1755年里斯本大地震：论一场自然灾害的历史影响力

直到今天,1755年底摧毁了非洲西北部与伊比利亚半岛大部分地区的地震与海震,仍然在“里斯本大地震”的标题下作为事件存在在欧洲与德国人的记忆中。这与许多对这一自然事件进行解释与评论的,随着逐渐扩大的时间距离也把它用作隐喻的文本有着密切的关系。但是这些文本不能解释,为什么这一事件在远离其发生地点的德语国家与地区会产生惊人的热烈反响。本文对当时的观察与解释模式的分析表明,除了家庭或商业关系以及当时流行的对恐怖事件的乐趣以外,更重要的是通过想象产生的经历的共同性,是它为该事件的广泛流传与深入解释提供了基础。“里斯本地震”被与各地的自然经历联系在一起,使当代人感到其现实性,随后,它成为许多“小”故事的固定组成部分,并且与它们一起流传下来。     

传闻入史与情爱内涵:"竹叶羊车"考

"竹叶羊车"典出<晋书>,<南史>也有类似记载,反映帝王生活荒淫."羊车"并非驾羊.该故事实出于民间传说,是竹、羊生殖崇拜与帝王荒淫生活的结合.这种传闻入史,保留了一定历史时期的民间传说,成为后人认识该时期文化的宝贵资料."竹叶羊车"在后代成为文学典故,广泛用于宫廷、闺情等题材.通过考察其传闻入史的生成过程及情爱内涵,有助于理解诗文中的用典.     

When Natural met Social: A Review of Collaboration between the Natural and Social Sciences

Abstract

This paper investigates the opportunities for further collaboration between the natural and social sciences. From 81 systematically identified and reviewed papers published in scientific journals, it became clear that complex situations that depend on human behaviour as well as natural processes require natural–social science collaboration. The creation of a community of collaborative natural–social science research, that learns from and can contribute to best practice across the sciences, is advocated to support natural– social science collaboration. Across disciplines, it became clear that such a community should deal with (1) difference between paradigms in the current sciences; (2) creation of skills and competences of the involved scientists; (3) scarcity of institutions sympathetic to collaborative research; and (4) the internal organization of collaborative projects.     

古希腊哲学嬗变的社会历史动因

古希腊哲学走向沿循着社会历史发展轨迹起伏波动。古希腊历史上不同时期的社会状况对哲学产生了重要影响,呈现出明确的阶段性、层次性。即不同历史时期,哲学家们所关注问题的差异性清晰可辨,而且映衬着古代希腊社会历史走向。探讨古希腊哲学嬗变,着眼于社会历史动因,通过社会历史演进解读哲学的发展变化,有利于认知古希腊哲学的时代特征。     

反思与前瞻:中国近代社会史研究的再出发

中国近代社会史复兴四十多年来,成绩令人瞩目。与此同时,日益突出的新老问题,比如近代社会史的贯通性问题、思想理论缺失问题、宏观研究不足问题、区域的代表性问题、脱离时代中心话题的问题,以及过度恋慕地方文献的问题等,正在成为困囿社会史继续前进的桎梏,应当引起学界重视。当前社会史处在与时代同步伐的关键节点上,从事近代社会史的学人十分有必要秉持“长时段”“总体史”和“整体史”的史观,重新审视这些问题,思考探索近代社会史研究再出发的诸种可能性。     

The Social and Historical Context of Short-Term Stylistic Replacement: A Zuni Case Study

Large collections of ethnographic ceramics created over multiyear periods of intensive collecting provide a way to bridge discrepancies between the temporal scales of ethnographic studies based on single field visits and archaeological analyses of assemblages accumulated over much longer periods of time. The Smithsonian's Stevenson collections of Zuni ceramics, consisting of 3500 vessels, were assembled in three intensive field seasons over a 6-year period. They are particularly useful for addressing questions about rates of stylistic change and the relative use-lives of vessel forms and sizes with known ethnographic functions.