THE RETURN OF THE SOCIAL

This article is concerned with the social exclusion agenda in contemporary French cultural policy, exploring the relevance of aspects of postcolonial theory to an understanding of that agenda. The tensions involved in recent attempts to evolve policies addressing interculturalism, integration and “emergent” cultures (such as hip‐hop) while also staying true to the French republican tradition of universalism are illuminated by France’s problematic relationship with its colonial past. They are also shown to be related to a wider movement of post‐industrial, postmodern experimentation with aesthetic forms, from video and computer art to street arts, free parties and electronic dance music.     

THE GROWTH OF LITERACY IN FRANCE DURING THE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES

ABSTRACT

The Ottoman Empire faced catastrophic events during its period of dissolution which started with the First World War. At the end of this war, the Ottoman lands were shared by the Allied forces. As a reaction to this occupation, the Turkish War of Independence started in 1919 and finished in 1923. The authors aim to examine how these events were reflected in the ?stanbul bourse, using Ottoman government bond prices data between 1918 and 1925. Econometric methodology of Carla Inclan and George Tiao (1994 Inclan, C., and G. Tiao. 1994. Use of the cumulative sums of squares for retrospective detection of changes of variance. Journal of the American Statistical Association 89:913–23.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) identifies several break points, which imply a lower risk for the repayment of the bonds during the end of the First World War and the Turkish War of Independence.     

SHEEP IN THE YEAR OF WOOD SHEEP

<正>Editor's Note:During Tibetan New Year celebrations,a colorful sheep head carved with yak butter is always placed in the middle of an altar in each household.The sheep head is pronounced as"Loguo"in Tibetan,similar in sound with"Losar",meaning the Tibetan New Year.As2015 is the Year of the Wood Sheep in the Tibetan calendar,we present this special report on why the sheep holds     

RETHINKING THE SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE ARTS

The paper presents a critical discussion of the current debate over the social impacts of the arts in the UK. It argues that the accepted understanding of the terms of the debate is rooted in a number of assumptions and beliefs that are rarely questioned. The paper goes on to present the interim findings of a three‐year research project, which aims to rethink the social impact of the arts, with a view to determining how these impacts might be better understood. The desirability of a historical approach is articulated, and a classification of the claims made within the Western intellectual tradition for what the arts “do” to people is presented and discussed.     

THE DEVELOPING WAY OF THE DECHEN TIBETAN BUDDHIST INSTITUTE

<正>The Dechen Tibetan Buddhist Institute is located about three kilometers from the south end of the town of Shangri-la and approximately one kilometer or so from the Shangri-la airport.Lijiang highway is in front of the institute with its back facing a beautiful scenic view on a small primitive mountain.The Dechen Buddhist Institute was founded     

THE ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL SECURITY POLICY

Books reviewed in this articles:
Henry J. Aaron, Economic Effects of Social Security
Peter J. Ferrara, Social Security; Adverting the Crisis
Carolyn L. Weaver, The Crisis in Social Security; Economic and Political Origins     

1990年以来西方城市社会地理学研究进展

本文对1990年以来西方城市社会地理的研究特点进行概括,表现为研究成果不断增多、主题多样化和研究方法上从量化到质化的转变,然后从内容上进行归纳,包含社会公平、疾病与健康地理、犯罪地理、感应地理等研究重点,其中社会公平又细分为对弱势群体地理研究、福利地理以及女性地理学。这些研究在侧重点上有较大转变,从一般性社会要素空间区位探讨过渡到要素背后的社会、文化、政治等情境的结构式剖析,注重研究社会空间的隐喻和文化意义、社会问题对空间的塑造机制以及特定空间对人的再造等。在此基础上对西方城市社会地理研究进行简要评价,归结为问题导向、主题多样化、地方性研究和质化与本位研究主导,最后提出对中国社会地理研究的初步建议:壮大中国社会地理研究队伍、积极借鉴其它学科、以居民日常行为地理研究为突破口。     

ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE STUDY OF PAPER SAMPLES DATING FROM THE FIFTEENTH TO THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY

Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy is used to detect paramagnetic impurities in differently degraded antique sheets of unprinted paper. Impurities consist primarily of transition metal ions (Fe³⁺, Mn²⁺, Cu²⁺) present in different environments and symmetries. Organic radicals, common in modern, wood pulp paper, are absent in these antique samples made from rags. Fe³⁺ is the largest impurity (from 300 to 700 ppm). Mn²⁺ is also present but its concentration does not exceed 50ppm. Cu²⁺ has been detected in about one-third of the samples. Coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance data, these results describe degradation as an hydrolytic process leading to a net increase of amorphous cellulose and to a decrease of bound water. Copper and rhombic iron appear to act as efficient degradation catalysts, whereas the presence of octahedral iron is almost irrelevant.     

光绪癸未年宁波金融汇票

2003年3月,笔者在宁波范宅古玩市场收集到一张宁波当地的光绪癸未年金融汇票（如图）及其他借票、除票等若干张。这批票据均是在镇海被发现整理出来的,同时发现的还有清代的田契、税单等,《宁波晚报》2002年11月8日“清代税票现身范宅”曾作报道。     

Walking Around Zari IN THE YEAR OF MONKEY

Zari is a holy mountain in theeyes of the Tibetans. In thefourth and fifth months ofthe Tibetan year, they come to walkaround it. Generally, it takes eight to10 days to complete the circuit.Legend has it that a Buddhanamed Xigong lives atop the ZariMountain which, however, is alsohome to a ghost called Qoi. Tibetansbelieve that if they fail to worshipthe mountain and walk around itevery 12 years, the ghost will emergeto ruin their lives. Walking aroundthe mountain just once will givethem a…