土耳其伊斯兰教职人员对凯末尔革命的贡献

第一次世界大战后 ,土耳其帝国面临着被帝国主义协约国瓜分的境地。土耳其伊斯兰教职人员由于对国家命运的关注而发生了分化 ,其中大部分伊斯兰教职人员站在民族解放斗争的前列 ,号召民众为民族独立而斗争、同支持素丹政府的教职人员抗衡、从物资上支援民族解放运动、配合世俗化改革的实施 ,为土耳其凯末尔革命的胜利和土耳其走向现代化做出了重要贡献 ,发挥了其他阶层人士无法起到的特殊作用。     

The Fiqh of Revolution and the Arab Spring: Secondary Segmentation as a Trend in Islamic Legal Doctrine

This article examines how the events of the Arab Spring have helped give birth to a new juristic subfield known as the “Fiqh of Revolution”. The Fiqh of Revolution supplies legal guidance on peaceful rebellion under contemporary conditions, addressing itself to a 21st century world order shaped by new internet media and post‐Cold War international human rights conventions. I argue that besides being an important source of influence for Islamist movements, the Fiqh of Revolution also illustrates broader trends in contemporary Islamic legal thought. In particular, I draw attention to the process of “secondary segmentation”, whereby new legal subfields are created for the purpose of justifying and regimenting the use of utilitarian modes of juristic reasoning. Although “secondary segmentation” is an emergent trend, I suggest that it has important implications for the future evolution of Islamic legal doctrine.