五千年前的人、鸟、兽玉组合器

The unity of man, bird and beast is a piece of jade in the early period of Liangzhu culture, the craftsmanship of which is fairly perfect. The shape has profound eannntations, that is, the unity of man, bird and beast stands for the jinn worship of heaven, earth and ancestors. Its appearance marks the end nf the preliminary religion and the coming of the systematic human religion.     

Knowledge Changes Fate - Stories of Three Generations of Women Seeking Knowledge

Abeautiful place called Tsomey Village is situated in the valley on the west bank of the Tohlung River in Mar Town of Tohlung Deche County. Dondrup Drolma, a 62-year-old Tibetan lady, has retired from ber previous post as the director of the local women＇s federation. Evenso, she looks healthy and has a healthy body shape. Her appearance does not show any sign of the obesity usually resulting from old age.     

Double-body pottery pot

The double-body pottery pot was unearthed in 1977 at the Karub ruins in Chamdo,Tibet,and has a history of more than 4,000 years.The shape of the vessel is made of two identical bag-shaped gallipots connected together,so it is named"double-body pot".According to the fibet Museum,the pot mouse has a diameter of 11.3cm,a bottom diameter of 8.4cm and a height of 19cm.Its texture is yellow pottery with sand.The mouth is horn shaped,straight neckt abdomen is con nected bag shaped double body,cervical shoulder has a pair of holes for tying rope.The surface of the pot is exquisitely decorated;with the use of carved lines and Cinnabar black painting decoration.The ware is full and beautiful in shape,ingenious in conception and skilled in craftsmanship,which represents the highest level of pottery production of Karub culture at that time and is known as the representative work of neolithic pottery in Tibet.     

In the Wake of Political Intervention： British Hong Kong and the Lingnan Macroregion

This article attempts a preliminary exploration of the intraregional cohesion and division between British Hong Kong and the Lingnan macroregion. A deliberately overlooked locale in Skinner＇s macroregional model, Hong Kong developed from a periphery zone on the far eastern outskirt of Lingnan in its precolonial days to a thriving metropolis at the end of British rule. The transformation of British Hong Kong attests to the economic fundamentals of intraregional cohesion. More significantly it highlights the decisive power of political intervention, underestimated in Skinner＇s approach, which brought enduring changes to the shape as well as the internal and external relations of the macroregion.     

＂Long Distance Medical Treatment＂ in Old Tibet

In 1966,Ngawang Dorje served successively as a military lieutenant,party secretary of the district,subprefect and vice director of the People＇s Congress of the county.He is adept in agricultural production.Having formally retired,he was again reemployed by the county government to work in the agricultural development office of the county until finally retiring today.At present,he is living in his house located at Gyantse County in a comfortable and relaxed old age.     

Tibetan Population:Favorable Changes

More 100-Year-Olds in TibetWhen Yuzin, aged 101, woke up tofind warm sunlight comingthrough the windows of her room, sherose to wash and breakfast. After this,she made a small pot of buttered tea andcarried it on a ritual walk around theBuddha pagoda in the village. As a matter of fact, Yuzin is one of116 people aged over 100 years old inTibet. In 1991, however there wereonly 57 such people.     

Wooden Bowls In Tibetan Families

In Tibetan families, there are always two wooden bowls, a big one and a small one, the former for the father and the latter for the mother. In well-to-do families, each wooden bowl has a silver lid, on which are carved patterns symbolizing good luck. In even wealthier families, every wooden bowl is inlaid with silver and carved with patterns, with only a finger-width part left in the middle of the bowl to show its wooden nature. Above it is the lid and under it is the tray, both made of silver. The lid is shaped like a tower and inlaid with silver and gold, on the top of which is a red agate forming a handle. The tray is especially unique. It is in the shape of eight petals of a lotus, with a pattern of good luck on each petal altogether making up the traditional eight propitious omens.     

说汉阳陵"罗经石"遗址的建筑设计

This article discusses the architectural plan of the so-celled“ Stone of Compass“ Site of the Han Dynasty, Located in the south of the mausoleum of Han Emperor Jing. Based on new archaeological finds published in recent years, the author concludes three points: First, the square building on the site is very similar to the design of the board of Liu Bo game that was very popular in the Han dynasty; Second, it also is closely related to the design of the Han mirror with Liu Bo pattern; Third,this site has a similar layout to a famous ritual building,i.e.Wang Mang‘s Ming Tang Hall.Finally, the author explores the nature of this site, and suggests that it should be the Mausoleum Temple of Han Emperor Jing, i.e.De Yang Temple, indicating that there is a close relationship between the early plan of the Ming Tang Hall before Emperor Jing and later Mausoleum temples.     

