Omsorg om livet. Spädbarnsdödlighetens förändring i Ådalen under 1800-talet [Caring about life. Infant mortality in Ådalen,Sweden, during the 19th century]

The Finnish forest workers' trade union and employers' organizations signed their first wage agreement in 1957 and first collective labour agreement in 1962. Many other sectors had concluded such agreements years earlier. This article challenges the widely accepted idea that collective labour agreements were becoming ubiquitous in Finnish industrial relations soon after the Second World War. Forest workers were left out of this process, and up until the late 1950s their wages and working conditions were not determined by the labour market parties but by state authorities – the state legislated and regulated forestry wages. The explanation for the delayed development of labour market practices in this sector can be found in forest work itself as well as the state's active role. This work was, up until the 1960s, done mainly by small farmers who were reluctant to unionize and unable to otherwise promote their interests. The situation changed when professionalization made them more or less full-time forest workers who more often joined the union. At the same time, the state created organizations and institutions which encouraged labour market parties to cooperate. Their shared struggle against political interference pushed labour market parties towards collective bargaining.     

Catharina Raudvere,Anders Andrén and Kristina Jennbert: Myter om det nordiska. Mellan romantik och politik . Vägar till Midgård I. Nordic Academic Press,Lund, 2001. 191 pp. ISSN 1650-5905, ISBN 91-89116-19-4

A method of grouping early post‐glacial settlements is described. This is based upon Quaternary geological, archaeological and statistical methods. Hakes were measured from settlements dated ‐with a high degree of certainty through the agency of the natural sciences, and the results obtained were treated statistically.     

Dreyfus,Georges B.J., Recognizing Reality: Dharmakīrti's Philosophy and Its Tibetan Interpretations. [SUNY Series in Buddhist Studies]

Indo-Iranian Journal -