读刘禹锡送僧诗

唐代思想家、文人与佛教僧侣多有交往,刘禹锡是其中之一。其《刘宾客文集)第二十九卷有《送僧二十四首》,其它卷还有几篇送僧人的诗和为高僧写的碑文。读这些诗文,可以使我们具体了解刘禹锡与僧人交往的情况,理解刘禹锡思想与佛教思想的关系。     

涂月僧在册亨

自从清朝雍正五年(1727年)设册亨县建制(当时叫州同,其中1925年1926年称知事)起,到民国三十七年(1948年)止,121年间,先后有82人到册亨任县长(州同、知事)。82人中,惟独涂月僧先生任县长期间,有故事在民众口中流传至今。谓之“百里挑一”,可见他是与众不同的县长。永垂史册的涂公月僧去思碑1939年7月1日至1941年4月,涂月僧先生在册亨县任县长,历时三年。册亨县老县城在今册阳村,城西面的钻山,离县城不到一公里,在公路右侧的大岩山石壁上,有一面高高的石碑,上书“涂公月僧去思碑”。这是一面削壁磨山做碑的工程。碑高1.5米,宽80公分,凿壁深度…     

《全宋詩》所收僧詩致誤原因探析

《全宋詩》中收入了大量的僧人及其詩歌作品,無論從詩僧人數還是詩歌數量上都超過了前代。它爲我們提供了豐富詳實的宋僧研究資料和線索,是了解宋代詩僧況,研究宋代詩僧、詩歌以及整個宋代文學,不可或缺的總集,具有較高的學術價值。但是由於種種原因,其中也存在着不少疏漏和失誤,如漏收、誤收、重出等。筆者在進行《全宋詩》僧詩補正工作中,就所發現的《全宋詩》所收僧詩的錯誤、疏漏之處進行了初步的歸納總結,大致分爲七類,探討其致誤的原因,以爲我們今後工作的借鑑。     

西藏的浪荡僧

过去,在习惯上将西藏各大寺的僧人分为三种不同的类型。即:学习(闻、思、修)五部大论(般若、中观、释量、戒律和俱舍)的僧人为学经僧,既非学经僧,又非浪荡僧,而专司行茶、端饭等琐事(出家年月不长不短者)跑腿干杂事的为中等僧;另外不完全遵守寺规戒律,懒散好斗,     

《全宋诗》所收僧诗致误原因探析

《全宋诗》中收入了大量的僧人及其诗歌作品,无论从诗僧人数还是诗歌数量上都超过了前代。它为我们提供了丰富详寅的宋僧研究资料和线索,是了解宋代诗僧状况,研究宋代诗僧、诗歌以及整个宋代文学,不可或缺的总集,具有较高的学术价值。但是由于种种原因,其中也存在着不少疏漏和失误,如漏收、误收、重出等。笔者在进行《全宋诗》僧诗补正工作中,就所发现的《全宋诗》所收僧诗的错误、疏漏之处进行了初步的归纳总结,大致分为七类,探讨其致误的原因,以为我们今后工作的借监。     

“四僧”小议

弘仁、髡残、八大山人、石涛是活跃于清初的四位僧人画家,画史上合称“四僧”。近日我在为《故宫藏珍品文物全集·四僧绘画》卷(扌先)写“导论”时,对“四僧”的资料稍稍作了整理,发觉其中许多大家熟知的事情其实存在问题或被忽略,值得再讨论,特为拈出,稍作解释,故云“小议”。     

论唐代的内供奉僧

内供奉僧滥觞于唐玄宗设置翰林院,从此始有僧人入内谓之翰林待诏,供奉朝廷。在唐代,把侍从皇帝左右的高僧大德习惯上称为"内供奉僧",似与把侍从皇帝左右的近臣称作"内供奉官"如出一辙。内供奉僧是佛教与唐朝政治结缘的产物,深刻反映了唐代皇权政治对佛教的某种需要。唐代内供奉僧出入禁省,或亲承顾问,或讲经化导,或斋戒诵经,或论难儒、道。他们还长期积极活动于宫禁之外,临坛度人,传扬经典,弘扬佛法。内供奉僧借助其特殊身份,为佛教在唐代的繁荣发展赢得了良好的政治环境,并为佛教在唐代的发扬光大做出了积极贡献。内供奉僧还在唐代政治生活中扮演了重要角色,唐代政治领域到处留下了内供奉僧的身影。     

