全国经济委员会农业处转送之西北农业、畜牧业和社会经济考察报告（上）

1934年4月5日,全国经济委员会西北牲畜改良场筹备处主任粟显倬自南京出发,赴西北考察。6月5日,西北牲畜改良场在兰州成立。未几,粟显倬、邹枋向全国经济委员会农业处呈寄并转秘书长秦汾《西北农业及畜牧事业考察报告》、《西北农业暨社会经济考察报告》,对开发西北提出了若干建议。本组史料对研究民国时期西北的农业、畜牧业和社会经济有一定的参考价值。     

西北地区特色农业发展潜力与定位分析

西北地区地域广阔,地貌类型多样,具有发展特色农业的比较优势。然而,受自然条件、资源禀赋、市场容量、增收潜力、粮食安全与生态环境等因素的综合制约,不宜高估西部特色农业发展的潜力。从区域宏观层面进行西北特色农业发展潜力的客观评价,对于利用有限资金,适度发挥特色农业资源的比较优势,科学协调农村脱贫致富与生态环境保护关系,促进区域社会经济可持续发展,具有重要的战略意义。     

从百县调查看1995年农业和农村经济形势

从百县调查看１９９５年农业和农村经济形势农业部蹲点调查领导小组办公室１９９５年９、１０两个月，农业部组织３２０多名干部，分赴２５个省（区）的１００个县，进行秋季蹲点调查。调查情况如下：一、百县农业和农村经济形势蹲点调查表明，１９９５年百县认真落实政策...     

黑龙江省农业委员会

黑龙江省农业委员会是主管全省农业和农村经济发展的省政府组成部门。主要职责:(一)　　贯彻国家有关农业和农村经济发展的方针政策和法律法规,贯彻国家农业和农村经济发展战略、中长期发展规划。(二)　　研究编制全省农业和农村经济发展战略、中长期发展规划和年度农业生产指导性计划,经批准后组织实施。(三)　　研究拟定农业生产政策,引导农业产业结构的合理调整、农业资源的合理配置和产品品质的改善;提出有关农产品及农业生产资料价格、大宗农产品流通、农村信贷、税收及农业财政补贴的政策建议;组织起草种植业、渔业、农机等农业各产业…     

水资源再分配与西北农业可持续发展——元《长安志图》所载泾渠“用水则例”的启示

我国西北水资源总量贫乏而又集中于夏季,冬春干旱而正值冬小麦生长旺季。诸多因素使西北农业发展面临严峻挑战。利用方志总结历史上水资源再分配的经验。对今日西北农业可持续发展是有益的。元朝陕西泾渠渠系内五县之地本皆斥卤,得泾渠灌溉。遂为沃野。重要原因是国家设立专门机构河渠司管理泾渠事务,泾渠河渠司制定并执行了“分水”、“用水则例”。对渠系内水资源的统一管理分配和使用,体现了国家在调节分配农业用水中的积极作用。     

中国农业的过去与现在——评黄宗智著《中国的隐性农业革命》

黄宗智先生2010年出版的《中国的隐性农业革命》一书是作者关于中国农村社会经济的新近之作。书中三大历史性变迁引起的中国隐性农业革命和中国社会中间阶层分析等理论颇具创见。     

青海省农业区构建和谐社会的调查与思考

构建和谐社会需要我们结合地方实际去实践,为此,笔者选择民和县各乡镇村支部书记为调查对象,从农民对目前国家农村政策所持态度、对农村经济形势的看法、基层组织建设、基层党组织成员的民主意识以及农民的法律意识等方面就青海省农业区构建和谐社会的有关问题进行了调查分析,并从切实加快农村经济发展、建立健全农村医疗保障体系、着力解决教育不公平和完善立法的民主化程序等方面进行了思考。     

江苏省农业科学院

该院直属江苏省政府领导,是全省唯一的、综合性的农业科研机构。主要任务是:针对国家和江苏省农村经济与科技发展目标和方向,开展农业应用、农业开发、农业宏观政策研究,同时开展科技示范和科技服务工作,为全省农业和农村经济发展提供成果保证和技术支撑。     

青海省农业区构建和谐社会的调查与思考

构建和谐社会需要我们结合地方实际去实践,为此,笔者选择民和县各乡镇村支部书记为调查对象,从农民对目前国家农村政策所持态度、对农村经济形势的看法、基层组织建设、基层党组织成员的民主意识以及农民的法律意识等方面就青海省农业区构建和谐社会的有关问题进行了调查分析,并从切实加快农村经济发展、建立健全农村医疗保障体系、着力解决教育不公平和完善立法的民主化程序等方面进行了思考.     

