《退庵诗话》对蜀地诗歌的选录及点评

何曰愈《退庵诗话》选录的蜀地诗歌,作者身份不一,内容多样,有一定的文献与文学价值,有的或许可作校勘辑佚之用,有的展现了一些蜀地官员的部分业余生活。不过这些诗歌摘录的准确度可能还有存疑之处。《退庵诗话》对于蜀地诗歌并不仅仅是单纯选录,有时会在诗歌前介绍作诗缘起或蜀地风貌风物,这些蜀地诗歌大多有着鲜明的地方特色,跟介绍性文字互相印证。何曰愈有时也会点评一些蜀地诗歌,这些点评,大致符合他的一些诗学主张,但有些点评也有值得思索之处。     

陆游与蜀人蜀士及蜀州

陆游是与宋代蜀地有着密切关系的文化大家,陆游在蜀,是其与蜀人、蜀士、蜀土及地域文化互动的一段经历。透过文人诗意的夸张与遐想发掘可用的历史信息,并进一步拼凑成一幅幅鲜活的历史场景绝非易事(包伟民语)。陆游在蜀地近9年,蜀地独特的人情风俗、自然风光成为其诗歌的主要素材,期间放翁诗的另一来源则是与友朋的唱和、叙情之作,体现诗人的人情世界。     

唐开承简墓志考释--兼论唐代蜀中特殊地位

河南洛阳北窑出土的唐代开承简墓志,记述了一些唐代名人物在蜀地的活动,具有重要的史料价值。本对此作了研究和考释。     

简牍和考古所见汉代河西与蜀地的交往

汉代的蜀地与河西走廊地区, 一 为经济重地、一为边防要隘。两地之间有 频繁密切的各种交往。本文以释读两条简文为 主线,查证举要,对两地交往中的有关交通路 径、物资品种及深层次的经济特点作了梳理和 探讨。     

乡邦文化视野中的扬雄——以《华阳国志》为中心

郡书写作的兴起,深受汉魏时期地域优劣论的影响。《华阳国志》继承汉魏郡书撰写的传统,通过表彰先贤来标榜蜀地的独特之处。该书《先贤传》通过增删调整《汉书》《法言》等史料,将扬雄塑造成一位“齐圣广渊”的弘道圣人,有关扬雄的负面记载却只字未见。此种做法,体现了乡邦文化建设中方志书写的特点。而作为集蜀地方志之大成的《华阳国志》,其对扬雄的定位,亦在很大程度上反映了蜀地士人的认识,这意味着扬雄拟经征圣的行为至少在蜀地获得了一定程度的认可。     

通江得汉城宋元以来的战略地位

通江得汉城宋元以来,都是军事重镇,特别是南宋时期,蜀地多次遭女真贵族重点进攻。到南来后期,宋、蒙发生了争端,蒙古贵族出于同一战略目的,对蜀地也采取了不断争夺,“蒙古国主蒙哥就是在争夺蜀地的战争中,死于合川钓鱼城下的”①。金、蒙为什么对蜀地这么感兴趣,而三番五次的发动争夺呢？然而为什么又屡攻不下呢？很值得研究。本文拟将宋元以来,各时代战争防御体系之一的通江得汉城的战略地位进行试论,以展示得汉城在各时代战争防御地位之一斑。得汉城,又名得汉山、安辑寨。位于通江县城东43公里的苦草坝（今永安区场镇所在地）…     

汉代河西的蜀地织品——以“广汉八稯布”为标本的丝绸之路史考察

河西汉简资料中,"广汉"作为人名、地名和军事机构名号,可以理解为体现国家意识和民族意识的特殊符号。而河西出土"广汉"指示蜀地纺织业产品"广汉八稯布"的简文,丝绸之路史研究者应当看作重要资料予以关注。由蜀地往河西的纺织品运输路线,是丝绸之路的重要别支。考察这一交通线路,还应当注意肩水金关简"驱驴士""之蜀"等简文反映的交通史信息。成都老官山汉墓织机模型的出土以及张骞浮槎行天河见织女得"支机石"传说与蜀地的密切关系,对于相关考察也有参考意义。     

李冰石犀厌水辨

《蜀王本纪》载有秦蜀守李冰作石犀厌水精以止"江水为害"之事,古今论者除任乃强外,多从其说。其实李冰治蜀时尚无厌胜水精以止风波之观念,且犀牛在时人信仰中亦非镇水之灵物。是故李冰石犀厌水事不可能发生于战国末期之蜀地,此乃后世附会之辞。     

