略谈临沂汉墓竹简《孙子兵法》

1972年临沂汉墓出土的竹简兵书中,以《孙子兵法》和失传一千余年的《孙膑兵法》最为珍贵。竹简残缺比较严重,《孙子兵法》只有二百余简,二千三百余字,与宋本《孙子兵法》对照,仅存三分之一强。但却发现了《吴问》、《地形二》、《黄帝伐赤帝》等不见于现存史籍的重要佚文,以及孙武以"妇人"试行列阵     

中国军事史之最

最早的军书：《孙子兵法》。春秋末期孙武著,亦称《孙子》、《吴孙子兵法》、《孙武兵法》,全书共82篇,图9卷。《孙子兵法》在世界各国享有盛誉,被称为“东方兵学鼻祖”、“五经冠冕”。     

从《孙子兵法》审视项羽巨鹿之战的致胜因素北大核心CSSCI

项羽年青时曾在项梁指导下学习过《孙子兵法》,“项梁乃教（项）籍兵法,籍大喜,略知其意,又不肯竟学”（《史记·项羽本纪》,中华书局1959年版,第296页）,于汝波指出,“古人多称《孙子兵法》为‘兵法”’,“项羽所学兵法应有《孙子兵法》”（于汝波：《孙子兵法研究史》,军事科学出版社2001年版,第59页）。项羽用兵之术亦可佐证其熟悉《孙子兵法》。陈业新评价项羽“用兵神速、以少击众和布阵严整、长于力战”（陈业新：《试论项羽兵法》,     

《孙子兵法》与市场竞争

《孙子兵法》是中华民族文化宝库里的一颗瑰宝,它所蕴藏的思想可供现代企业管理学习和借鉴。当今,美国哈佛大学管理学院和西点军校就把《孙子兵法》视作教科书让学生研读;而精明的日本人更把《孙子兵法》视作不可缺少的商战教科书,奉为最高经营教科书。在我国《孙子兵法》也日渐被人们所重视,借鉴引进到企业管理中来,很多大学己开出《孙子兵     

成都夜访“向阳人”——黄葵、李孝佩夫妇回忆干校岁月

黄葵,四川资中人。1939年生。1973年至1984年任广西大学中文系教师。曾任中共巴蜀书社党组书记、社长、总编辑,多年从事编辑、教学和科研工作。先后被聘为四川师范大学客座教授,四川大学和四川省社会科学院特约研究员,英国剑桥大学名誉研究员。参加过校点《二十四史》、《辞源》的工作。主要著述有《马援》、《孙子兵法辞典》、《基础汉字字典》、《辛弃疾词精华》、《孙子兵法》、《〈孙子兵法〉的谋略应用》等。主编《中国文化知识备要》、《四书五经》现代版、《资治通鉴》现代版等。     

浅析梅尧臣与《孙子兵法注》

梅尧臣是宋初著名诗人,其注解的《孙子兵法》简切严整,与曹操、杜牧、陈皞等名注并传后世,统称为《十一家注孙子》,成为注解孙子的名篇之一。梅氏所注《孙子兵法》结合注者时代背景,提出了爱惜民力、掌握利害、强化军队管理、积极备战等鲜明的军事思想。     

第四届“孙子兵法”国际研讨会在北京召开

由中国孙子兵法研究会主办、人民日报社事业发展局承办、美国福特基金会协办的第四届孙子兵法国际研讨会,于1998年10月19日至21日在北京举行。来自中国海峡两岸百余名、世界21个国家65名共180余名专家与学者泄聚一堂,围绕《孙子兵法》,对一系列专题进行了讨论。《孙子兵法》是中国古代春秋末期吴国名将孙武所著的一部兵书,流传至今已有2500余年。     

