世界历史进程中的马克思世界历史理论

经济全球化的日益发展对历史学提出了新的理论挑战,这就是究竟如何避免各种片面和局限,构建科学和系统的世界历史阐释体系。这一时代要求进一步凸显了马克思世界历史理论的科学性和重要性。马克思世界历史理论是世界历史发展进程中的产物,同时也深刻揭示了世界历史形成和演变的内在规律,为我们认识、理解和把握世界历史的整体发展指明了基本方向。它通过深入揭示生产力因素在人类社会发展过程中所发挥的决定性作用,为我们深入理解人类历史和改造世界提供了科学的理论与方法论支持,并且为当代的世界史或全球史的研究和编纂提供了具有方法论意义的科学指南。     

马克思政治经济学批判的史学意蕴

政治经济学批判作为马克思思想的重要构成部分,对其历史理论的形成和发展具有重要的意义。在某种意义上可以说,对政治经济学批判的研究,在马克思历史理论的研究中具有基础性的地位。对此,我们可以根据其思想的发展进程,概要地从以下几个方面去分析。     

对主权理论的历史性再思考

主权理论是国家理论和国际关系理论中的一个核心问题。主权是国家的主要的标志,是国家身份重要组成要素和法律基础。主权概念是历史的产物,它随着世界历史的变迁不断深化和完善。发展的国际社会的实践推动了对主权理论的研究,因而对主权理论的认识必须要有历史的观点。     

浅析中学历史教学设计的具体概念、研究对象及理论基础

对于将教学设计理念而言其应用在具体的学科教学时,我们就可以建构起该学科的教学设计的体系规范,为该学科的教学提供更新更适合的理论基础。在本文中以历史学科的教学设计为范例对历史教学设计的概念、对象和理论基础进行了一定的分析和探究。     

史前家户考古的操作模式研究

家户考古是一种从微观上研究古代社会生活的新的理论方法,与后过程考古关系密切,但如何与既有的研究兼容,成为一个具有挑战性的难题.史前家户考古研究可以分为6个层次进行,按照这个操作模式,不同层次的考古学理论可以被整合起来:文化历史考古层面的研究可以提供时空框架;过程考古范畴的研究可以帮助我们分析考古材料的形成过程、了解家户...     

马克思主义各个发展阶段对社会主义根本问题的探索和理论贡献

党的十七大提出的中国特色社会主义理论体系,启发我们进一步研究马克思主义各个发展阶段在社会主义根本问题认识上的理论贡献。本文通过历史回顾和理论分析,梳理马克思主义的发展脉络,聚焦马克思主义各个发展阶段对于“什么是社会主义,怎样建设社会主义”这一根本问题的理论贡献。     

20世纪中国史学的学科化进程

20世纪中国史学从世纪初的批判旧史学、建设新史学,到世纪末历史科学形态的确立,大致经过了历史是什么、历史理论、史学理论、史学价值的探索等四个发展阶段,基本完成了历史学学科化建设的任务。对这一进程进行总结,既可以看出20世纪中国史学发展的轨迹,又能获得一些规律性的认识。     

历史上阶级合作的特征及作用

马克思主义的阶级和阶级斗争的理论是认识阶级社会历史的指导思想和方法论。由于受“左”的思潮影响,在对阶级社会的历史研究中,我们运用这一理论着力探讨的是阶级斗争。辩证唯物主义认为,斗争性和统一性是事物矛盾的两种相反相成的属性,二是互相联系、不可分割的,斗争性不能脱离统一性而存在。因而,脱离统一性,片面地研究阶级斗争,就会忽视或否认阶级合作。     

加强马克思主义的再学习

根据党的十二大精神,史学研究也要跟上历史性的转变,开创新局面,迎接新的伟大任务。科学地说明历史,才能帮助人们认识历史发展的客观规律性,认清国情特点,认识历史与现实的关系;用丰富的历史知识和正确的唯物主义历史观武装人们,有益于建设高度的社会主义精神文明;借鉴正反两面的历史经验,促进我国社会主义现代化建设。科学地说明历史,要求我们正确地具体地运用马克思主义的科学理论和方法。在我国古史分期问题的讨论中,对于农民在奴隶社会中的地位和作用问题,似乎还没有引起足够的重视。在一些论著里所提到的奴隶社会,虽然在确定它的时间断限上,在一些重     

在历史研究中坚持与发展唯物史观

坚持马克思主义唯物史观,是指坚持它的基本原理。近一个世纪历史研究的实践证明,只有这种理论提供给了人们认识历史问题的最锐利的武器,而那种赋予唯物史观的过多含义,把本来不属于它的范畴的东西也当作其基本原理去宣传的教条主义,反倒有碍于马克思主义史学的健康发展。今天,我们还必须通过历史研究的实践,吸收古今中外一切有益的史学理论和方法,去丰富和发展马克思主义的唯物史观。     

连续性与统一性:"南方谈话"与"北方谈话"比较研究

"北方谈话"和"南方谈话"都是邓小平创造性理论活动的经典之作.比较两者之间的相关性可以发现,两者在形成背景、创新性内容以及功能特征上存在许多共性,而在阶段性、层次性、系统性和成熟度上又存在差异.无论是两者间的共性,还是相互间的差异,都共同印证了邓小平理论形成和发展过程中的连续性与统一性,这个结论对新的理论创新不无借鉴价值.     

Integrating Delegation into the Policy Theory Literature

Public policy scholars have developed a number of theories of the policymaking process. Their work has come to define what some now refer to as the "policy theory" literature. Our task is to identify theoretical and empirical courses of study that will advance this research program. We limit ourselves to identifying an existing theory that already provides such an advance and discuss some of its theoretical benefits and empirical support. Specifically, we make the case that there exists a well-developed theory of delegation that rivals what we deem to be the best of the existing policy theories. We also suggest that existing theoretical frameworks might benefit from incorporating delegation theory explicitly and conclude that policy research has much to contribute to the development and useful application of delegation models.     

Political theory in the Australian Journal of Political Science: A review

The place of political theory in AJPS has historically been a fairly marginal one, partly because Australia does not seem to have a strong national tradition of political theorizing. This is thought to be a function of living in a nation that never produced a great political theorist and was born neither in revolution or utopianism. Yet, although there has been a marked absence of high theory or exegetically-inclined history of ideas over the life of the journal, theorists have responded by contributing work that usefully illuminates applied problems with theoretical insight. Further, it may be the case that there is a peculiarly Australian style of political theory that is pragmatic and self-consciously embedded within our institutions and political culture. The paper explores this and other means by which Australian theorists have adapted in order to retain a presence within the journal.     

Moving beyond the rational choice debate via social capital: The study of illegal private protection

In the context of the epistemological and methodological debates about rational choice (RC) sparked by Green and Shapiro and the subsequent rejoinders, Hindmoor made the theoretical claim that there is now an opportunity for RC to be enhanced and for past debates to be set aside by incorporating different theoretical perspectives into RC. This article presents an example of one context in which this can be done: the study of illegal private protection (IPP) produced by organised criminals and corrupt officials. It extends a rational theory of criminal protection to enable the simultaneous analysis of corrupt protection and augments this approach with theories of social capital (SC). Both positive and negative forms and effects of SC are considered. This approach highlights a middle ground between advocates and critics of RC, demonstrating a capacity to explain patterns in the production of IPP between organisations and across countries.

针对格林、沙皮罗与弗里德曼的否定者所发起的有关理性选择的认识论及方法论论战,辛德摩尔提出一个理论主张：现在正可以通过吸纳不同的视角而弘扬理性选择,以往的辩论可置之一旁。本文讨论了一个可行的案例：有组织犯罪分子造成的非法私人保护。作者应用理性理论于犯罪保护,对腐败保护做了分析,并用社会资本理论扩展了这一方法。作者对社会资本理论的正负短长做了分析。这样的研究强调了介于理性选择理论赞同方与反对方的中间地带,展示对于组织间及跨国非法私人保护的产生的解释能力。     

Indeterminacy in-decisions – science, policy and politics in the BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) crisis

Increasingly, non-human geographies have unfastened nature from its foundational moorings. In a parallel development, the benefits of adhering to precautionary and participatory forms of decision-making have become common place in environmental geography and in government policy. And yet, on closer inspection, there is a danger in these latter approaches that old certainties regarding non-human natures remain unquestioned. The result can be a tendency to gravitate towards bureaucratic and technical solutions to, or closures on, what are, first and foremost, political and open-ended problems. This paper uses an empirical engagement with BSE-related scientific and policy practices, along with insights from non-human geographies, science studies and poststructuralism to suggest that such certainties and resolutions are misplaced.     

战后中日关系研究的概况与问题--以中日两国的学术专著为中心

中国的战后中日关系研究基本上在历史学领域中展开,但实证研究仍需进一步的努力.而日本学者注意到国际政治学方法论的采用,强调了国际政治结构对中日关系的制约,但在史学研究方面还有不断把新史料纳入视野、在史学研究的基础上建构自己的国际政治学理论等方面的发展空间.相信整体性的过程研究和实证经验理论总结将使我们能够有基础和有信心尝试建立一些规范的分析概念,并通过这些概念对历史和思想演变的深层规律进行某种程度的哲学分析,即所谓理论的建构.     

Feminist Forays in the City: Imbalance and Intervention in Urban Research Methods

In this paper I argue that imbalances and silences persist in urban research. In particular, there is insufficient attention to anti‐racist and feminist theoretical, methodological, and empirical insights. Intersectional and materialist urban analyses that take difference seriously are under‐represented, while patriarchy, privilege, and positivism still linger. As a partial and aspirational remedy, I propose a “Feminist Partial Political Economy of Place” (FPEP) approach to urban research. FPEP is characterized by: (1) attention to gendered, raced, and intersectional power relations, including affinities and alliances; (2) reliance on partial, place‐based, materialist research that attends to power in knowledge production; (3) emphasis on feminist concepts of relationality to examine connections among sites, scales, and subjects, and to emphasize “life” and possibility; and (4) the use of theoretical toolkits to observe, interpret and challenge material‐discursive power relations. My own critique and research centers on North American cities, but FPEP approaches might help produce more robust, inclusive, and explanatory urban research in varied geographic contexts.     

Discourse analysis in German-language human geography: integrating theory and method

In the context of various conceptual turns in German-language human geography over the past decades (e.g., linguistic, cultural, and material turns), which have been adopted largely via writings from English-language human geography, theoretical perspectives in these two academic communities have been converging. However, there are still aspects that are quite distinctive for debates in the German-language context. We argue that, for example, in the case of poststructuralist approaches, a distinct development has taken place, which emphasizes the links between theoretical, methodological, and methods-oriented empirical research, e.g., through the operationalization of linguistic methods. Following Michel Foucault's notion of ‘discourse’, these empirical analyses are often referred to as ‘discourse analyses’. This paper gives an overview of the field of discourse analysis in German-language human geography and discusses possible reasons for the different ways in which discourse theories have been emerged and developed in English-language and German-language geography. We argue that there are three developments which make ‘discourse analyses’ in the German context distinct: (1) the significance of theoretical debates on the role of the subject, (2) the intensive interdisciplinary networks within the wider context of German-language social sciences and linguistics, and (3) closely related to the second point, the strong emphasis on questions of methodical implementation.     

企业理论发展脉络与研究内容评析

作为经济社会发展到一定历史阶段的产物,企业处于不断的演变过程中,企业理论也同样处于不断发展与演化过程中。本文试图通过对企业理论的发展脉络进行回顾和梳理,从经济学和管理学两个方面整理出典型的企业理论,并作出简要的述评,以期厘清企业理论的发展脉络和逻辑演进路径,并对企业理论的研究内容作出评析。     

金毓黻与南北学风的分合

中国近代学术界的学分南北,在后来主流的叙述中,隐然成为新旧的同义词,并有连续的人脉关系,化作成见与心结,继续操控学界的动向。实则南北各有新旧,一般学人也不作此是彼非,壁垒森严的划线。出身北京大学而非新文化派的金毓黻,凭借1920年代下半期尤其是迁都以来的南北学界对流之风,入主南派大本营的中央大学历史学系。因应国内外学风转移,以及个人阅历学识的增长,其观念与人事均主张融会贯通,捐弃各执一偏的极端,回归学术的大道本原。