僧安道壹佛教铭刻图式传播成因研究

僧安道壹作为北齐著名的僧侣和书法家,曾在历史中湮没千年。但自上世纪末以来,僧安道壹的佛教铭刻重见天日,他存世的遗迹便被视为北齐的顶尖书法成就,而其极富视觉张力的特殊图式,也受到学界的广泛探讨。北齐以佛教为国教,僧安道壹佛教铭刻在北齐广为传播的过程,仿佛北齐历史发展侧面的一个缩影,亦是佛教在北朝逐步本土化的最好印证。本文将从崇佛风气、上层赞助、审美关系这三个角度去探讨僧安道壹佛教铭刻图式在北齐全域内传播的原因,佛名佛经的传播是北齐佛教传播与本土化最好的缩影。     

“五僧”之担当在佛门书史中的地位探讨

文章介绍了担当的书法成就,分析了其书法特点,并与清初四僧的书法风格做了比较。邢文先生认为担当足可与清初四僧并列,遂提出“五僧”之说。文章将担当的书法地位放在佛门书史中进行了探讨。     

清末僧教育会与寺院兴学的兴起

20世纪初年,面对来自官绅双方的提拨庙产兴学运动之强大压力,在先后谋求藉信徒之力消极抵制和借助外来势力的庇护均告失败之后,佛界一部分寺僧开始自办学堂和组织教育团体来推进佛教教育.与此同时,为了避免来华日本佛界寺僧所带来的外交纠纷,作为官方的晚清学部于1906年颁布了教育会章程规范僧教育团体,从而建立起了僧界之间以及僧界、士绅阶层与官方之间的联络机制.虽然僧教育会当时影响不大,但它促进了近代佛教教育团体与佛教教育的发展,为民国以后的佛教复兴奠定了一定的基础.     

Life of Monks

If Tibetan Buddhism were taken as a lake.Lhasa would be an island inits center.When the wind blows,the lake ripples with gentle waves spreading out to the eastern tip of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.That part of the world is home to Tibetan.Tu and Han ethnic groups and boasts 29monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism. Why were there so many monasteries in sucha small and remote place inhabited by not only Tibetans,but also people of other ethnic groups?     

Announcing: The Janice Monk Lecture in Feminist Geography

In this brief announcement we have the pleasure of introducing the inaugural Janice Monk Lecture in Feminist Geography. The lecture will appear annually in the pages of Gender, Place and Culture. The first lecture, printed here, is by Ruth Fincher of the University of Melbourne. Her article is preceded by four papers that pay tribute to Jan Monk's academic achievements and her dedication to encouraging and guiding the careers of emerging scholars around the world.     

“大错和尚”钱邦芑

钱邦芑是明末清初的诗文家和学者,曾在永历王朝做官,隐居在贵州余庆县的蒲村,在这里创建他山景区,筑堤为湖。据守贵阳的“秦王”孙可望逼他出山任职,他祝发为僧,自号大错和尚。后流寓云南和湖湘。生平坎坷,著述颇丰,成为一代高僧。     

Monks and hermits in medieval love stories

Monks and hermits are frequently mentioned in courtly romances. It is an unresolved problem whether these are real men or the product of literary imagination. The monks and hermits of love literature do evolve over time: whereas in the twelfth century they are predominantly monastic figures, later they are laymen. This article examines the literary image of the monk and hermit, including their role as advocates of marital fidelity, and asks how effective these models were for contemporary Christians, especially in cases where poets abandoned their secular life to become monks and hermits. With the rise of the friars traditional literary images were not abandoned. Emphasis is placed on the role of the hermit as a symbol of the quest for divine love.     