《孙子兵法》82篇考

《汉书·艺文志》记载,"《孙子兵法》八十二篇",而传世本、汉简本均以《孙子兵法》13篇为主干,且六朝以来,《七略》、《隋书·经籍志》、《两唐志》、《宋史·艺文志》、《明史·艺文志》、《郡斋读书志》等公私目录都不见82篇之踪影,为何《汉志》与其他文献记载出入甚大?本文认为,《汉志》所谓"《孙子兵法》八十二篇",包括本传所说之13篇,这是《经》,其余69篇中包含孙子后学累世增加而成的《传》。同时,西汉校勘书籍时有大量复本,82篇中当主要是13篇的复抄本。     

《孙子兵法》军事哲学思想研究

《孙子兵法》被称为“兵学经典”,与克劳塞维茨的《战争论》一起被称为“兵学双璧”,孙子则被称为“兵家鼻祖”。《孙子兵法》在中国军事史、军事思想史上享有崇高地位,并奠定了古代兵法的理论基础。同时它也是一部体系严密、说理透彻的军事哲学名著,在认识论和方法论上具有一般的哲学指导意义。     

《司马兵法》与《孙子兵法》“仁本”思想之比较

《司马兵法》是中国古代著名兵法著作,内容闳廓。《孙子兵法》是兵家圣典,思想深邃。《司马兵法》提倡的"杀人安人、以战止战"的战争观,"礼义为先、兼爱其民"的政治观,"敌若伤之、医药归之"的人道主义精神和《孙子兵法》阐述的"重战"、"慎战"的战争观,"安国保民"的价值取向,"上兵伐谋"的战略观,"爱卒"、"同欲"的治军之道,"善卒"、"养卒"的战俘政策都合理的运用了儒家"仁义"的思想,不同的是,《司马兵法》的"仁"借用儒家之形体,《孙子兵法》的"仁"却化用儒家之精神。     

《吴子》研究

《吴子》一书的真伪向无定论,本借助近年来出土献的研究成果,从《吴子》所反映的战争观、语言特征及其与《孙膑兵法》的关系三方面入手讨论,认为《吴子》是成书于战国末年的一部古书。     

Ben Quilty: the fog of war

ABSTRACT

This essay looks at the war paintings of Ben Quilty, who in October 2011 was stationed with Australian troops fighting against the Taliban in Afghanistan as part of Australia’s Official War Art Scheme. Quilty’s portraits, in fact made back at home in his studio after he returned, show soldiers naked, in pain, reliving traumatic episodes from their war experiences. They have been almost universally praised as providing a new and compelling image of war for those who have not experienced it themselves. We examine these portraits closely, arguing that they express a new post-modern ideology of “interpassivity”, allowing the spectator to exhibit signs of concern for soldiers, without actually doing anything to change their situation. In this we suggest that Quilty’s paintings contain a meaning that goes against the intentions of the artist and the understanding of their audience. Contrary to their dominant reading, they express something about our culture that our culture is unable to admit about itself.     

论英国与直系的关系

英国对中国的内战持中立态度,不支持包括直系在内的任何一方;在直系参战期间,英国扣留了直系的军火;英国虽然同情吴佩孚,但未向吴提供军火和经济援助;为维护英国在华权益,英国损害直系的权威;英国对包括吴佩孚在内的军阀采取的策略是“等着瞧”。不将“赌注”押在任何一派军阀身上;英国也不支持直系的另一将领孙传芳。因此,英国不是直系的后台。     

《艺文》杂志与太平洋战争——以1944年为中心

1942年1月,在伪满洲国弘报处的安排和支持下,作为日本殖民主义政权喉舌和宣传工具的《艺文》杂志发刊。至1944年6月,太平洋战争战局发生了重大的变化,为了配合南方的侵略战争,扭转颓势的战局,重新易主出版社的《艺文》杂志,其编辑方针也发生了重大的变化。     

非艺术院校艺术类学生思想道德现状及教育策略

艺术类大学生的思想道德与其他专业学生相比较有其共性,也体现出鲜明的个性特点。只有针对艺术类大学生的特点,有针对性地开展思想政治教育,才能进一步提高新时期非艺术院校艺术类学生的思想道德水平。     