GORDONG DANCE IN XINLONG

In Tibetan the Gordong dance is called "chor", referring to a folk dance unique to the Tibetan race. However, no one knows its source, although most believe it evolved from ancient religious ritual.In Tibet, religion held an important position in social life, and religious activities exerted great impact on daily life. Gradually, such a religious ritual evolved into what is now the Gordong dance, made unique by various historical, cultural, economic and environmental influences, customs and …     

A Journey INTO Xiangtang

Xiangke Town, seat of Xiangtang County, sleeps in thebosom of emerald mountains skirted by the picturesque Duke River and the GarmaStream. The environment forms a beautiful picture that impresses visitors withsnow-capped mountains, sparklingrivers, and forests under a blue sky.Inside the town, with a population ofsome 9,000, there are two cementstreets in the shape of a "T" Flankingthe streets are buildings and stores. Atdusk, the town is lit up, and the localsbegin to enjoy their nightlif…     

THE SED-FESTIVAL AND ANCIENT EGYPTIAN CHRONOLOGY

The problem of the periodic character of the sod-festival, as with other aspects of this mysterious ceremony, has long been discussed and is still the subject of debate. This ritual was intended to be celebrated by the king, normally after a reign of thirty years had elapsed -- the so-called ＂thirty-year principle,＂ --which is taken by general consent to be a significant feature of the sed-festival. Yet, there is disagreement as to how to use records relating to the sed-festival in chronological studies on account of the fact that a number of records of the sed-festival are dated prior to the thirtieth regnal year of the king. Due to our hunger and need for datable sources, none the less, historians cannot always resist the temptation to assess the length of a king＇s reign on the basis of the sed-festival records, sometimes even though only scant evidence is available.     

论蒙古鹿石的年代及相关问题

The Deer Stone is an important cultural remain which is scattered a lot in Mongolia, Mainly in the west and northwest areas. It is also found in the Eurasian grasslands but very little in quantity. as for its age, there exist many different views for a long time. Actually the Deer stone displays a way of personification of stone statue, so we usually can find carved weapons and tools on the waist of it. Nevertheless, we can deduce the age according to these carvings. Archaeological discoveries in the northern-grasslands of China show that the carvings on Deer stone are all the typical vessels that were very popular in the late Shang period. Such as the beast-headed or bell-headed short sword with curved handle, the beast-headed sword with upright blade dagger, the ring-headed or double ring-headed short sword, the mushroom-headed short sword, the tub-shaped htchet, the arrow-shaped vessels and etc. Thus lead us to the conclustion that most of the Deer Stones must be of the late Bronze Age(11-7BC).As for the Deer stone culture‘s Similarity in some aspects to that of cultures like Lijiaya, Weiyingzi, third phase of Weifang culture or Xiajiadian culture in the north parts of China, that reflects the northern grasslands bronze culture of China left a strong influence on the cultures of Mongolia.     

Wealthy Families in Nangka Township

Baima Chasi is a farmer-turned-taxi company manager. She lives in Nangka Township of Donggar Town in Deilungde-qen County in the suburbs of Lhasa. The way she carries herself, and herfacial expression belie her real age of littlover 40. The courtyard of her house is verylarge with a garage spacious enough topark three or four vehicles, in addition to cattle pen. Dried beef of a whole head of cattlehangs in a cool place outside her kitchen. In her sitting room are a lot of flowersSeei…     

“所愁晓漏促，不恨灯销柱”——记青铜人骑兽形灯座

The ancient Chinese lamp is an example of the perfect unity of visual art and applied fine art. Ingeniously conceived and elaborately made, this lamp is shaped as a man riding a beast, which is the excellent one of the lamps found so far. Well-documented, this author begins from the function of the lamp stand and the main characteristic of the shape to conduct a systematic study.     

Victor REBRIK, IHAC

The book is confined to the study of the “popular morality” of the Athenians of the second half of the fifth century BCE and the whole extent of the fourth. The author moves outward from the central phenomenon of Athenian life, the oikos, comprising the family and extended family (Chapter 1), with a more sideways to take in threats or alternatives to the family, in the shape of courtesans and other ladies of irregular status (Chapter 2), returning then (Chapter 3) to the oikos with a chapter on problems of inheritance. After this he passes (Chapter 4) to the topic of friends and enemies, as essential feature of the Greekpolis.     

Offspring of Handicraftsmen

My parents are the descendants of handicraftsmen. My father was born in 1933 and is 68 years old. At the age of 13 he learned gem inlaying technology from grandpa. There were five brothers in my father＇s home, but he lost his mother at the age of five. At the age of 18, he married and I was born when he was 25.     

Historical Relics(2)

Xuande Copper Diamond Bell and Diamond ClubThis set of bell and club was a ritual instrument donated to Tibet by the Ming Central Government in the period of Emperor Xuande's reign (1426-1435). In the     

EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN GARZE

For half a century, the Garze Tibetan Ethnic Group Autonomous Prefecture has made impressive progress in local education, and now has 231 primary, 72 middle and 7 polytechnic schools. Nine-year compulsory education is prevalent in Kangding and Luding, and six-year compulsory education is practiced in 77 other towns and townships. Attendance by school age children has risen from 0.25 percent in 1950, the year before the peaceful liberation of Tibet, to 84.32 percent at present; and the illit…     

Burning Aromatic Plants to Worship Deities

Burning aromatic plants is a religious ritual indispensable forworshipping activities.BURNING AROMATIC PLANTS ON THE 15TH DAY OFTHE 5TH TIBETAN YEARLegend has it that King Gesar subdued many demons andwiped out evil in the interest of his people. One day, he summoned his men, and sang:"Whom should deity protect d there are no people ?Everything will turn upside down if there is no deityWhen there are both the people and the deity, everything willbecome auspicious.The 15th…     

Preserving the Traditional Tibetan Medicine

正Tibetan medicine adheres to strict regulations and rigorous traditional medicinal theories in gathering materials and processing procedures.Before and after the medicine is made,a religious ritual must be held to enchant the medicinal materials for seven days,during which monks,pharmacists,doctors,