关于晋文化的概念问题

考古学上晋文化概念的提出,最早见于邹衡先生执笔的《晋豫鄂三省考古调查简报》,刊于《文物》1982年第7期,后又收入邹衡先生的《夏商周考古学论文集》(续集)。该文利用时有的考古材料对天马一曲村晋文化遗址作了分期研究,将晋文化按年代顺序初步分成了八段,并对各段相应的年代作了推测。在此基础之上,对晋国始封地和晋国早期都邑作了开创性的探讨。     

日本解决能源问题的对策和启示

长期以来。世界石油能源的需求和价格节节攀升,对进口石油的国家经济形成巨大冲击。全部石油依赖进口的工业国日本却较半稳地度过了以往石油紧张和涨价的冲击,其解决能源问题的一系列对策和具体措施的成功经验很有借鉴意义。尤其是日本在开发脱石油化新能源方面的努力和成效对中国的新能源开发有很大启示作用。     

The Concept of the Unity of Geography in the Solution of Basic Problems of Geography

The author, a supporter of the unity of geography, calls for integrated geographic research as the only method by which geography can make its contribution to the planning of economic development. Only such an integrated approach, he says, can raise geography from its present “second-rate” position among the sciences to the forefront of scientific contributions to the national program of building a Communist society.     

科学发展观与科学改革观

从逻辑延伸、决策意图、落实机制以及社会反应等方面可以看出,科学发展观呼唤科学改革观;科学发展观从历史观、价值观以及方法论等方面规范着科学改革观;以科学发展观为依据,科学改革观要经得住历史与现实、公平与效率、国计与民生以及“普适”与“特色”几个维度的检验。     

"中商文化"概念的意义及其相关问题

所谓中商文化就是商代中期文化。将商代的考古学文化划分为早、中、晚三个时期,早在 20世纪50年代末60年代初就已开始,但那个时候的早商文化,指的是洛达庙期(即二里头期) 文化,中商文化指的是二里冈期文化,晚商文化指的是殷墟期文化。当时还将成汤居亳到盘庚迁     

Ethics and Energy

Abstract

Moral judgements are not easy to make in an age of technological complexity particularly if it is difficult to know all the facts accurately. However, it is possible to state the ethical considerations underlying the global energy problem and to point to possible solutions in the short, medium and long term. The nuclear option is considered in some detail and it is concluded that the procedures of deciding risks should be based on dialogue and mutual education.     

列宁的发展学说与科学发展观

马克思主义发展学说也就是马克思主义的唯物辩证法。从发展观的角度概括和思考唯物辩证法始于列宁。列宁用＂发展观＂、＂发展学说＂、＂发展观念＂来表达和阐明唯物辩证法,系统地研究了马克思主义发展学说的基本内容与特点,正是这些理论构成了科学发展观的理论基础。     

Origins of the Creutzfeldt and Jakob Concept

A review of the publications of Hans Creutzfeldt and Alfons Jakob pertaining to the concept which bears their name (CJD) reveals that they described a neuropathological syndrome and were opposed to its classi- fication as a neurological disease. The evidence on which Creutzfeldt and Jakob based their view is reevaluated, and studies by other workers are cited in which a range of environmental and genetic factors generated the CJ syndrome, challenging the proposition that CJD is a disease with a single cause..     

The Concept of Community

G. Reichel‐Dolmatoff. Beyond the Milky Way: Hallucinatory Imagery of the Tukano Indians. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1978. x + 159 pp. Index, illustrations. $25.00, cloth.

Richard Evans Schultes and Albert Hofmann. Plants of the Gods: Origins of Hallucinogenic Use. New York: McGraw‐Hill, 1979.192 pp. Index, illustrations. $34.95, cloth.

R. Gordon Wasson. The Wondrous Mushroom: Mycolatry in Mesoamerica. New York: McGraw‐Hill, 1980. xxvi + 248 pp. Index, illustrations. $12.95, paper.     

Problems and propositions

George Casper Homans. Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. Rev. ed. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1974. xi + 386 pp. Figures, tables, references, and index. $11.95.     

Geothermal fluids circulation at Caldas do Moledo area, Northern Portugal: geochemical and isotopic signatures

A hydrogeological conceptual model of the Caldas do Moledo geothermal site is proposed that shows mixing between geothermal waters and local shallow groundwaters. Stable isotope values of Caldas do Moledo geothermal waters indicate recharge areas located at relatively high altitudes (850–1250 m a.s.l.). The NW–SE Vigo–Régua shear zone plays an important role in fluid recharge and circulation towards the NNE–SSW Régua–Verin fault system, forming a path for ascent of geothermal fluids. The apparent ¹⁴C age of geothermal fluids (15.66 ± 2.86 ka BP) was estimated in the total dissolved inorganic carbon (TDIC). Geothermometer calculations indicate that, assuming a conductive temperature gradient of 32°C per kilometer for northern Portugal, the maximum depth of circulation is roughly 1.8 ± 0.4 km. The K, Ca and SO₄ concentrations found in some Caldas do Moledo geothermal spring waters show mixing between deep geothermal and shallow groundwater systems. Local shallow groundwaters showing the highest SO₄ concentrations were found at low elevation areas, originating from fertilisers and pesticides applied to the Port wine vineyards in the Douro River valley. Geothermal waters from boreholes AC1 and AC2 do not show evidences of direct pollution from the spreading of such agrochemicals.     

NATO's evolving purposes and the next Strategic Concept

Is there a conflict between the Alliance's original and enduring purpose of collective defence and its post‐Cold War crisis management functions? This is an ill‐framed debate, because the home base must be secure in order to support expeditionary power projection. The allies have, moreover, moved away from a static, reactive, and territorial concept of collective defence towards a more ‘proactive’ and ‘anticipatory’ approach. Some experts have even referred to a ‘deterritorialization’ of collective defence. Other issues also illustrate the changing dimensions of collective defence—missile defence, cyber warfare, space operations, the risk of state‐sponsored terrorism involving weapons of mass destruction, political–military dynamics in the Middle East and the Asia–Pacific region, and the risk of a non‐Article 5 operation becoming a collective defence contingency. Despite disagreements on how to pursue shared goals, the allies may yet demonstrate that they have the vision and political will to meet the new challenges. The question of the Alliance's ‘level of ambition’ in capabilities is inseparable from that of its agreed purposes and burden‐sharing to achieve them.     

Nietzsche and the Stoic Concept of Recentes Opiniones

In the context of the well-established importance of Nietzsche’s engagement with Stoic thought for his work as a whole, this article seeks to make two claims. First, that the Mausoleum reference in Lecture 4 of “On the Future of Our Educational Institutions” constitutes a substantial engagement with the Stoic doctrine of recentes opiniones as presented in Cicero’s Tusculan Disputations; and second, that this reference taken in its textual and intertextual context, constitutes a critique of the Stoic views of time and of the relationship of nature and culture. In so doing, the article seeks to contribute to the wider issues of Nietzsche’s views on naturalism, fatalism, desirability, and culture.     

Agroforestry Land Use: The Concept and Practice

In Australia, the term ‘agroforestry’ is understood in a variety of ways. Although it has often been used to describe land use characterised by productive trees over pasture this is only one form of agroforestry. Recently, more expansive interpretations have arisen in which the term is seen as synomonous with ‘trees-on-farms’, and in some instances, rural forestation in general. This paper attempts to clarify the nature of agroforestry and stimulate interest in a potentially important rural land use.     

论乡村旅游的概念和类型

在前人的基础上,提出乡村旅游的概念,并对其进行分类.