Behind the Scenes with the Pen and Ink Corps! The role of the Army Pay Services during the Great War in maintaining the loyalty of the fighting soldier and preserving the social fabric of the United Kingdom

This paper explores the role of the Army Pay Services during the Great War. On the face of it this may not appear to be a major issue in the overall conduct of the War. However, the Army Pay Services, together with the expansion in depth and scope of separation and dependent’s allowances, and the employment of women resulted in a massive bureaucracy being effectively administered and managed. It is argued that the results of this maintained the loyalty of the fighting British Army and maintained the morale and social fabric of the nation.     

历史与实践:纽约大都会博物馆的中国艺术收藏

纽约大都会博物馆的中国艺术收藏已有130年的历程。其间收藏的器类始于制作精美、雅俗共赏的明清瓷器,继而扩展到玉器、金银器、珐琅器、牙雕等整个明清时代的装饰艺术,再进一步扩展到中国古代的青铜礼器、玉器、陶塑和佛教造像,并且随着西方对于中国艺术的研究的深入,观众和收藏家逐渐领略到中国书画艺术深邃的文化内涵,最终全面地了解绵延不断的中华五千年文明;其收藏历程则见证了美国,或是说西方对中国文化艺术的认知过程,收藏过程中所形成的收藏家、赞助人和博物馆业务主任成功的合作模式和经验或许可以给中国的博物馆提供有益的借鉴。     

Choosing Sides in the Global Cold War: Switzerland,Neutrality, and the Divided States of Korea and Vietnam

This article examines neutral Switzerland's recognition policy towards the divided states of Korea and Vietnam. Drawing comparisons with other neutrals, notably Austria and Sweden, allows us to assess the credibility of neutrality in the Global Cold War. All three neutrals explicitly or implicitly aimed to reinforce their neutrality through the principle of universality, which entailed the recognition of all regimes, no matter their political couleur. Yet this principle was not applied consistently, but rather pragmatically. Until the beginning of the 1970s, Switzerland, as well as Austria and Sweden, favoured the Western-oriented over the Communist halves of Korea and Vietnam. Thereby, this article argues, they undermined the credibility of neutrality. They were, however, willing to take that risk, because they feared that the recognition of North Korea and North Vietnam could irritate the United States, and provoke East German claims for recognition, which was undesirable due to the Hallstein doctrine and West Germany's economic weight. It was only with the rise of the Third World as a political force, and the softening of the US position that the neutrals, which saw themselves in competition with each other for status and influence, eventually recognised North Korea and North Vietnam.     

War and city size: The asymmetric effects of the Spanish Civil War

Populations are affected by shocks of different kinds, and wars, a priori, may be among the most prominent. This article studies the effect of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) shock on the distribution of population, especially on cities. One of the main contributions of this study is that it underlines the importance of distinguishing between winning and losing sides, an aspect which until now has been largely overlooked. While previous research on war shocks has also tended to be concerned with inter-state wars, this paper concentrates on a civil war. We take advantage of a new, long-term, annual data set. Our results show that, overall, the Spanish Civil War did not have a significant effect on city growth. However, we also find a significant and negative effect in the growth of cities that aligned themselves with the losing side. These results are robust to heterogeneity in the effect of the war shock, measured as war severity and duration. Although short lived, the temporary effect on growth results in a permanent effect on the size of cities on the losing side.     

大都会艺术博物馆教育工作述评

全文结合笔者对国内外博物馆教育工作的理解,对大都会博物馆的教育理念、教育资源、教育活动以及教育工作的统计数据进行了介绍与评析,认为大都会博物馆在教育理念为先、教育体系完善、教育以人为本以及注重基础数据的统计与研究等方面,都值得国内博物馆教育工作参考借鉴.