中国艺术考古学的奠基

艺术考古学作为一门在考古学与艺术学的边缘地带产生的交叉学科,其形成和确立顺应了考古学与艺术学学科发展的必然趋势;同样,考古学与艺术学理论的发展也为艺术考古学的建立奠定了理论和实践上的坚实基础。     

当代西方考古学研究范式述评

托马斯.库恩认为范式是指科学共同体的信念,这种共同的信念建立在某种公认并成为传统的重大科学成就(如牛顿的万有引力说、达尔文的进化论等等)基础上,为共同体成员提供把握研究对象的概念框架、一套理论和方法论信条,一个可供仿效的解题范例,它规定了一定时期中这门科学的发展     

中国藏传佛教艺术研究的进展(英文)

In the last ten years Tibetan studies has made great strides in China.Many scholars have shifted their interests to Tibetan art and gradually realized that these artistic works,containing the ideal of wisdom and compassion,will give them the key to this mysterious     

Medieval Britain and Ireland in 1982

ARCHAEOLOGY and art history are closely allied disciplines, particularly for the study of the medieval period. This paper seeks to compare and contrast archaeological with art historical approaches to medieval material culture in terms appropriate to an archaeological audience, much as Stanis?aw Tabaczyński examined the relationships between archaeology and history in the pages of this journal only a few years ago.¹ Rather than emphasize the distinctions between archaeology and art history, an attempt is made to focus on where these two disciplines intersect and how art history at the cusp of the new millennium differs from what archaeologists on both sides of the Atlantic often assume. This seeks to bring recent changes in art historical methods and theory to the attention of medieval archaeologists, suggesting that interdisciplinary cooperation between archaeology and the humanistic disciplines, including art history, should be strengthened.     

Beyond ‘the Phenomenological Walk’: Perspectives on the Experience of Images

Scandinavian rock art has been of major interest for archaeological studies of a phenomenological character. By reflecting on the experience of rock art it has been argued that images choreograph movement and that this embodied interaction reflects both social order and world views. This perspective has been applied in studies of both open-air rock art and images in the confined spaces of caves. When critically evaluating these efforts, it seems clear that these phenomenological studies reduce rock art to a mere representation of the experience of place. Phenomenology also fails to challenge the assumption that the meaning of images is created primarily by the intentions of its creator. It is therefore suggested that, in order to discuss the experience of images as meaningful, we need to develop the phenomenological theory of embodiment into a material phenomenology. This material turn enables us to problematize the relationship between intentionality and the meaning of images, which could lead to a perspective where rock art affects both the experience of place and of landscape and the creation of new images. Consequently, an archaeology of images should treat rock art as an expression which creates and maintains practices and relations with places and landscapes.     

浅谈藏族服饰艺术渊源

民族服饰在民族学、考古学中占有重要位置。本文比较详细地阐述了藏族服饰的形成过程、发展演变、艺术风格、特点、各居住区域之间的异同等各种情况。对于研究藏族形成和发展的历史具有重要的价值     

人类踏上青藏高原的第一步:西藏旧石器时代考古的新成果

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,tremendous achievements have been made in archaeology in Tibet.A series of new archaeological finds provided important physical evidence for rewriting the ancient history of Tibet,proving eloquently the close connection between Tibetan and mainland Chinese cultures and outlining how Tibetan civilization gradually became part of the Chinese nation as a whole.Starting from this issue,the column will introduce some of the most influential archaeological discoveries.     

ART ON SEALS IN ANCIENT TIBET

Tibetan archaic seals have been a significant element of Tibetan art and civilization for over 2000 years, embodying the rich, historic Tibetan culture.     

Connecting Things through the Visual Arts: Medieval Crescent Moon Pendants as Horse Ornaments

Medieval archaeology as a discipline is usually defined in relation to written sources and history, while other kinds of sources and scholarly traditions studying the same period are overlooked. With a small group of 14th-century crescent moon pendants of bronze from Finland as its focal point, the present article analyses the way in which archaeology connects with the visual arts and the discipline specialized in studying them, art history. Instead of some shared methodology, the inquiry proceeds along the tensions between the material and the visual. After the artefact and its technical qualities are examined in the framework of medieval material culture, the object is reduced, first, to an iconographical motif and, second, into a represented object. Third, the anthropomorphic features applied on the pendant are extracted and considered against the body of medieval grotesque art. This reveals how the visual is also an effective force in the sphere of material culture and human interaction. In the interdisciplinary work between archaeology and art history, the visual and the material emerge as travelling concepts destabilizing traditional approaches and inspiring new insights.     

