中国绘画程式略论

世界上任何一种成熟的艺术都表现为一定的程式,中国绘画尤其如此。本文通过对中国绘画史及世界绘画史以及对当代中国绘画的研究,对中国绘画程式的起源、发展过程及发展趋势进行了分析和论述。     

中国大陆的归侨社团：以北京印尼归侨为例的研究

20世纪五六十年代, 数以十万计的印尼华侨返回中国大陆。由于政治的原因, 他们与海外华人社会的联系一度中断。中国实行改革开放以后, 他们逐渐恢复了与海外华人的联系。20世纪80年代以来, 他们纷纷组建社团, 重拾失落的记忆, 再塑自我认同。本文旨在通过对北京印尼归侨社团的实地考察, 研究全球化背景下归侨与海外华人社会关系的重建及其新的组织模式和认同特点。     

美国中西部华人基督教会调查——以科罗拉多州丹佛都会区为例

论文以美国科罗拉多州丹佛都会区的几家华人基督教会为样本,分析了丹佛华人基督教会的历史与现状,教会的人员构成、参加教会活动的原因、教会运作模式及社会功能,反映了科州乃至美国中西部地区华人基督教会的基本情况。研究结果显示,以丹佛为代表的科罗拉多州华人基督教会历史不长,规模普遍较小,组织结构较为简单。教会信众来源广泛,目前以中国大陆为主体,涵盖了两岸三地及东亚、东南亚等地华人。华人基督徒多从事医学、网络信息、矿业、会计和厨师等专业技术工作。尽管参加教会活动的华人出于各种不同的目的,教会发展过程中也遇到了诸多问题,但作为丹佛华人社会的重要组成部分,华人基督教会仍是一个功能强大的社会组织,在团结华人,救助华人弱势群体,特别是在提供精神支持方面,具有无可替代的作用。     

September 11: A Christian Fundamentalist Interpretation

Abstract

This article analyses sermons preached by Free Presbyterian ministers in the United States following the World Trade Centre tragedy and the attack on the Pentagon on September 11, 2001. It explores how these religious fundamentalists made sense of the event theologically. While terrorists carried out the attack, ultimately God was believed to have been responsible. It was considered God's way of punishing the American nation for its sin. Ministers' use of the Old Testament and God's covenantal relationship with ancient Israel is both the theological and historical backdrop to their explanation of September 11. Concentration on the Old Testament and fundamentalists' exegetical approach means that politics and religion are tightly intertwined. Emphasis on the militaristic portions of the Old Testament also helps justify the war in Iraq. Although Free Presbyterian doctrine is based on institutional separatism and believers' withdrawal from "the world" the sermons connect parishioners to their wider society through a shared sense of patriotic loyalty and national loss.     

Urban Villages in China: A 2008 Survey of Migrant Settlements in Beijing

A team of Beijing-based urban planning specialists is joined by a noted American geographer to present the results and analyze their 2008 survey of migrant settlements in China's capital city. The paper examines the living and work conditions as well as housing consumption behavior of migrants in Chinese cities, focusing on chengzhongcun or urban villages—rural settlements that have been transformed into poor living spaces for migrant workers. It finds that although migrant workers are willing to pay the same or higher rent per unit of space, they consume much smaller dwelling spaces than local residents. Estimations of the Mincerian wage equation and of a housing demand equation show that migrants' small space consumption is a function not only of low income but also of a reluctance to spend their earnings in the city. The findings reinforce the notion that migrant workers consider the city as a place to work rather than a home in which to live. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: J610, O150, R210, R230. 14 figures, 5 tables, 34 references, 1 appendix.     

吉祥绘画发展概况

吉祥绘画是中国绘画史上一个重要的美术现象,它的出现是与中国传统的思想观念紧密相关的,反映了古代人们追求吉样幸福的美好愿望。从汉代直至明清,吉祥绘画适应了社会的需求,取得了长足的发展。     

Painting as Agency,Style as Structure: Innovations in Mimbres Pottery Designs From Southwest New Mexico

The act of painting a design is a form of agency, and the overall style of that design in part can be conceptualized as a kind of structure. This perspective is used as a basis for analyzing chronological changes in designs on Mimbres Black-on-white pottery (ca. AD 750–1150) from Southwest New Mexico. Specific focus is on a methodology that can be used to detect innovations, that is, the introduction of novel designs that are incorporated into the design corpus and thus transform the structure. The conceptualization of a particular tradition (in this instance, pottery painting) as a form of structure analogous to general structure in Giddens' sense thus provides important insights into the recursive relationship between agency and structure.     

