磁山文化分布范围探析

磁山文化是在太行山东麓地区发现的较重要的原始文化,关于这一考古学文化的分布范围较少学者详述。本文在回顾了磁山文化分布范围的研究史和对与磁山文化同时期的考古学遗存进行文化因素分析的基础上认为,磁山文化是一相对单纯并特征明显的考古学文化,其分布范围主要只集中在冀南地区的河流域,而分布在冀中地区拒马河、大清河流域的一些与磁山文化相似的遗存不属于磁山文化范畴之内。磁山文化分布特点也成为太行山东麓地区史前文化自始至终未形成独立的、连续发展的文化区的最初表象之一。     

唐宋开封的气候和自然灾害

6至 10世纪处在中华 5 0 0 0年气候变迁过程中的第三个温暖期 ,开封的温暖气候从隋唐经五代 ,一直持续到北宋初年。公元 10 0 0年左右 ,开封气候转寒。与气候的前后变化相伴随 ,唐宋开封的水、旱、蝗、风沙等自然灾害也不断出现 ,但这些灾害并不能从根本上改变温湿的总体气候特征。     

从三星堆到金沙村--成都平原青铜文化研究札记

金沙村所出礼器同时也是用以进行宗教活动的法器，商周时期成都平原“政教不分”的宗法制统治秩序业已形成，金沙村遗址具有典型的政教不分化特质。在今成都市西郊形成了以金沙村——黄忠村为轴心的颇具特色的聚落体系，以两为核心各自具有独特的功能。从三星堆到金沙村是同一化内的两个中心间的转移，内在动力是明中心所在地环境的变迁与选择和对更为广阔的资源和财富的向往，这种中心的转移并没有使古蜀明的传统中断或发生转移。     

我们能为民俗做点什么?

民俗是民族的、地方的人群社会文化一个不能缺少的部分。完全没有它,人们是难以生存和发展的。——钟敬文当人们春节穿起盘花对襟的中式装,挂灯笼,逛庙会,看拉洋片时;当人们假期走出家门参加民俗游,从具有鲜明地方特色的民风民俗中感知深远的民族文明时;当人们在媒体上频频看到有关民族文化的种种普及节目,发现自己在这方面竟然是那样的无知时……我们不禁由衷地慨叹,那些已经被遗忘了很多年的民族传统习俗回来了。     

Notes on Pomanders

During 1984–85 an area of over 1,500 square metres was excavated on Hartlepool Headland (NZ 528 336) by Cleveland County Archaeology Section. This is the second part of the report on that work, the first, covering the Anglo-Saxon monastic occupation was published in Archaeol. J., 145, henceforth referred to as Daniels 1988b. Following Anglo-Saxon occupation, cultivation took place on the site, to be succeeded in the late eleventh or early twelfth centuries by the establishment of two properties. An earthfast timber building was sited at the front of the northern property, parallel with and probably on the frontage. Behind the building the area was subdivided by a sequence of fence lines and there were indications of cultivation. This phase of occupation ceased with some evidence that the building had burnt down. In the mid-thirteenth century the boundary between the two properties was re-established with a small house (Building III) being built in the southern property. In the northern property three buildings (II, IV, and V) were constructed gable end on to the street and separated by narrow lanes from which access was gained to suites of rooms which were not interconnecting. Throughout the life of these buildings a number of the ground floor rooms contained sequences of ovens used for food processing some of which were evidently used for domestic and others for commercial purposes. The buildings went out of use at the end of the fifteenth century, from which time the area was cultivated prior to its redevelopment in the nineteenth century.     

Notes on contributors

Abstract

There are at least two options or approaches available to those who seek to evaluate Garibaldi's life in its entirety. The first option envisages Garibaldi as a revolutionary figure firmly devoted to the cause of the people and the advancement of human rights. The second sees him as putting his popularity in the service of a sovereign monarch, but managing nevertheless to salvage something of the ideals of his youth. There are indeed double aspects to Garibaldi, who was both republican and monarchist, simultaneously a rebel and a man of order. As a rebel he fought against kings, popes and emperors; as a man of order he relied on the effectiveness of temporary dictatorship (his own in Rome in 1849 and the king's dictatorship in 1860). He broke with Mazzini when he chose to pursue national unification in collaboration with the monarchy. That choice limited his freedom of action, and he felt betrayed when he became aware of the consequences in the last years of his life. Paradoxically, it is Mazzini's death in 1872 that released Garibaldi from his subjection to King Victor Emmanuel II, and allowed him to live out the last years of his life more or less at peace with himself as a socialist who put the well being of the people ahead of everything else.