考古学与民族学视野中的酋邦

“酋邦”这个术语是用来研究非国家社会的社会复杂化。尽管进化类型学受到尖锐的批判,但酋邦概念和相关阐述为理解集中决策等级制和社会不平等发展的演化比较研究提供了一个框架。在过去十年间,我们对酋邦的理解因大量历史学和考古学研究而发生了根本的改变。研究方式已经不再是将社会分类为酋邦与否,而是转而考量可见变化的原因。     

形象与想象:柏林的都市民族学

<正>首先,我想向各位介绍一下我的两个"家园":一个是我的学术"家园",即欧洲民族学,另一个是我的"家园"城市柏林。我希望这些有关柏林以及我和同事们在那里的工作的概述,能够给大家一些关于我们所说的"都市民族学"的印象。都市民族学这一领域,也是我目前为数不多的"户外"研究范围中的一项工作,它能够使我获得几个小时的时间,得以逃离书桌和各种行政事务。     

Traces of History and Ethnology in the Local Names in Gloucestershire

In the summer of 1996, excavations outside the Chapter House at Worcester Cathedral revealed a chamber filled with animal bones and a considerable quantity of artefacts. Analysis of this material suggests that this deposit constituted the remains of one or more high status meals, probably a feast, which were disposed of in the seventeenth century. These archaeological findings are supported and amplified by the extensive documentary evidence, which not only includes historical anecdotes but also primary source material. In combination, the historical and zooarchaeological evidence sheds light not only upon the feasting practice of the ecclesiastics at Worcester, but also on the condition of the Cathedral at the end of the seventeenth century in the aftermath of the Civil War.     

罗斯福政府印度支那政策评析(1941-1945)

本文力图通过对罗斯福政府在印度支那问题上持有何种立场及其为此采取了哪些措施,以及这些措施产生了多大作用的考察,来全面揭示罗斯福政府的印度支那政策及其同日后美国的"越战悲剧"之间的关系。     

Traces of History and Ethnology in the Local Names of Gloucestershire

Aspects of burial custom in Roman Britain which seem to be influenced by Roman ideas include burials found accompanied by coins, eggs, charcoal, phials, which once contained perfume, and ritual objects, such as jugs and pateras. The implications of these customs are considered together with the significance of symbolism displayed on tombstones. Discussion of funerary ritual, as it might have been practised in Roman Britain, includes the portrayal of the funerary banquets on tombstones. It is concluded, on the evidence available, that burial custom, like religious thought, was a matter of personal choice, partly because the Romans did not attempt to prescribe funerary practice, except in the law relating to the positioning of cemeteries, and partly because of the strong influence of Celtic religious belief surviving in Roman Britain.