遗产学视角下的“遗产”讨论

遗产学或遗产旅游学的"遗产"名称来源于一般生活常规的"遗产"名称,实物形态为财产,两者之间既有相同及重迭的部分,又有不同的特征。遗产学或遗产旅游学并不仅仅着眼于其权属、经济价值和使用价值,而是着眼于遗产的历史、艺术、科学和审美等文化价值,关注遗产的保护和传承,从不同的视角和标准可对遗产作不同的分级和分类。遗产学专家的长期论证表明,"遗产"一词较为贴近遗产学或遗产旅游学学科的特点和研究的对象。     

The Utility of Discourse Analysis to Heritage Studies: The Burra Charter and Social Inclusion

This paper reviews the methodological utility of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) in heritage studies. Using the Burra Charter as a case study we argue that the way we talk, write and otherwise represent heritage both constitutes and is constituted by the operation of a dominant discourse. In identifying the discursive construction of heritage, the paper argues we may reveal competing and conflicting discourses and the power relations that underpin the power/knowledge relations between expertise and community interests. This identification presents an opportunity for the resolution of conflicts and ambiguities in the pursuit of equitable dialogues and social inclusion.     

中国“文化遗产学”研究文献综述

21世纪初至今,文化遗产的概念日渐为国人所认识、接受并实践,与此同时,文化遗产学的建构不断为学者、业者所关注与探讨,蔡达峰、潘如丹、曹兵武、杨志刚、苑利、孙华、贺云翱、李志超、彭兆荣、徐嵩龄、李军、张廷皓等专家学者发表了诸多论著,探讨了文化遗产学的学科体系、学科性质、研究对象、研究方法以及文化遗产的概念、文化遗产的保护等,有效推动了文化遗产学的学科建设与理论体系的构建。     

Heritage Void and the Void as Heritage

This paper is an analysis of practices in the heritage field that I call heritagization, de-heritagization and re-heritagization. I use the case of the destruction of the Buddha statues in the Bamiyan valley of Afghanistan to analyze these processes in a Lacanian theoretical framework. In the course of my argument, I provide elements of the history of destruction of the two statues, as well as of attempts to reconstruct them. Different kinds of discourses that accompanied these processes form another part of my contribution. Finally, I discuss the ‘problem’ of the heritage voids by emphasizing emerging collective desires to replenish them.     

文化遗产保护学科建设现状与思考

以文化遗产保护为研究对象和学科体系的文化遗产保护学,具备学科建设的各种要素,但现有学科现状不能满足文化遗产保护事业发展需要,而明确学科地位,处理好其他相关学科与文化遗产保护学的关系,加强建设学科队伍和科研建设是文化遗产保护学科建设的基本途径。     

The Industrial Heritage in Japan

Abstract

Although Japan had begun to learn Western technology from the mid-sixteenth century, it was immediately before the Meiji Restoration in 1868 that the imminent necessity of industrialization was realized by a few farsighted leaders of some feudal clans. Thereafter, her industrialization made rapid progress down to the time of World War II, when much industrial equipment was lost in the massive air-raids.

The loss of her pre-war plants was further aggravated by the extensive renewal of old-fashioned buildings and machines, carried out during the period of her economic growth in the 1960s. This paper attemps to describe how the surviving industrial monuments from several representative sections of industry are preserved either on site or in museums, and how their study has recently been taken up in Japan.     

Contemporary Studies of the Science of Hadith

Book reviewed in this article: Hadith Literature: Its Origin, Development and Special Features: Muhammed Zudayr Siddiqi An Introduction to the Hadith: John Burton     

非物质文化遗产学学科建设的若干问题

近年来,非物质文化遗产学学科建设渐入学界视野.非遗保护应该"原汁原味",又要"活态传承".中国拥有丰富的非遗资源,而既有学科又无法为非遗保护提供强有力的学术支持.作为一门新学,非遗学不仅具有百年以上的学术积淀、十余年的教学实践,而且还具有与其他学科完全不同的学术视角与视野以及独特而完整的理论框架.这一切,都为非遗学的诞...     

世界遗产:人和遗产的关系变革

纵观1978年以来《世界遗产名录》的变化轨迹,可以清晰地看到世界遗产事业发展所走过的道路:从精英阶层的遗产到平民百姓的遗产;从人类征服自然的杰作到人与自然和谐共生的产物;从单一文化的代表到文化交流和交融的成果;从单点小规模遗产到跨区域跨国境巨尺度遗产;从古代遗产到现代遗产;从静态遗产到活态遗产.这种发展还反映在全社会对遗产关注点的变化,即:从关注遗产点的时代断代到关注遗产点在整个历史进程中的地位、作用及影响;从关注文化到关注文化与自然的互动;从关注物质遗产到关注物质与非物质遗产共生:从关注物质遗存到关注物质遗存与社会和人的关系;从关注利益相关者的权益到关注全民参与保护,保护惠及民生的实践.这种认识上的发展体现了"以人为本"的精神,也体现出遗产保护与当地社会发展的和谐共进.     

世界遗产在欧洲

正有人说,欧洲是五彩的;也有人说,欧洲是纯色的,不关文化,只是那片土地,诚然如此。事实上,欧洲的生活既生动又深静,每一座城市在现代化中都保留着神奇瑰丽的宝贵遗产,在流光溢彩中变幻着独特的风情。↑哥伦布纪念塔位于西班牙巴塞罗那市,是为纪念西班牙开启航海霸权的探险家哥伦布而建的,顶上是哥伦布的雕像,他面朝美洲新大陆方向,昭示着大航海时代的峥     

“地域—文化”遗产调研的基本方向

文化遗产调查的内容和应当追问的问题对于遗产管理具有重要的意义,如对于文化遗产本身的景观分布范围、社会原生背景、使用和改用状况以及对于反映人地关系和遗产压力等方面因素进行的分析,都是对遗产进行评估和处理的依据来源,这些调查内容都应被视为对遗址进行管理的基本参数来源,也是对遗址进行规划的基础。我国目前的遗产实践中尚存在遗产调查上的缺陷,主要表现为遗产调查简单化和离散化,对于遗产调查的细化和整合是亟需解决的方法论问题,特别是对于遗产范围的认定、遗产与现代社会的关系以及遗产本身的背景和现实处境都缺乏具有针对性的调查手段。这些问题成为遗产保护和利用的较大的障碍,而解决的途径应当是改进遗产调查模式。