、教学要求、教学内容进行具体的学习策略指导与运用,让学生充分了解、领会、操练学习策略,使他们能够懂得外语学习策略在外语学习中的意义与作用,并自觉地、有意识地运用学习策略改进自己的外语学习。同时教师和学生必须认识到学习策略的培养和使用必须要贯穿于英语学习的整个过程,教师要在教学中有意识地渗透学习策略的培养,学生要有意识地尝试和使用学习策略。总而言之,就是在新课程标准的指导下帮助学生有效地提高外语水平,同时为推动新课程改革提供积极的思考和探索。     

浅议“数学教学激趣”的方法

“兴趣是最好的老师”。教学的优劣很大程度上取决于教师能否激起学生的学习兴趣。兴趣是人们产生探索的直接原因,在教学时教师要抓住“强动机,浓兴趣”的原则,使枯燥的学习内容变为有趣的东西,将学生引入探索的积极状态中,变“要我学”为“我要学”,变厌学为乐学。实践证明,非智力因素在教学中往往具有很大的促进作用,能使学生的思维水平得到最大限度的发挥。     

浅谈在数学教学中培养学生的创新能力

学生都有强烈的好胜心理，如果在学习中屡屡失败．会对从事的学习失去信心，教师创造合适的机会使学生感受成功的喜悦。对培养他们的创新能力是有必要的。     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

The Chemists' Style of Thinking

Der Denkstil der Chemiker. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit des Begriffes “Denkstil”, wie er von Alistair Crombie eingeführt und Ian Hacking aufgegriffen wurde, für das Verständnis dessen, wie das Fach Chemie historisch seine Identität ausgeprägt hat. Obwohl weder Crombie noch Hacking den Begriff “Denkstil” in Bezug auf einzelne Disziplinen verwendet haben, erscheint im Fall der Chemie seine Anwendung besonders vielversprechend, weil er hier hilft, ein zentrales Problem zu thematisieren – nämlich die Frage, wie es Chemikern trotz wechselnder Gegenstandsbereiche und theoretischer Umbrüche gelang, eine eigenständige und stabile Identität auszubilden. Nach einer Einführung in den Begriff “Denkstil”, argumentiert der Aufsatz, dass die Beständigkeit der Chemie als eines Faches wesentlich in ihren Laborpraktiken gründet, die ihrerseits wiederum die spezifische Art der Fragen bestimmten, die Chemiker in ihren Forschungen stellten bzw. die Form der Antworten, nach denen sie suchten. Folgende Merkmale kennzeichnen diesen “chemischen Denkstil” (1) eine spezifische, im Herstellen begründete Form des Wissens, (2) die Befassung mit einzelnen Stoffen und Materialien statt mit Materie im Allgemeinen und (3) eine Beobachtung von Natur besonders im Hinblick auf Transformationsprozesse. The Chemists' Style of Thinking. This paper discusses the relevance of the notion of “styles of scientific thinking” introduced by Alistair Crombie and revisited by Ian Hacking, for understanding how chemistry shaped its identity. Although neither Crombie nor Hacking applied this notion to individual disciplines, it seems appropriate to use it in the case of chemistry because it helps to address a puzzling issue: how did chemists manage to shape an identity of their own, despite shifting territories and theoretical transformations? Following a presentation of the notion of style, I will argue that the stable identity of chemistry is rooted in laboratory practices, which determined the specific questions that chemists put to nature as well as the answers to their questions. The “chemical style of thinking” is characterized by i) a specific way of knowing through making, ii) the concern with individual materials rather than matter in general and iii) a specific commitment to nature.