Shining Regung Art

Regung art is a particularwonder of Tibetan Bud-dhism art, blending blendsreligious and folk art in away that is treasured byTibetan Buddhists as well as becomingwell known in the world.Art Flower in Golden ValleyRegung is the Tibetan name of areasin Tongren County and Zeku County inQinghai Province with the meaning of"golden valley".The Regung area as the birthplace of"Regung art" has an abundance of tangka,duishiu, sculptures and religious architec-tural structures. Several villages, …     

The rock art of the Côa valley,Portugal: Significance,conservation and management

Abstract

The Côa river valley is the largest open-air Palaeolithic art site currently known. Some 150 decorated panels have already been found, spread along 17km. The whole complex would have been submerged under 100m of water if construction of the large Foz Côa dam, begun in 1992, had been allowed to continue. The dam project was halted in 1995 and a 200km² archaeological park is being established in this area, which is now legally protected at the highest level as a National Monument. Public access to selected sites is organized through four-wheel drive. tours of groups of eight people accompanied by guides appropriately trained in archaeology and rock art studies. Visitor Centres have been set up in restored traditional houses located in the villages around the periphery of the park. A Museum of Rock Art and Archaeology and associated research facilities is to be established at the site of the now abandoned dam.     

ANCIENT WORKSHOPS AND ANCIENT 'ART'

Summary.   There is a tension between the understanding of the term 'workshop' in art historical scholarship and the actual locations of production unearthed by archaeology. Yet countless ancient works of art bear traces of their own production, and many working sites have produced unfinished products. The differing approaches can be combined, to a greater extent than they have been, to attain a more comprehensive understanding of ancient art production. A first step is an exhaustive analysis of the interactions between the provenance, processing, inherent quality, logistics, presentation and preservation of any material used in art production. But the products themselves also have much to reveal about their conditions of production.     

故宫藏传佛教研究的回顾与前瞻

故宫作为明清两代的皇宫,至今仍完整地保留着一批清代藏传佛教殿堂,故宫博物院藏有大量极其珍贵的藏传佛教文物及与藏学有关的其他文物。这些建筑与文物是明清、特别是清代民族政策、汉藏文化交流及东西交通等方面的生动见证。以藏传佛教艺术为重点的故宫藏学研究,有着重要的历史价值和现实意义,在整个藏学研究中具有独特的地位和作用,也是故宫学的重要内容。故宫藏传佛教研究在已有成果的基础上正逐步深入。     

NEW BOOKS

Studies of Historical Archives Written in Tibetan The historical archives in Tibetan language,particularly historical records, have a long history and are abundant.In accordance with the method of recording, the form of an archive varies in its use of characters,illustrations,language,and the art of engraving.By focusing on historical archives in Tibetan,Hua Lin(the author)     

THE WRITING'S IN THE WALL: A REVIEW OF NEW PRELIMINARY APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY WITHIN ARCHAEOLOGY

Natural processes are known to cause significant damage to archaeological monuments. In fact, the key to understanding the decay of building materials is the internal movement of water through the mineral matrix, which influences the distribution of chemical, physical and biological deterioration processes. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was traditionally used as a surveying tool within archaeology, but a new high‐resolution technique that accurately traces the movement of moisture in building materials could provide a vital tool for understanding the decay of many archaeological monuments. This paper considers current progress, the shift of ERT from soil to rock research and the impact that this development could have on future conservation, using Hertford College (Oxford) and Neolithic rock art (Golden Gate Reserve, South Africa) as case studies.     

Crossing the border: contrasting styles of rock art in the prehistory of north-west Iberia

Rock art can be regarded as a specialised form of material culture, and at the regional scale it may have exhibited as much diversity as monuments and portable artefacts. Its character might also have changed in relation to different practices and different ways of perceiving and using the landscape. Such contrasts can be identified in the prehistoric rock art found on either side of the modern border between Portugal and Spain and may be related to much broader currents in Iberian archaeology, extending from the Atlantic to the West Mediterranean.     

性别考古学研究综述——以中国考古学为中心

中国考古学理论与方法渐趋多元化,而性别考古学却未引起足够的重视。本文梳理了性别考古学产生以来所走过的的历程,尤其对中国考古学中的性别研究进行了较为详细的梳理。本文将中国考古学中的性别研究划分了三个阶段,即20世纪30年代至建国、建国之后至20世纪90年代、90年代至今。其中在第三个阶段,后现代视角的性别考古学真正在中国出现。本文并对中国后现代视角下的性别考古学进行了反思,希冀能够引起学者的注意。     

Tourism and Archaeology in Brazil: Postmodern Epistemology in Two Case Studies

This article discusses the relationship between archaeology and tourism in Brazil. After providing a diachronic perspective of the interaction between both two case studies in which we have been involved are examined: the Palmares maroon (Alagoas) and the Erasmos plantation (São Paulo). They exemplify how since the end of the last dictatorial period archaeology and tourism have been increasingly concerned with the social dimensions of both disciplines.     

The Archaeology of Historic Battlefields: A History and Theoretical Development in Conflict Archaeology

In the last two and a half decades there have been many advances in the technology available to archaeologists. As new technologies have been used to challenge previously held hypotheses and expand the capabilities of current research, they also have assisted the expansion of archaeology to include conflict archaeology. Although there has been a long history of interest in the material remains of conflict, it is only recently that the necessary tools, methodology, and theoretical approaches have been combined to allow serious scientific contributions to the holistic study of past human conflict. This article provides an overview of the origins of conflict archaeology and research that has helped consolidate the subfield into its present form. We examine the current state of conflict studies and consider what lies ahead for conflict archaeology.