舟船部件述要

舟船,作为水上的交通工具,肇源甚古,用途颇广.自受落叶浮水的启示,"刳木为舟",(参《周易·系辞》.又《世本》曰:古者"观落叶因以为舟".)迄于有史可稽的殷商时代,拼版结构的舟船即告诞生.文献记载表明,它不仅用于日常的劳作、交通,施于闲适的游历观光,而且更被作为争战的利器.在其演进发展的历程中,形质不断改进,品类逐渐繁多.于此,我们在《古代舟船述要》(见《文献》,1997年第3期)中已予介绍.一船之内,可分不同的部位,配有必要的船具,今拟就此于文献中择取常用习见者略述于次.     

Gyptis and the Archaic Greek Sewn‐boat Technique

The archaic Greco‐Massaliote wreck Jules‐Verne 9 is a fully sewn boat with all the elements (planking and frames) assembled by ligatures. The remains of some stitches found in place allowed the system of ligatures, which is particularly sophisticated, to be precisely reproduced. This assembly system made of sewing and lashings was used during the construction of Gyptis, the sailing replica of the Jules‐Verne 9 wreck. The experience permitted many questions to be answered about the assembly process, function, and maintenance of the boat.     

Street children's lives and actor-networks

This article investigates the street-children phenomenon and their view of street life as actor-networks in Pelotas, Brazil. Street children manipulate actor-networks to reach their life goals. They physically approach certain actors and withdraw from others. To explore this phenomenon, I acquired qualitative data about the lives of 19 street children over 7 years. Manifold methods were utilised: observation, interviews, poems, walkabouts and drawings. The most important actors from the children's perspective affecting street life, such as other street children, police, violence, trees offering safety, street knowledge, sunglasses, drugs and states of mind, were discovered. I analysed children's lives by combining actor-network theory and time-geography, which clarified why same actors may hold varying meanings depending on the other actors in the networks. Furthermore, the capacity of actors is influenced by the intensity of the connection between actors and the reasons why certain actors are enrolled in the networks.