焕发了青春的煤炭工业

焕发了青春的煤炭工业煤炭工业部政策法规司新中国的煤炭工业已经历了４５个春秋。这４５年是曲折前进的４５年,也是取得辉煌成就的４５年。这期间全国累计生产煤炭２２０多亿吨,促进了国民经济快速发展。巨大变迁中国煤炭工业有悠久的历史。但是旧中国煤炭工业发展十分...     

辽宁省志编纂工作座谈会召开

2012年3月9日，辽宁省政府地方志办公室在辽宁工会大厦召开辽宁省志编纂工作座谈会。省公安厅、省林业厅、省检察院、省人防办、省煤炭工业管理局、省气象局、东北民航管理局、省军区等8个承编单位的主笔和省地方志办公室相关人员参加会议。省地方志办公室副主任麻志杰主持会议。会上，省公安厅等8个省志承编单位汇报了工作进展情况，省地方志办公室省志总编室主任杜祥武就志稿撰写中应注意的问题作了发言，     

浅析煤炭工业的发展对英国的影响——以工人阶级的形成和煤炭生产的技术革新为例

英国煤炭发展是资本主义世界最悠久的国家,它为英国工业革命提供强有力的能源基础。伴随着工业革命如火如荼的发展,人们的生活方式也发生了巨大的转变,生产方式和重心也由农业变成了工业,城市化水平不断提高。越来越多的人开始进行大机器生产,工人阶级形成。在工业革命初期,煤炭工业发展缓慢,煤炭利用率低,生产方式以粗放型为主,工人的工资非常低,安全也得不到保障。政府意识到这个问题后开始将煤炭工业收归国有进行大面积改良,主要针对煤炭的安全生产的技术方面进行革新。此后,英国煤炭工业迅速发展,一跃成为世界第一煤炭大国。本文将在英国煤炭工业发展的基础上探究工人阶级的形成和煤炭安全生产的技术革新。     

一部高起点、高品位的煤炭志──评《临汾市煤炭志》

《临汾市煤炭志》以煤炭工业的二次创业为起点 ,居高临下 ,谋篇布局 ,在很多方面都有突破和创新 ,堪称是一部高起点、高品位的煤炭工业志     

19世纪下半期至20世纪初俄国煤炭工业的发展

在工业革命影响下俄国煤炭工业茁壮成长,其发展速度和规模一定程度上左右俄国工业化进程。虽然19世纪末俄国煤炭工业发展速度无法与石油工业相较,除开采规模不如石油工业外俄国煤炭并未完全掌控本国市场,但因政府引进外资、大幅度提高关税、统一运输税率、大规模修建铁路和煤炭开采技术提高等措施煤炭工业仍飞速发展。俄国长期从国外进口煤炭,但因煤炭资源丰富和交通设施逐步完善,除波罗的海地区外本国煤炭逐渐垄断国内市场,与此同时煤炭工业生产集中程度逐渐加强,大公司逐步垄断煤炭工业。俄国工业和运输业发展都与煤炭工业密不可分,该部门不但为南俄冶金业繁荣奠定基础,还是南俄经济迅速崛起的重要推力。20世纪初世界经济危机和国内局势所致俄国石油工业停滞不前,在能源结构中煤炭已占据主导地位。     

50年代苏联援助中国煤炭工业建设项目的由来和变化

５０年代苏联援助中国煤炭工业建设项目的由来和变化蒋洪巽，周国华我国发展国民经济第一个五年计划中，有原苏联援建的１５６项重点工程。其中属于煤炭工业的项目，历年史料记载多有出入。煤炭工业部门的资料一般称为２４项。１９８８年出版的《当代中国》大型丛书煤炭工...     

关于中美合作开发平朔煤矿谈判的回顾

关于中美合作开发平朔煤矿谈判的回顾高扬文实行对外开放是发展煤炭工业新路子的一项重要内容。本来经周总理批准,在１９７２年从国外引进先进的综合采煤机组,但被＂四人帮＂破坏了,没有继续下去。中共十一届三中全会以后,在党的开放政策指引下,中国煤炭工业走向世界...     

