古代香港树皮布文化发现及其意义浅释

环珠江口一带的大湾文化中发现的树皮布石拍是中国大陆目前所知唯一年代最早,可靠性最强的与树皮布技术相关的资料。环珠江口树皮布文化很可能是全球树皮布文化的源头。     

史前武器及其军事学意义考察

战争是人类特有的一种社会文化现象,且往往与社会政治联系在一起。随着考古发现不断增多和研究工作日渐深入,在相关问题如文明起源与形成等问题的讨论过程中,人们也普遍开始注意到战争对文化和社会发展的影响作用。然而,迄今在史前战争以及武器与战争的具体关系等方面,尚未取得明显进展,有待深入讨论。本文拟就史前武器及其与战争的内在联系进行一些初步的探讨。     

浅论盘古文化与盘瓠文化关系及其在岭南融合

论文通过对盘古、盘瓠神话及其文化对比 ,认为盘古是汉族一种自然神图腾崇拜 ,反映农耕文化特质 ;而源于人与犬婚配的盘瓠 ,是瑶、畲等少数民族祖先神图腾崇拜 ,反映狩猎和游耕文化特质。随着民族杂居往来和道教兴起 ,两种文化在岭南交流、融合 ,最终发展为岭南文化一部分 ,也体现了中华民族多元一体文化格局艰辛凝聚过程。     

南方史前文化的发展及其意义

中国南方地区北接黄河流域,南连东南亚,处于东亚的中心部位.这里地域辽阔,地势西高东低,西部有云贵高原,东部有南岭横亘其间,将整个区域分隔为长江中下游、华南和西南三个大的自然地理单元.而南岭又是南方地区的气候分界线和敏感带.因此使得南方地区的地理环境多种多样,但气候却比较稳定.由于这里早期的历史在一向以华夏地区为中心的传统文献中疏于记载,致使过去一般认为南方地区成为中国的经济重心是在唐宋以后,也因此牵累到南方地区史前史在国史乃至东亚历史上的地位一直没有得到足够的重视和研究.这种情况直到近三十年来在田野考古的不断推动下才有所改变.中国南方地区过去数十年特别是最近三十年的发现、发掘和研究成果取得了巨大成就,极大地改变我们对于南方、中国乃至东亚地区史前历史的看法.尽管这些成果及其在史前历史中的意义还在不断地被揭示当中,但仅就目前的认识来看,是无论如何评价都不为过的.     

明清时期岭南少数民族的婚俗文化

明清岭南地区 ,聚居了瑶、壮、黎等少数民族 ,其婚俗文化内容 ,丰富多彩 ,从一个侧面反映了岭南少数民族社会文明文化的历史发展过程。本文利用有关历史文献资料以及民族学材料 ,试图从宏观上对明清时期岭南各少数民族的婚俗文化所表现的共性与特点进行探讨 ,以归纳总结岭南少数民族婚俗文化的特色与发展规律 ,对于婚俗文化的形成与社会及自然的关系也作了论述 ,为当前如何进一步推动民族文明文化的发展 ,提供历史借鉴     

南方史前文化的发展及其意义——代“史前文化”专栏主持辞

中国南方地区北接黄河流域,南连东南亚,处于东亚的中心部位。这里地域辽阔,地势西高东低,西部有云贵高原,东部有南岭横亘其间,将整个区域分隔为长江中下游、华南和西南三个大的自然地理单元。而南岭又是南方地区的气候分界线和敏感带。因此使得南方地区的地理环境多种多样,但气     

岭南腰坑葬及其族属研究

春秋战国到秦汉时期,岭南地区腰坑葬俗经历了由出现到兴盛再到消失的过程。本文通过对岭南腰坑葬的分布区域、基本特征、典型器物等的研究,认为腰坑葬俗在岭南地区的盛行期在秦到西汉初期。盛行的主要原因是汉、越两种文化的冲突过程中,岭南越文化的凸显。腰坑葬的族属为西瓯,并认为南越是一个政治概念,而非族称。     

明代中后期岭南的地方社会与家族文化

本文讨论家族文化对岭南地方社会的影响 ,指出明中叶家族文化在地方上的发展一方面是儒家文化对基层社会渗透的结果 ,另一方面也是嘉靖年间在“大礼议”问题激起民间修祠祭祖之风的影响下 ,岭南庶民土著利用国家认可的伦理规范来确立血缘和地缘组织合法性的过程。虽然庶民宗族到了 18、 19世纪才趋于普遍 ,广东宗族社会在 18世纪才逐渐成型 ,但在 16世纪 ,岭南庶民及土著的造族活动已经开始。时士大夫所建构的家族已成为地方族群用以提高其身分地位的文化资源 ,民间造族活动开展的契机遂在这种情况下形成 ,而岭南家族社会的雏形也在珠江三角洲开始出现。     

岭南画派的划时代意义

今年是辛亥革命一百周年,每天在媒体上都会看到各种纪念文章和它有关的故事。如果说推翻帝制建立共和是一场制度性的革命,那么伴随的新文化运动是一场意识形态的革命。这些都使人联想到参加这场伟大革命者们有着不同的命运。岭南画派的主将高剑父、陈树人都是同盟会的会员,正是这场革命使他们具备了创立新文化的变革意识。     

岭南地区汉代陶囤研究

岭南地区汉墓出土陶囤的作用是存储未脱壳的粮食,其根据盖顶的不同可分为两型,岭南地区陶囤最早见于西汉中期,当时仅出土于南海郡,根据墓葬和其自身特点,可将岭南地区陶囤年代从西汉中期至东汉晚期分为五期。     

