中国经济地理学研究中的“时间”:以近代为例

自经济地理学学科诞生以来,其核心议题即从不同的尺度上理解空间经济现象。从历史的维度来看,当然包括"时间"这一尺度。故而,在历史地理学研究的视野中,关注历时性是一件自然而然的事~①,但在现代经济地理学的话语体系中,"时间"则被放在相对忽视的位序。随着中国经济地理学学科的不断发展,学界也在不断反思该如何客观评价历史在经济景观研究中的重要性。例如,随着时间的推移经济景观将出现的演变;历史因素在经济地理演化中发挥的作用.     

近代经济地理的研究历程

近代经济地理学经过二十多年的发展,现已成为历史地理诸学科中重要的学科方向,并受到历史学、地理学、经济学等相关学科的重视.对近代经济地理研究进行必要的学术史回顾,为下一步的研究指出新的学术起点,意义是不言而喻的.     

日本东方学会《东方学》杂志简介

<东方学>是日本学术界研究东方储国历史、兼及社会、经济、思想等学科领域的最高水平的学术刊物.     

浅谈我国林业经济管理学学科的若干问题

近年来,我国加强了对林业经济管理规范化速度,根据农林业的特点及其差异特征,提出了高等林业院校的农林经济管理专业培养对象主要是林业行业经济管理型人才、林业经济管理研究型人才和新型林业经营者3种专门人才,本文简要从林业经济管理学科性质,功能,学科领域研究现状等三方面分析了该学科存在的问题,并提出了认清学科性质、推动学科领域科研工作开展、学科教学和科研功能共同实现的建议。     

文化经济地理学进展与“项目网络地理学”的提出

文化经济是发达资本主义国家从工业社会向知识经济转型的重要标志。本文回顾和评论了西方经济地理学、城市地理学、文化地理学等学科,在文化创意产业研究方面的进展和贡献。从目前人文社会科学领域在文化经济研究方面的知识积累来看,拥有独特"空间"视角的地理学,尚有很多议题未予涉足,特别是在中国,地理学家对文化经济的知识建构和政策影响,相对较小。西方地理学界最近出现"文化经济地理学"分支学科的说法,反映了地理学界对于文化经济的积极参与。为推进和深化"文化经济地理学"相关研究,地理学家应关注文化创意产业基于"项目"和"项目网络"的独特生产方式,在充分发挥地理学"空间转向"影响力的基础上,开展跨学科研究,有望建立新的分支学科"项目网络地理学"。     

全球史视野下的中国历史文献学学科建设

在新的时代条件下,中国历史文献学学科要想获得更好的发展就必须改革。除自身基础理论的完善外,改革的重点趋向是加大与相关学科研究的联系,走出国门,拓展研究空间,注重教学建设。本文拟从全球史研究视野出发,探讨中国历史文献学与相关学科研究的结合及其研究领域和研究空间的拓展。     

评介《经济活动的空间分析》

探讨经济活动的空间分布规律是地理学和经济学共同感兴趣的研究领域,是近年来国内外兴起的热点研究课题。从目前情况看,国外特别是国内该方面的系统研究成果几近于无。     

《马克思主义视野下的公平与正义》

呈现在读者面前的年会文集,是遴选出的优秀论文和摘要的汇编,共设六卷,即马克思主义研究学科卷、哲学.历史.文学学科卷、政治.法律.社会学科卷、经济.管理学科卷、世界经济.国际政治.国际关系     

西方经济地理学关于全球化经济的理论演化综述

清晰的理解全球化经济如何演化是一项非常紧迫和艰巨的任务。传统的经济地理学主要通过国际劳动分工理论解释全球化经济。但二十世纪九十年代以来的外购和及时生产等新的生产组织方式的出现,使得全球经济体系变得愈加复杂。西方经济地理学家开始将其他相关学科的理论和方法论(如资源基础理论、嵌入理论、行为者网络理论等),应用于全球化的研究中,构建了一些新的全球经济的分析框架,例如全球价值链、全球商品链和全球生产网络,体现了经济地理学新的发展方向-"关系"经济地理学。这些链/网络的分析框架在多学科领域引起强大的反响,使得西方经济地理学的学科地位得到很大提升。     

南京大学经济地理学发展历程与展望

南京大学是我国地理学研究的重要阵地,在经济地理学领域更是有着深远的影响。本文基于对地理学刊物上发表论文的统计,对南京大学经济地理学发展的历程进行了系统的研究。南京大学经济地理学发展主要分为快速发展期、波动停滞期、复苏繁荣期、蓬勃发展期等四个阶段。在研究内容上,主要涉及区域经济与区域发展、交通地理学、空间结构与空间布局、产业集群与新产业区、企业与区域增长、低碳经济与可持续发展、全球化的经济活动、技术进步与信息化、制度经济地理学等9个主要领域。这9大领域在国内学界有着重要的影响。最后,展望南京大学经济地理学学科发展,提出新经济地理学、制度转向/文化转向、服务国家需求是未来研究的三大主要方向。     

Forecasting in Economic Geography

Economic-geographic forecasting is intended to predict the dynamics of the interplay between nature and society and to serve as the basis for economic development plans. Because of the large number of variables involved, probability analysis may be expected to play an important role in economic-geographic forecasts. One approach suggested is the analysis of chain reactions involved in various energy-and-production cycles, the name given to integrated economic-geographic systems based on the use of a given set of energy and raw-material sources.     

Methodological Problems in Economic Geography

The author uses the techniques of paleogeography and archeology to trace climatic fluctuations in inner Asia and the rise of nomadism in the 1st millennium B. C. replacing a settled mode of stock herding and agriculture. Previous papers in this series appeared in Soviet Geography, June 1964 and February 1966.     

An Evolutionary New Economic Geography Model

In this paper we present a general new economic geography model with multiple industries and regions, full labor and capital mobility, land use in production and consumption, and a dynamic adjustment process in which consumers maximize utility and firms respond to nonzero profits. All industries use intermediate inputs as well as land, labor, and capital. Systems of cities form endogenously within this framework, including asymmetrical urban hierarchies and cities of different sizes and industry compositions. Each urban area has a bid-rent gradient and zones with land uses and densities as in the von Thünen model. The equilibrium depends not only on initial conditions but also on speeds of adjustment. The model is a prototype for empirical implementation, as illustrated with a simulation of the effects of transportation cost reductions.     

A Classification of Models in Economic Geography

Models used in economic geography are classified on the basis of a general scientific classification of models which distinguishes two broad categories: ideal and material models. Ideal models are further categorized as visual, symbolic, and mathematical models, and material models as natural, physical, and mathematical models. Examples of each type are suggested. Other possible typologies of models can be devised; for example, logical, graphic, and mathematical models, representing a logical progression of scientific research. Models can be divided into general and particular models, depending on whether they treat aggregates or individual aspects. The complete model of a regional territorial-production complex would be a system of general and particular models. In terms of content, models can be classified as structural, functional, or synthetic (structural-functional) models. Finally, there could be a typology distinguishing static and dynamic models, nonoptimized and optimized models, and varying categories of prediction (models of an existing situation, planning models, predictive models).     

Teaching Economic Geography in Two Contrasting Asian Contexts: Decentering Anglo-American Economic Geography in China and Singapore

Teaching economic geography outside Anglo-American countries presents a particular pedagogical challenge, as theories and concepts developed in these countries might not be directly applicable outside their intellectual and national contexts. In this paper, the authors show how the peculiar institutional and development environments in China and Singapore have shaped the ways in which the economic geography curriculum is developed and taught in institutions of higher education. They also examine how students respond to the intellectual challenges presented to them. In their view, successful pedagogy in teaching economic geography requires a significant degree of localization of the curriculum.     

Re-emerging China and Consequences for Economic Geography

A noted specialist on the spatial dimensions of China's economy surveys questions and opportunities for economic geography raised by the re-emergence of China. He explores the ways in which the rise of China may alter economic geography's object of study (the organization of the world economy), force re-conceptualization of some fundamental concepts and theories, and affect the way the discipline conducts its work. The paper argues that cooperation of Western and Chinese scholars in forging a new economic geography is contingent on a redirected focus away from concerns relevant only to the West and the discarding of research frameworks that bracket China off from experiences in the West.