煤矿机电一体化技术应用

煤炭是我国重要的能源,煤炭工业的大力发展。在我国的国民经济建设发展中占居重要的地位。煤矿机电一体化技术是煤矿综合自动化的发展基础,更是煤矿企业信息化建设的重要支撑技术,煤矿机电一体化技术在采、掘、运、装备等方面的应用和推广,大力推动了我国煤矿综合生产力,同时,为实现安全、高效、洁净、结构优化的现代化、高科技煤炭工业生产打下了坚实的基础。     

以史为鉴 开拓创新── 一部为当地煤炭工业二次创业奠定理论依据的志书

《临汾市煤炭志》为该市煤炭工业的二次创业奠定了理论依据 ,对全省来说 ,也有一定的借鉴作用     

《山西煤炭资源整合志》评审会召开

2012年4月13日上午,《山西煤炭资源整合志》评审会在太原召开。省地方志办公室党组书记、主任李茂盛,省煤炭工业协会理事长王守祯,省地方志办公室党组成员、副主任张晓光,山西煤炭职业技术学院党委书记丁钟晓,煤炭工业太原设计研究院副院长兼总工耿建平出席会议。     

陈光甫开创中国现代旅游业

中国产生过徐霞客那样的伟大旅行家,但中国现代旅游业的发展却迟至20世纪之初。上海大银行家陈光甫是中国现代旅游业的拓荒,本探讨了其创立的中国旅行社的经营理念。     

商盘周鼎尽网罗 断碣残碑满眼是 记山东文物事业的奠基人、收藏家王献唐

一个民族的文化遗产,关键在于有效保护,妥善收藏。我国早在周秦时期就已经出现了收藏和陈列文物的场所,历代皇宫、祖庙、武库就是博物馆的雏形,皇帝便是最早的收藏大家。到了清代,文物的收藏和研究空前高涨,成为中国收藏发展史上的一个重要时期。     

Returned Diplomats,French Engineers,and the Qingxi Ironworks: Self-Strengthening and Self-Representation in the Late Qing

This article explores the history of the Qingxi Ironworks in late Qing Guizhou. Instead of focusing on state-centered industrialization or technology transfer and scientific knowledge in Qing mining and coal enterprises, this study focuses on the individual ambitions and identity construction of two returned diplomats—Chen Jitong and Chen Mingyuan—who sought to claim authority over a mining interest in China’s southwest interior. By leveraging their knowledge of the West to serve as intermediaries between state and foreign commercial interests, these cosmopolitan yet marginalized elites sought to convert their foreign expertise and avowed commitment to “self-strengthening” into new forms of social and political capital. An examination of the personal networks and written accounts surrounding their entrepreneurial ventures sheds light on the opportunities and challenges experienced by a generation of “foreign affairs” experts in repositioning themselves within the transforming Qing polity through participation in industrialization projects.     

湖州陈氏家族述论

陈氏原籍河南陈州,后辗转迁徙安徽、山东、江浙和闽、台等地.陈氏迁徙的原因既有自然条件和环境的变化,也有因战争、时局的改变.湖州望族陈氏对近代中国社会经济、政治、文化有重要影响.清末民初,陈英士和陈果夫等陈氏族人积极参加反清讨袁活动,为民主革命立下巨功;陈果夫、陈立夫成为民国显要后曾反对共产党,但也做过利国利民的事情;陈氏家族与蒋介石等历史名人之间的特殊关系,对辛亥后中国的政治走向有着重要的作用;旅居海外的陈氏族人,多从事工商业,他们心向祖国,关心两岸统一大业,不断来大陆探亲访友,反映了深厚浓重的宗亲情结.     

Development,Transition and Globalization in China's Coal Industry

The coal industry has proved to be one of the most strategically important but also one of the most problematic industries in China. Closing small township and village owned (TVE) coalmines, declaring loss‐making state‐owned (SOE) mines bankrupt, and building up modern coal corporations are all causing huge difficulties for the government. The main reason for the problems now facing the industry is the fact that TVEs, SOEs and coal corporations were encouraged to meet different needs at different times and now all face different challenges from development, transition and globalization. This article uses research from the three major categories of coal companies in China to demonstrate that, while these three parallel challenges do necessitate reform in the industry, this reform must be handled cautiously, innovatively and in a balanced way.     