略论中国山水画理论体系之嬗变

山水画的发展本身就是中国传统文化发展的组成部分,没有传统文化的引导,不可能产生独具特色的山水画艺术。研究山水画创作过程中追求空灵、意境等表现动机,研究画面构成中的虚与实等的真正内涵,无不从传统文化谈起,尤其是山水画的创作进入我国经济文化空前发展的二十一世纪之后,梳理山水画发展的理论体系,将有十分重要的指导意义。     

必出于己——析笔墨风格在古画鉴定中的作用

认识和掌握不同画家的笔墨风格,是古画鉴定工作中的一个重要方面。深入了解和把握画家所在的时代、师承、自身的禀性气质、早、中、晚期不同的艺术风格等,对古画鉴定具有十分重要的意义。     

四海来尊丹青写照——唐代蕃人画的样式及其功能初探

蕃人画是中国历史上出现的以描写外国或外族人物及异域风土人情等内容为主的绘画形式,作为人物画的一种题材,蕃人画的起源虽可上溯至汉代,但是其绘画样式的形成、创作的繁荣只能在民族融合、中外文化交流频繁的魏晋南北朝尤其是隋唐时期才能完成。本文拟从传世及考古发现的绘画遗迹入手,对唐代蕃人画的样式特征进行初步探讨,并对其绘画样式的政治功能予以简要地阐释。     

拜占庭文明——独特的历史文明模式

本文探讨研究拜占庭文明的方法,分析拜占庭东正教和拜占庭神学的特点及其对社会发展的影响。通过对拜占庭文明与中世纪西欧文明的比较,说明拜占庭文明的独特性以及拜占庭文明在中世纪基督教世界历史发展中的地位。     

美国华人教会的社会功能初探

近年来,美国华人基督教教会组织发展迅速,其在帮助华人新移民群体,整合华人社会资源等方面的作用已经超越了传统华人社团。本文依据实地考察并结合文献研究,探索美国华人教会组织的多方面社会功能。作者认为,华人教会在华人社会中的作用及其影响值得关注。     

河湟生活素描

彩礼事大 1973年,我挣工资两年了,开始说媳妇。当年我24岁,在青海农村已属大龄。＂说＂,在这里有采访和寻找的意思,也有提亲的意思,似含混不清,却涵盖面广。青海汉人婚娶程序与内地大同小异,     

后殖民理论与基督教在华传教史研究

大陆基督教在华传教史的研究经历“文化侵略”、“文化交流”和“现代化”三大范式的转换之后急需建构新的研究范式。爱德华·萨义德等人提出的后殖民理论 ,特别对“东方主义”的批判为近代基督教在华传教史的研究提供了一个新的视角和解释框架 ,以重新审视传教运动对西方和中国社会的复杂影响及其与西方殖民主义权力体系之间的关系 ,向研究者展现了一个极为广阔的研究领域 ,因此应该成为今后基督教在华传教史研究的一个重要取向。     

A multi-stakeholder examination of destination image: Nanluoguxiang heritage street,Beijing, China

ABSTRACT

Perceived destination image is rarely examined through the gaze of stakeholders other than visitors, in particular residents and tourism business operators. This hinders the comprehensive understanding of destination image and limits its practical implications for destination marketing and management. Therefore, this study proposes a multi-stakeholder approach to image evaluation to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the destination image and better inform destination planning and management. Taking Nanluoguxiang hutong tourism site in Beijing as an example, the image perceptions of residents, on-site business operators, and domestic and international tourists are compared. Questionnaire surveys with both types of tourists and semi-structured interviews with residents and business operators are the main research methods. Major between group differences are identified in the evaluation of the authenticity of this Beijing hutong area, its representation of traditional Beijing culture and whether or not it is a place in which to relax. Results demonstrate that visitors, residents and business operators share similar cognitive images of Nanluoguxiang as a traditional historical street and a special business street with Beijing character. However, the historical and cultural values of Nanluoguxiang are undervalued. Moreover, distinct differences exist between the actual motivations for visiting held by domestic and international tourists and their motivations as perceived by residents and business operators. Suggestions are made to better meet the expectations and desires of all stakeholder groups through the provision of participatory programmes and activities to enrich the visitor experience of hutongs and the hutong lifestyle while maintaining a boundary between tourists and residents’ personal space to reduce unnecessary interruptions to residents’ daily life.