惊心动魄 闯入神农架原始森林

神农架属于秦岭东延部分,平均海拔在千米以上,它的主峰"大神农架"海拔3045米,有"华中第一峰"之称。这里到处古树参天,除常见的冷杉、华山松和桦树、栎树外,还有珍贵的紫荆、青檀和香果树。尤其是药用植物,竟有1200种之多,令人叹为观止。更令人感兴趣的是,在这片人迹罕至的大森林里,还活跃着熊、野猪、水獭、麝獐、灰羚、金钱豹等珍禽异兽的身影,堪称"野生动物王国"。     

寻秘藏地之“蝠”

从SARS到MERS,再到新型冠状病毒,果子狸、骆驼、竹鼠、獾、蛇、水貂、穿山甲……一个个地被确认或怀疑为病毒的中间宿主,而这些新发病毒的储存宿主或天然宿主,却指向了同_个目标蝙蝠。蝙蝠曾是中华民族喜闻乐见的吉祥符号,在中国古代,享有其他动物无可比拟的尊荣。     

Variety and Adventure in the Life of Carl Linden

Abstract

In his long life Carl Linden lived variously and wonderfully. For more than half a century he was a teacher and promoter of Great Books in the classroom and in the neighborhood. Great Books in his hands and mind transformed him into a kind of latter-day Socrates, always questioning, always smiling, sometimes teasingly. As a naturalist he was a hiker/biker on the C&O Canal towpath and promoter of it, as well. His scholarly pursuits took him to Eastern Europe, especially to Russia and Ukraine, about which he wrote and taught for four decades. Finally, he was a bon vivant whose Socratic ways won him laurels in the classroom and friends in the places where good fellows meet.     

《温阿蒙历险记》译注

《温阿蒙历险记》出土于埃及埃尔·凯本赫地区,以新埃及语文体写于两张纸草之上。文献写成于古埃及二十王朝末期,主要讲述了底比斯高级祭司温阿蒙被派往毕布罗斯购买制造太阳船的雪松木材的历险经历。温阿蒙一路历经艰难,先是货款在德尔城被偷,购买木材时又被毕布罗斯王公拒绝,最后还被腓尼基城市通缉,被迫逃亡塞浦路斯。尽管如此,他每次都凭着机智过人和能言善辩化险为夷。本故事发生于古埃及国力由盛转衰的关键时期,这就让本文成为了研究新王国末期和第三中间期早期古埃及内政、外交、海外贸易的重要材料。《温阿蒙历险记》根据伽丁纳尔的象形文字临摹本译出,同时依照文献内容并结合相关历史史实,作了适当的注释和分析。     

Selling Paradise and Adventure: Representations of Landscape in the Tourist Advertising

The representation of Australia is explored in the visual and verbal texts of the Australian Tourist Commission's 1992 international advertising campaigns. The advertisements employed representations of Australian landscape to signify tourists' desires for either paradise or adventure. By providing the potential visitor with a range of cultural tools enabling the construction of fantasy, meaning, and identity, these advertisements attempt to attract international tourists. My critical reading suggests that these representations of landscape help maintain a myth of Australian national identity originating from oppressive colonial and patriarchal relations. These representations are not only regressive but conflict with articulations of national identity emanating from other Australian institutions.     

道器之间:近代以来"科学"观念嬗变与博物馆智识拓展

"科学"作为近代以来中国思想与社会变迁的关键观念,不仅具有知识本位的特征,也具有社会属性.科学观念的更迭与中国近现代社会结构和思想意识的转型发展相伴始终.科学观念的演进特点也折射到同时期博物馆智识范式的形成过程中,博物馆内的"科学"并非一种扁平化的知识体系,而是存在着多线发展的智识传统,科学形态对博物馆的影响也无法绝缘于社会文化政治情境之外.中国博物馆智识的发展在一定程度上体现为科学观念在知识与社会两个维度上的相互影响.     

The Weddell centenary and the problems of Antarctica

Most of the new industries established in Northern Ireland since 1945 have followed the traditional pattern of concentrating in the Belfast region. This has created serious problems in the remote rural fringes of the Province. To stimulate local initiative in these areas a Local Enterprise Development Unit (LEDU) was set up in 1971 aimed particularly at encouraging small manufacturing firms. Grants, loans, small factories and advice are made available to help small enterprises at all stages of growth and development. The scheme has had some notable successes but the level of local initiative has been disappointing and since 1974 the unstable political situation has reduced the amount of aid distributed and the number of jobs created.     

Archaeology in Antarctica: Nineteenth-Century Capitalism Expansion Strategies

Antarctica was the last continent to be discovered in the early nineteenth century. In order to become acquainted with the process of incorporation of Antarctica to the scope of the capitalist system we have focused on particularity: i.e., specific economic and technological and ideological aspects of everyday life in sealer camps spread along the coastline of the South Shetland Islands. Archaeological research in Byers Peninsula–Livingston Island provides an approach to the mechanisms implemented to organize the first resource exploitation in these lands.     

The IGY and the ice sheet: surveying Antarctica

This paper considers the significance of the International Geophysical Year (IGY) for the development of new knowledge of the shape of the Antarctic bed surface and the ice sheet that covers it. It also situates the Antarctic geophysical work done during the IGY within a longer history that begins in the immediate post-WWII period and extends up to the 1970s. The paper pays particular attention to the US IGY seismic traverses, which were the centrepiece of US IGY activities in Antarctica. We argue that these traverses should be understood as part of a broader set of geopolitical, military and governmental strategies that the USA pursued through the IGY and afterwards. In this sense we agree with other students of Cold War science who suggest that the IGY was far from being the beginning of the end for geopolitics in Antarctica. Instead we demonstrate that US scientific activities in Antarctica during the IGY and after were a form of geopolitics in themselves.     

The Great Game in Antarctica: Britain and the 1959 Antarctic Treaty

This article is concerned with Britain's political and territorial interests in the Antarctic in the first half of the twentieth century, culminating in the signing of the 1959 Antarctic Treaty. Using in part the diaries of a Foreign Office advisor, Dr Brian Roberts, attention is given as to how successive British governments and their officials sustained a presence in the remote polar continent. Rival claimants in the form of Argentina and Chile made the task all the more difficult. Mapping and surveying were essential in maintaining British sovereignty even if the end results were at times disappointing. The article concludes by suggesting that the Antarctic Treaty, while important in promoting international scientific collaboration, did not manage to resolve the political and territorial disputes surrounding the Antarctic. Arguably, the 1982 Falklands War and its aftermath provided a vivid reminder that Britain's most southerly possessions still remain deeply contested.     

Intellectual voyages in the South seas

Sahlins, Marshall. Islands of History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985. xix + 180 pp. including bibliography and index. $22.50 cloth.