滇越铁路与云南矿业开发(1910—1940)

1910年滇越铁路全线通车,大大改善了云南对外交通运输条件,推动了云南经济尤其是矿业的发展。滇越铁路的通车首先方便了个旧大锡的出口,大锡成为云南对外贸易的支柱产品,锡业也代替昔日的铜业成为云南矿业的命脉。滇越铁路还刺激了煤炭需求,促进了整个云南煤业的发展。不过由于滇越铁路管理权被法国控制,导致该条铁路产生的巨大收益外流,在一定程度上阻碍了云南矿业的进一步发展。     

Controlling Forum Choice and Controlling Policy: Congress,Courts and the IRS

Considerable scholarly attention has been paid to litigation and its influence on social and bureaucratic policy. One area of research has focused on interest group litigation. Another area of scholarship has shown that Congress encourages individual use of the courts to monitor and control bureaucratic behavior. In several areas of law, litigants have a choice of forum by deliberate legislative design, which is sometimes derided as “forum shopping.” Little attention has been paid to the dominant national political coalition's ability to encourage forum shopping through legislation and the appointment process. One area of law that the coalition can encourage forum shopping is in challenging tax audits. It can do so through implict legislative signals and the appointment process to influence litigants to sue the Internal Revenue Service in the forum that offers the litigant the greatest chance of success. Given the prominent role of courts in setting and determining policy and given the particular prominence of taxes and tax policy over the past three decades, whether and where tax litigants choose to sue is critically important to understanding the dynamics of both tax policy and tax enforcement, as well as public policy creation and change. To demonstrate the influence of political forces on tax forum choice, I compare tax and district court filings from 1994 through to 2000. I find that as the Tax Court and national political coalition become more conservative, more taxpayers sue in the Tax Court and this “forum shopping” choice is supported by the national political coalition.     

户外运动网站论坛功能评估及其互动作用对个人出行行为的导引

本文选择19个户外运动网站并使用其中发展最好的绿野户外运动网站作为研究基础构建户外运动网站的论坛功能评估框架,在此基础上,选择9个评估指标对19个网站论坛进行了评估,计算出综合评估指数,与各户外运动网站实际的出行数据相结合进行了分析。结果表明,论坛的互动作用对个人出行行为具有很强的导引作用,论坛的互动作用对个人出行的影响集中到论坛管理,财务报告和出行召集三大板块上。并由此分析了户外运动网站论坛的建设问题,以期促进户外运动网站论坛的进一步发展和完善。     

Introduction: Women's Rights as Human Rights: Global Contestations over the Longue Durée

This short essay introduces the forum on ‛Women's Rights as Human Rights: Global Contestations over the Longue Durée’. It briefly outlines the state of the field, a new agenda for research in the area and the topics of the articles in the forum. The forum derives from a symposium on the same topic sponsored by Gender & History and held at the University of Sheffield in spring 2022.     

Participation and Political Influence in Complex Governance Systems

Public policy generally emerges from interactions among actors embedded within complex governance systems, composed of multiple actors and forums (issue‐based arenas where stakeholders repeatedly interact to resolve collective action problems). Such systems allow actors multiple forums wherein they can influence policy decisions. But actors do not value the decisions made in each forum equally, and it remains unclear how actors allocate resources across forums. This article links actor strategy to their influence within the forums the actors identify as most important (their primary forum). There is theoretical ambiguity about how actors invest their limited resources across the forums that affect their interests to maximize primary forum influence. Do they concentrate all their effort within the primary forum or participate more broadly? To answer this question, we offer two competing theories. First, broad participation may allow actors to develop political capital necessary to influence other actors and thus influence primary forum policies. The second approach notes the opportunity costs of broad participation—actors have fewer resources to invest in their primary forum. An analysis of stakeholder participation in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta and Tampa Bay Watershed governance systems demonstrates that broader participation is associated with greater primary forum influence.