四川汉代画像石棺艺术研究

中国画像石棺艺术源于商周,至汉代,厚葬之风使蜀地和中原普遍流行石棺装饰,经魏晋南北朝,发展至西北地区,历隋唐五代两宋至金,尔后逐渐消失。纵览一千五百多年的石棺艺术发展史,可以发现:四川汉代画像石棺艺术就其内容与形式的统一,已达到了比较完美的艺术境地。一、四川汉代画像石棺艺术的研究状况《华阳国志·蜀志》云:“周失纲纪,蜀先称王,有蜀侯蚕丛,其目纵,始称王,死,作石棺石椁,国人从之,故俗以石棺椁为纵目人冢。”蜀侯蚕丛的活动,已为广汉三星堆遗址的考古成果所证实。这表明商周之际,蜀地有石棺椁之葬制。宋代学者洪适     

西南丝绸之路上的指路标

早在汉武帝时汉王朝就采取移民措施,将蜀地和中原地区的汉民有计划地迁移到西南丝路沿线居住,依托移民力量来保证道路的畅通和稳定。     

Climate and energy security policies and measures: synergies and conflicts

Concerns about climate and energy security are leading to increased government intervention in the energy sector, in particular as they relate to the choice of energy supply options. While many of these options will improve both energy and climate security, many measures will benefit one while harming the other. This raises an important question for governments and energy planners: how can conflicts between climate and energy security be resolved? This article outlines some of the barriers and problems that may arise as governments and companies try to address climate and energy security concerns simultaneously in various energy supply areas. It concludes by arguing against choosing one objective over the other, and by outlining steps that can be taken to help resolve conflicts between the two agendas.     

我和我的兄弟姐妹

1938年．我出生在金沙江畔一个叫巴塘的小县城里。生在哪一天．至今不知道．因此．六十多年过去了．我从来也没有过过生日。     

Challenger and Chernobyl Lessons and Reflections

Abstract

It is argued that Psychological research on 'race' and 'ethnicity' issues presents a number of ethical problems. These relate to the sociopolitical impact of such research, particularly when it purports to find differences of an 'innate' character; to the use of naive subjects, particularly children, in research which is aimed at demonstrating their 'inferiority'; and, within the academic community itself, to the working relationships between researchers who believe in 'innate' 'race' differences and colleagues belonging to allegedly 'inferior' groups – this being particularly significant within a teaching environment. Although the 'race differences' question has a long and controversial history, ethical issues relating to the research process itself have received less focused attention. Moreover, replacement of the genetically obsolete concept of 'race' with the idea of 'ethnicity' does not solve the problem entirely, and the term 'ethnicity' is itself unsatisfactory in several respects.     

Power and Ethnicity History and Anthropology

This essay reflects on the relationship between anthropological and historical scholarship of ethnicity, picking up on themes explored by Andre Gingrich, by considering the epistemological and evidentiary limitations of social scientific and historical analysis and reconstruction. Beginning with the consideration of the pioneering transdisciplinary efforts of Robert Darnton and Clifford Geertz, it argues that many of the weaknesses ascribed to such efforts are actually part of the nature of social scientific investigation which, in the terms of Peter Winch, must take into account two sets of relationships: that of the relationship between the scientist and the phenomena that he or she observes and the symbolic system that he or she shares with other scientists, which can only be understood from the social context of common activity. How these two relationships challenge social scientific analysis of ethnicity are examined through a consideration of the difficulties of applying Anthony Smith's definition of an ethnie to either Fredrik Barth's classic essay on “Pathan Identity and its Maintenance” or Helmut Reimitz's study of Frankish identity. It concludes that neither anthropologists nor historians are simply describing societies as they are or as they were but rather attempt to describe societies as witnesses within them thought they should be, and we do this for our own society, not for those of the participants, past or present.     

Of Demons and Angels and Historical Humans: Some Events and Questions in Translation and Post-colonial Theory

In what follows, I attempt to show that a look at some curious examples of translations from European texts makes us think about issues in translation theory and post-colonial theory from a slightly different angle. The metaphor of translation can very well be employed for understanding the relation between European texts, and some texts and some social and political practices in India in the colonial period, and this in turn helps us look critically at what I shall call our fuzzy post-colonialism. I also argue that Walter Benjamin's metaphor of translation as the after-life of a work can be extended to posit two basic modes of after-life.     

后伊拉克时代与中国的内政外交--普遍主义与单边主义的冲突

"9·11"事件后,冷战后的国际政治格局发生了重大变化.其最大特征可以概括为以下两点:第一,确立了以唯一超级大国--美国为核心的以反恐为普遍主义的全球性安全阵线;第二,美国的爱国主义、民族主义戏剧性地高涨起来.就像当时有人强调因为全世界有60多个国家的人在世界贸易中心工作,所以对世贸中心的攻击就是对全世界的攻击那样,在美国国民中普遍存在着这样的观点:因为美国社会自身就是世界的缩影,所以星条旗也可被看作是超越一国国界的全人类的普遍象征.