Monks and hermits in medieval love stories

Monks and hermits are frequently mentioned in courtly romances. It is an unresolved problem whether these are real men or the product of literary imagination. The monks and hermits of love literature do evolve over time: whereas in the twelfth century they are predominantly monastic figures, later they are laymen. This article examines the literary image of the monk and hermit, including their role as advocates of marital fidelity, and asks how effective these models were for contemporary Christians, especially in cases where poets abandoned their secular life to become monks and hermits. With the rise of the friars traditional literary images were not abandoned. Emphasis is placed on the role of the hermit as a symbol of the quest for divine love.     

西夏境内的汉僧及其地位

西夏是党项羌人以兴庆府（今宁夏银川市）为中心所建立的政权,其境内生活着党项、汉、吐蕃、回鹘、契丹、女真、鞑靼等多种民族。西夏建国前后,统治者大力提倡佛教,自德明开始,先后六次从中原宋朝求得大藏经,并据之用自己的民族文字——西夏文进行翻译,现传世的百种西夏文佛经,大部分都译自汉文。西夏境内尽管民族众多,但无疑应以汉族人口居多,在前期的译经及后期的校经施经活动中,都有许多汉僧参与其中,加上中原佛教发展水平较高,故而汉传佛教对西夏佛教的发展产生了深刻的影响。然而,史料中对西夏汉僧的记载却远远少于吐蕃僧人。从黑城出土的西夏佛教文物与文献,尤其是西夏法典《天盛改旧新定律令》等文献的记载,结合史书的记载可以看出,汉僧在西夏社会中的地位既不如回鹘僧人,也远逊于吐蕃僧人,更无法与西夏僧人相比。出现这种情况的原因有二,首先是由汉人在西夏境内社会地位低下这一因素决定的,其次应与西夏长期与宋朝为敌。西夏统治者对汉人僧侣怀有戒心不无关系。     

日本早期诗僧的文化解读

奈良平安时期的日本诗僧包括“披着袈裟”的出家僧侣和“不披袈裟”的居士或准居士诗人。日本诗僧群体的产生不仅与唐代盛行的诗僧文化密切相关,还受到佛经中诗偈的潜在熏陶。佛教被提升到日本国家宗教的高度后,日本诗僧亦表现出亦佛亦俗、亦僧亦士的双重性人格。     

唐代高僧驻锡地的地理分布

本文通过详细的统计数字,分析了唐代南北方高 僧驻锡地的基本特征,前后期的主要密集分布地带及其形成原 因,并对各道内部前后期的分布变化进行了论述,对高僧驻锡地 格局与籍贯分布进行了比较研究,对认识唐代佛教地理变过很有 帮助。     

《〈兼名苑〉辑注》订补

<兼名苑>是唐代僧人释远年编纂的类书.该书汇集事物别名异称,对于名物训诂以及语源学研究都有很高的参考价值,但成书不久便遗佚不存,因此国内各种书目文献对<兼名苑>以及作者鲜有记载.<兼名苑>在中日文化交流中被"遣唐使"带回日本,并受到很高的重视.日籍<本草和名>、<倭名类聚抄>以及<医心方>曾多次引用<兼名苑>,之后<兼名苑>在日本也散佚流失了.近年有学者钩沉中日典籍中<兼名苑>佚文,整理为<〈兼名苑〉辑注>一书.本文对书中的注释以及佚文作了补充.     

Challenging Hegemonies through Connecting Places,People and Ideas: Jan Monk's contribution to international gender geography (with particular reference to Spain)

The main goal of the paper is to study Jan Monk's contribution to the development of international gender geography, in particular in Spain. Our aim is also to explain the experiences and numerous connections among places, people and ideas that she has been weaving to foster international scholarship and, in this way, how she has challenged hegemonic approaches in feminist geography. Jan Monk comes originally from the Southern hemisphere and therefore she is well aware of the extent to which ‘Northern’ (or Anglo-American) ways of seeing the world define concepts, theories and ideas in geography (and also in feminist geography). Being an ‘insider’ and an ‘outsider’ as well as her sensibility to the important of place has permeated Jan's contribution to international gender geography.