当代中国农业社会主义改造与建设中的邓子恢同志

当代中国农业社会主义改造与建设中的邓子恢同志赵明１９５４年８月，我由东北局农村工作部互助合作组调到中共中央农村工作部二处，直到１９６２年１０月农工部解散的８年间，有幸在邓子恢同志的直接领导下工作。今年是我国农业社会主义改造基本完成４０周年，我以怀念之...     

Agriculture,Trade and Sustainability

In recent decades there has been growing concern about the combined undesired consequences of rapid economic growth, based on the free market movement, and developments in science and technology. This concern has placed the sustainable development concept on the world's agenda. The notion of sustainability, which originally referred mostly to the environmental consequences of human activities, along with their economic and social aspects, has been discussed not only at the national and the global levels but also in relation to particular sectors of the economy. One such sector is agriculture, which to be sustainable must be ecologically sound, economically viable, and socially responsible. Unless current trade and agricultural policies are geared to creating such a structure, sustainability will be no more than a myth in the industrialized and globalized world, while considerable numbers of people will be left struggling with hunger and poverty. Ethical, fair trade and ecologic agricultural practices, such as organic farming, have been suggested as alternatives to existing practices. However, with their current and potential size, these alternatives cannot compete with existing production and trade systems. But these alternatives nevertheless highlight the main problems of current day free trade and industrialized agriculture structures and their related solutions.

This paper reviews the concepts of sustainable development and sustainable agriculture: it raises the question whether the world-wide free market economy is really free, and it considers the undesired consequences of this economy by focusing on the relationship between sustainable agriculture and agriculture-related trade policies.     

Revisiting the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO): International Histories of Agriculture,Nutrition,and Development

As far as international organizations and their written histories are concerned, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO, presents quite a paradox. Though in its early years, the organization itself as well as individual staff members were determined to document and narrate FAO's history, sixty years later many aspects of FAO's history remain largely unknown. The following articles re-examine the history of FAO through a range of new perspectives that shed light on the intellectual roots of rural development ideas within the organization and illuminate the context of specific development missions, as well as the transnational flows of knowledge and expertise.     

河南新郑史前农业初论

已有考古工作表明,河南新郑地区的农业至迟发端于裴李岗时代,粟、黍、稻等粮食作物,猪、狗等家养动物在先民生业系统中扮演着一定角色;仰韶时代,具有农用功能的工具表现出进步态势,农业有所发展,可能已成为聚落先民生业的主体;龙山时代,农业进一步发展,聚落层级化趋势更加明朗;二里头时代,作物种类有粟、黍、稻及可能性的小麦,家养动物包括猪、狗、牛、羊等,具有农用功能的工具更加齐备。史前先民通过发展农业,经受住了气候事件的考验,区域性政治实体——城市聚落得以建立起来。     

Mercantile Transformations: Understanding the State,Global Debt and Philippine Agriculture

This paper examines an important continuity in the political economy of the Philippines: the interplay between domestic merchant capitalists and the state over the role of the state in the Philippine economy. During the Marcos regime, this interplay increasingly took the form of competition between state mercantile interests and ‘private’ merchant interests. This competition is still being played out. To better understand the nature of the competition, consideration is focused on two essential contemporary facts: the Philippines has a major external debt crisis and the Philippines, still predominantly an agrarian country, suffers from stagnant productivity growth and enduring rural poverty. While the Philippine external debt problem can be attributed in significant part to various international hegemonic interests, the analysis concludes that the characteristics of the crisis primarily reflect changing state/class/economy configurations within the Philippines. These same configurations, in turn, significantly influence the implications of the external debt crisis on Philippine agriculture.     

绿色农业视角下青海特色农业发展路径及对策

绿色农业是二十一世纪农业发展的理想模式。青海独特的地域环境和资源条件形成了丰富的特色农业资源,也为发展绿色农业奠定了基础。文章通过对青海特色农业绿色化发展条件的分析,指出了特色农业的发展目标,并提出了实施路径及相关对策。