台湾地区树皮布石拍初探

台湾地区25处遗址出土为数不少树皮布石拍,年代在距今3500年前后。台湾地区石拍为中国大陆树皮布文化的一分支,其来源与菲律宾和印支半岛有密切的关系。     

Shifting Constellations of Actors and Their Influence on Policy Diffusion: A Study of the Diffusion of Drug Courts

The existing studies of policy diffusion have paid insufficient attention to how policy actors in the macroenvironment of local jurisdictions influence the process of policy diffusion, what kind of mechanisms drive the interdependent spread of a policy, and how the diffusion process changes over time. We explore, both theoretically and empirically, the role different go‐betweens can play in policy diffusion, what kind of interactions take place between the micro level and macro level, and how shifts in the constellations of actors in the macroenvironment of a local jurisdiction can influence the mechanisms and rate of policy diffusion. Our empirical study of the diffusion of drug courts in four U.S. states demonstrates that there can indeed be significant interactions between the micro level and the macro level and that these interactions are likely to shape the diffusion process.     

岭南地区家养黄牛起源问题初探

岭南地区家养黄牛起源问题的研究具有重要的学术意义。本文从动物考古学的角度出发,通过骨骼形态、测量数据、考古现象以及区域动物群的对比和分析,对岭南地区家养黄牛的起源时间、模式和动因等问题进行探讨,得出家养黄牛最迟于南越国时期从北方传入岭南地区。     

考古学文化的传播与迁徙

文化传播和迁徙是导致考古学文化变迁的重要因素.我们既要审慎地对待考古学文化传播与迁徙的复杂状况,对具体问题作出具体的分析;又要从大量存在的文化传播和迁徙的历史事实中尽可能总结出一些普遍性和规律性的模式,并不断丰富和完善这些模式.     

口岸城市入境旅游流空间扩散路径实证研究——以上海市为例

本研究以东部典型入境口岸城市上海为研究对象,以市场调查资料为数据来源,从节点、方向及路径三个角度研究上海市入境旅游流的路径转移扩散规律。研究结果显示,以上海作为入境1：7岸的入境旅游流扩散人次排前十的节点城市依次为：北京、西安、杭州、成都、南京、桂林、广州、昆明、苏州、深圳;按照旅游流扩散方向可将入境旅游流扩散方向分为四类：北向、南向、西北向和西南向,并在每个方向上分别归纳出4条扩散路径,其中上海→北京→西安这→路径人数比例最高,上海→成都→西安→北京次之,上海→西安→北京处于第三位;同时研究显示,入境旅游流的扩散存在着路径依赖及路径依赖锁定现象。     

Diffusion and kinetic control of weathering layer development

The formation of porous weathering rinds (layers of chemical alteration) on the exterior of rocks is a consequence of dissolution and precipitation of minerals occurring at the mineral–fluid interface within the pores. The speed at which the developed rind advances is controlled by both kinetic reaction rates and the transport of reaction products away from the pore spaces into the outside fluid. We show, using both reaction‐diffusion theory and numerics, that under diffusion limitations, the weathering rate depends on the size and curvature of the sample. This leads to a relationship between rind thickness, δ, and age, t. As the rind thickens, the result in three dimensions differs substantially from the one‐dimensional result of . We describe the conditions under which the one‐dimensional and diffusion‐limited approximations apply and how they evolve as the rock weathers. Under chemical kinetic limitations, the rind advances at a constant rate, dδ/dt = v. We defend the application of a spherical approximation to irregular non‐spherical rocks and apply our results to field observations reported in the literature to show consistency with established methods. Finally, we argue that the variability in size, as well as in mineralogy, over ensembles of grains contributes to heterogeneous weathering rates. We demonstrate that this heterogeneity can contribute to the aging, or gradual decrease with time, of weathering rates previously observed in laboratory and field measurements.     

SPID: A New Database for Inferring Public Policy Innovativeness and Diffusion Networks

Despite its rich tradition, there are key limitations to researchers' ability to make generalizable inferences about state policy innovation and diffusion. This paper introduces new data and methods to move from empirical analyses of single policies to the analysis of comprehensive populations of policies and rigorously inferred diffusion networks. We have gathered policy adoption data appropriate for estimating policy innovativeness and tracing diffusion ties in a targeted manner (e.g., by policy domain, time period, or policy type) and extended the development of methods necessary to accurately and efficiently infer those ties. Our state policy innovation and diffusion (SPID) database includes 728 different policies coded by topic area. We provide an overview of this new dataset and illustrate two key uses: (i) static and dynamic innovativeness measures and (ii) latent diffusion networks that capture common pathways of diffusion between states across policies. The scope of the data allows us to compare patterns in both across policy topic areas. We conclude that these new resources will enable researchers to empirically investigate classes of questions that were difficult or impossible to study previously, but whose roots go back to the origins of the political science policy innovation and diffusion literature.     

Qualitative Methods for the Study of Policy Diffusion: Challenges and Available Solutions

This article deals with the question whether and how processes of policy diffusion can be examined with qualitative methods. More specifically, how can qualitative methods address the “twin challenge of interdependence,” namely the challenge to identify diffusion, on the one hand, and the challenge to discriminate between mechanisms of diffusion, on the other? I argue, first, that there are three distinct qualitative techniques that can be used, namely cross‐case analysis (often based on systematic case selection), within‐case process tracing, and counterfactual reasoning. I demonstrate how these techniques can be adapted to the study of policy diffusion. Second, a combination of these methods is the best practice, since they are largely complementary in terms of the twin challenge of diffusion. The discussion draws on numerous illustrations from recent qualitative policy diffusion studies. The article closes with some suggestions for further methodological development in the study of policy diffusion, including the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods.