Stigmatized Spaces: Gender and Mobility under crisis in South Sulawesi,Indonesia

The economic downturn in Indonesia (1997‐99) has changed the context of gendered spatial mobility in South Sulawesi. For low-income migrants in the region, the monetary crisis has not only reorganized the labor market, but it has also brought about an intensification of the stigma placed on young women's independent residence in an export processing zone. Household surveys and in-depth interviews with migrants and members of their origin and destination site neighborhoods, both before and during the economic retrenchment, illustrate that ideas about women's sexual morality are a key part of the context within which migration decisions are gendered. The article situates survey and interview findings within an overview of Indonesia's recent development history, economic crisis, and official state gender ideology. The article argues that migrants and their communities have identified the ‘prostitute’ as a female-gendered metaphor for the crisis, and finds that post-1997 narratives of women's mobility increasingly revolve around normative judgements regarding young women's independent mobility and sexual behavior.     

The Scandinavian languages

This article suggests that the enterprise of Mark Bevir's book (The Logic of the History of Ideas, Cambridge, 1999), is the reverse of what his title implies. Bevir seeks not to delineate the peculiar logic of a specialised subfield of history called the ‘history of ideas’, but rather the logic which underlies historical pursuit considered in general as the ‘explanation of belief’. If this is so, then the relationship between belief, meaning, and speech act in intellectual texts, and the task and method of the intellectual historian, must be reinterpreted along lines closer to those of Quentin Skinner than Bevir would allow. Indeed, Bevir's criticism of Skinner, which hinges on his own account of malapropism, is shown here to fail. The article concludes with brief reflections on the purpose and nature of studying the ‘history of ideas’.     

Ulu leang 2, an iron age jar burial cave in South Sulawesi,Indonesia

There is rather little we can add as a summary of the presentation and discussion set out above. Disturbed jar burial sites are intractable archaeological assemblages; they are difficult to date precisely, difficult to interpret as centres of ritual behaviour, and, perhaps in consequence, have been rather neglected by archaeologists in Indonesia. Far more examples need to be described in detail, and much better methodologies need to be developed in order to extract the maxinum information from them. Whether they can be attributed to a single linguistic or cultural group is most doubtful, and it is probably the case that not all the people of the same community followed the same disposal practices.

Burial sites do however offer unique possibilities for investigating important aspects of past societies such as the differentiation of wealth, status, and power; nutrition, demography, and health; exchange and value systems, and, of course, the technology reflected in those rare and valuable items that are seldom found in secular and domestic deposits. With this in mind we would believe that the presentation of the Ulu Leang 2 burial assemblage, partial and confused though it is, is a worthwhile, if small step in the right direction.     

从清政府的满语保护政策及效果看少数民族语言保护问题

清代是以满洲贵族为主建立起来的一个王朝,作为一个少数民族政权,为了防止在广大的汉族地区丧失民族特性,他们对其民族语言——满语,采取了语言保护政策:民族交往限制、强化满语国语地位(诸如:官员选拔、司法、公文、教育中的强制使用),但都没有改变满语消亡的历史命运。从这个历史事件中,笔者试图通过对民族语言工具性文化地位的考察,来重新考量国际上当前流行的民族语言保护问题,希望对当今的文化政策有所借鉴。     

The origins of the theophoric week in the Germanic languages

The Germanic terms for the days of the week that contain the names of Germanic deities are often taken to result from Romano‐Germanic interactions in the fourth century AD. Yet this need not be the case: the linguistic arguments underpinning this view are not decisive. A reassessment of these names suggests that an early medieval process of transfer in scholarly Christian contexts may be equally, if not more, plausible.     

Local Histories,Global Markets: Cocoa and Class in Upland Sulawesi

Research and policy concerning the Southeast Asian uplands have generally focused on issues of cultural diversity, conservation and community resource management. This article argues for a reorientation of analysis to highlight the increasingly uneven access to land, labour and capital stemming from processes of agrarian differentiation in upland settings. It draws upon contrasting case studies from two areas of Central Sulawesi to explore the processes through which differentiation occurs, and the role of local histories of agriculture and settlement in shaping farmers’ responses to new market opportunities. Smallholders have enthusiastically abandoned their diversified farming systems to invest their land and labour in a new global crop, cocoa, thereby stimulating a set of changes in resource access and social relations that they did not anticipate. The concept of agency drawn from a culturally oriented political economy guides the analysis of struggles over livelihoods, land entitlements, and the reconfiguration of community, as well as the grounds on which new collective visions emerge.     

Property and Authority in a Migrant Society: Balinese Irrigators in Sulawesi,Indonesia

Multiple definitions of resources as property lead to competition over legitimate authority between state and non‐state organizational and institutional arrangements. This article focuses on the overlapping and competing domains of the water users’ association, WUA, and the ‘traditional’ Balinese irrigators’ institution, subak. While the former is backed up by the power of state regulation and administration, the latter derives legitimacy from Balinese irrigators. The author presents a case study of the establishment and transformation of property rights in an irrigation‐based Balinese migrant society in Indonesia; he concludes that, in the ongoing process of competition for authority and mutual adjustment, both institutions undergo important transformations.