The Elusive Idea of the Nation: Israel in the Mirror of Modernity

The article begins by analyzing the historical process that brought many Europeans to question the natural framework of their common political existence: the nation and its secular contrivance, the state. The nation appears as the ultimate casualty of European nationalism, and its “crisis of identity” has further deepened in the last few years with the acceleration of European integration. The state appears less and less as the natural locus of political authority, and, in a continent where particularities are tending to diminish, a very different sense of affiliation has been emerging: the inclination to embrace “global humanism” which has no correlation with the conventional framework of representative government. Israel offers an appropriate counterproof to the tribulations of the European fading sense of nationhood. The article considers the distinctive character of Israel among modern nation-states in light of the classical definitions of the nation, in particular with regard to the role of religion and its relation to the political institutions.     

《中华人民共和国经济史》评介

中华人民共和国已经走过半个世纪的历程,50年在人类历史的长河中如白驹过隙,但对于12亿中国人民来说,这50年的历程却是一部辉煌的篇章。在中国共产党的领导下,中国人民在经济基础非常落后、国情极为复杂的情况下进行前无古人的事业,在前进的道路上历尽坎坷与曲折,取得了翻天覆地的变化和辉煌的成就。由董辅主编的《中华人民共和国经济史》(经济科学出版社出版)一书以丰富的史料,真实客观地记录了这一段伟大的历史,热情讴歌了中华人民共和国经济建设所取得的巨大成就,对研究社会主义建设成功的经验以及挫折的教训、探求建设有中国特色社会…     

Public Archaeology in a Nascent Nation State: Two Decades of Independence in the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

Moldova celebrated twenty years of independence in August 2011. This article gives an overview of the path to independence and the steps which have been taken since by successive Moldovan governments to establish an identity for the state and its population. Public history and archaeology have played a prominent role in state-sponsored nation-building. Two case studies are discussed: that of the state's leadership icon, the medieval prince Stephen the Great; and Moldova's premier archaeological landscape, Orheiul Vechi. Complexities in the interpretation of these examples are due both to historical factors and to the contemporary economic difficulties facing Europe's poorest country. The article sees nation-building in Moldova as reflective of modernist accounts of nationalism, and of socio-political expediency.     

《中华人民共和国经济史》第1卷若干问题研讨会召开

由吴承明、董志凯担任主编的《中华人民共和国经济史》第 1卷 ( 1 949～ 1 952 )已由中国财经出版社于 2 0 0 1年 1 2月出版。全书以 84万字的篇幅 ,全面、详实地研讨了建国头三年的经济发展过程。第一卷的出版在学术界引起很大反响 ,受到好评。接续下来的《中华人民共和国经济史》第 2卷 ( 1 953～ 1 957)已由中国社会科学院立项 ,即将上马。为了总结经验 ,进一步推动建国初期经济史的研究 ,由中国社会科学院经济研究所中国现代经济史研究室主持 ,于2 0 0 2年 7月 2 4日召开了《中华人民共和国经济史》第 1卷若干问题研讨会。中国社会科学…     

Epistemic Modernity and the Emergence of Homosexuality in China

Centred on two Republican‐era Chinese sexologists, Zhang Jingsheng (1888–1970) and Pan Guangdan (1899–1967), this article explores the intellectual context in which the western category of ‘homosexuality’ was introduced to Chinese culture, thereby highlighting its production of a key epistemological rearrangement in the social significance of same‐sex desire in modern China. The article proposes and develops the analytic rubric of ‘epistemic modernity’ to illuminate the pertinent discursive apparatus of cultural translation and negotiation, on the basis of which explicit claims of (sexual) knowledge‐making were imbricated with implicit claims about cultural indicators of traditionality, authenticity and modernity.     

民国时期青海回族与土族的经济互动

青海东部河湟地区的回族与土族是两个世居的少数民族,经明清两季的历史发展,各自选择了不同的生产方式。他们之间为了生存的需要,在生产方式上存在着必然的联系与互补。这样,回族与土族之间的经济互动不可避免地因此而发生了。本文就民国时期的回族与土族的经济往来作一粗浅的梳理。民国以前的回土经济往来 河湟地区的回族大规模地涌入青海东部土族地区是从清朝前期开始的。由于雍正十三年(1735年)取     

唯物史观与民国时期傅衣凌的中国社会经济史研究北大核心CSSCI

在社会史论战影响下,傅衣凌确立了研究中国社会经济史的基本问题意识。此后十余年,唯物史观揭示的人类社会发展演变的普遍规律,始终是傅衣凌分析中国社会历史的重要工具,但他不再像社会史论战者那样“为公式牺牲材料”,而是开始尝试处理规律的普遍性与中国历史特殊性之间的关系;同时,他也不再“把方法当结论”,用理论方法来代替历史研究,而是将宏大的理论问题具体化,通过具体、细化的实证研究,来验证理论的真确与否。傅衣凌的这些特点,反映了民国时期中国社会经济史研究的整体性转变。     

Margherita of Cortona: Women,Preaching, and the Writing of Hagiography

Abstract

This article examines Margherita of Cortona (1247–97), who took a penitent habit in the late 1270s. In 1290 Margherita was granted permission to rebuild the church of San Basilio near her cell and a secular priest became her confessor. After her death in 1297, her former confessor, the Franciscan Giunta Bevegnati, composed Margherita's Legenda, which provides an account of her life, conversion and penitence, her conversations with Christ, and her charitable works. In addition to the Legenda, there is also an altarpiece, portraying Margherita and scenes from her life, and the seventeenth-century watercolour paintings that reproduce the frescos which once decorated the church of Santa Margherita, the former San Basilio. Following a short introduction to Margherita's life, and a brief examination of preaching for women in the Middle Ages and its prohibitions, the article examines how the biographer, Giunta Bevegnati, represents the relationship of Margherita to preaching and sermons, in particular focusing on passages in Margherita's Legenda, where her efficacious speech or performance has a clear impact on an audience and her biographer does not use the term 'preach' for her utterances. Finally, the extent to which Margherita's biographer uses hagiography for homiletic purposes is discussed.     

Environment and Modernity in Transitional China: Frontiers of Ecological Modernization

The process of institutionalizing environmental interests and considerations in Western (especially, but not only, European) industrialized societies has been reflected and theorized upon by social scientists, many of whom have adopted the ‘ecological modernization’ framework. One of the key questions on the research agenda of ecological modernization is its appropriateness for developing or industrializing countries in other parts of the world. This contribution analyses to what extent environmental reforms in contemporary China can be interpreted as ecological modernization. It focuses on the similarities and differences between Chinese and European modes or styles of ecological modernization with respect to the role of state institutions, market dynamics, civil society pressure and international integration.     

现代性的歧路:清末民初的社会达尔文主义思潮

自进化论传入中国,斯宾塞的社会达尔文主义提供了一条物竞天择、适者生存的富强之路。斯宾塞的竞争进化论,与中国文化传统中儒家的经世致用、法家的富国强兵相结合,形成了近代中国物质主义与功利主义的狂潮。社会达尔文主义颠覆了两千年来中国传统的礼的秩序,代之以竞争为核心的力的秩序,并产生了以强者为主导的新国民人格。然而,这一去价值、去伦理的力的秩序,在清末民初产生了严重的政治后果,它造就了民国,却毁了共和。五四知识分子痛定思痛,重新思考中国的复兴之路,开始了从富强到文明的历史转变。