POLITICS, LABOR RELATIONS, AND PUBLIC PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT: RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT

The establishment of collective bargaining in the government service necessarily heightens the political context of public personnel administration. The personnel process becomes a more open system for decision-making and consequently subject to a greater variety of influences. Especially in the implementation of policy, the personnel specialist acting as part of the management team shares responsibility with union representatives. Generally, human resource management is characterized by more give and take bilateral relations but the areas of greatest union impact are pay and discipline policies and practices. The viability of public sector labor relations will be severely tested in the eighties as governments face the dual demand for smaller work forces and increased productivity. The outcome will have a direct bearing on the work of public personnel administrators.     

PUBLIC PERSONNEL POLICY IN A POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT: AN OVERVIEW

Although frequently treated as apolitical by social scientists and practitioners, public personnel administration has always been infused with political considerations. Today, it is more widely recognized that personnel policy choices can have political ramifications of major consequence. However, this policy realm is characterized by a number of competing values espoused by different governmental institutions and private groups. The civil service reforms of 1978 created more coherent personnel policy and greater clarity among the various competing interests and participants. Nevertheless, the political environment of public personnel administration remains so complex that the issue of whether it is possible for public managers to manage lively is legitimately raised.     

武汉市滨水公共游憩空间生产的过程与机理

城市滨水公共游憩空间是城市功能转型的典型代表。运用实地调研、访谈、批判性语篇分析等方法，基于列斐伏尔的空间生产理论和福柯的微观权力理论，建立起贯穿空间规划、建设、管理和使用全过程的解构思路，从“规训者—反规训者”视角分析了武汉市滨水公共游憩空间生产的过程和机制。研究发现：①武汉市滨水公共游憩空间的生产是规训者与反规训者相互作用、共同推动的结果，经历了由空间的表征主导的“游憩化规划”阶段，由空间的实践主导的“水岸重塑”阶段和由表征的空间主导的“流动秩序实践”阶段；②多元利益主体在不同阶段形成了自上而下的趋同性空间再造和自下而上的异质性空间实践，但政府始终主导着空间生产过程，保障了其游憩化、公益性方向。     

美国国家公园休闲土地管理中三个模型的应用及启示

美国国家家公园管理水平世界领先,运用归纳、描述方法介绍了休闲土地管理中的三个模型:休闲机会图谱(ROS)、可接受改变极限(LAC)、游客体验与资源保护(VWRP)的应用理念、设置要素、标准及管理过程,提出游客休闲体验与资源保护之间的矛盾可以通过"管理设置"而得到统一和实现,并指出公益性理念、模型的科学运用及多方参与的管理机制是美国国家公园成功的关键所在。     

人的空间行为与公共秩序管理

本文从人的空间行为入手,分析了人的行为特征与空间的对应关系,探讨了针对人的空间行为进行公共秩序管理的具体方法。     

人才地理学研究

人才地理学是人文地理学的一门新兴学科,其产生是由社会实际问题,人才系统与地理环境关系和人才地理研究者的研究基础决定的。本文对人才系统与地理环境关系、人才地图、人才地域分布、人才地域结构、区域人才资源配置和开发战略、人才地理学体系等方面进行了研究总结,认为今后人才地理学要坚持调查研究、坚持理论与实际相结合进行专题研究,在此基础上综合创新、进行理论体系的建设。     

旅游开发与管理的时空耦合规律初探

旅游开发具有明显的时间过程规律,也有一定的空间层次规律。从供给和需求两方面论证了时间规律和空间规律的耦合特性,即越是高层次的区域,越强调旅游开发的高级形态和综合效益。结合安西县、酒泉地区、甘肃省和西部地区等不同层次区域的旅游开发规划实践,考察了时空耦合规律的存在,为旅游开发、管理提供了时空统一思维框架。     

THE SOURCES OF PUBLIC POLICY: WELFARE POLICY IN THE AMERICAN STATES

The conceptualization of political and economic determinants of public policy as interactive rather than sufficient causes is subjected here to a comparative state analysis. An examination of interactive effects of culture, wealth, and gubernatorial power on AFDC grants and Medicaid benefits offers empirical illustration of Stonecash's reconceptualization of the classic politics-process-policy model. The results indicate that political dispositions become more potent in combination with increasing concentrations of wealth and executive power.