论17、18世纪德意志地区的宫廷犹太人

在17、18世纪,由于欧洲及德意志地区政治经济状况的变化、犹太人特殊的历史经历以及对居住地表现出来的“忠诚”和“弱民”地位等原因,在德意志地区出现了一个特殊的犹太人群体——宫廷犹太人。他们利用其经济方面的影响,积极参与在宫廷的军事斗争、政治生活和日常生活,受到宫廷的信任,取得了较高的社会地位。虽然他们与犹太社团有着一些冲突,但他们并没有忘记自己的犹太人身份,在管理犹太社团事务、形成新的犹太社团、传承犹太文化等方面发挥着独特的作用。这个时期宫廷犹太人的活动为犹太启蒙运动和犹太人的解放准备了条件。     

近年来国内德国史研究

近几年来;我国的德国史研究取得新的深化和拓展。本文从德国通史和宏观研究、古代中世纪至近代德国史研究、现当代德国史研究、德国对外政策史研究、德国统一问题研究等方面,综述2000—2005年国内学者发表的主要研究成果。     

挪威双城记 奥斯陆与卑尔根

<正>无论Beatles或村上春树,人们对《挪威的森林》总抱有太多虚幻的遐想。高纬度造就的极寒气候冷酷地诞生出粗犷漆黑的木头房子、欧洲梦魇般的维京海盗与千百年来山妖肆虐的传说,却让易卜生、格里格和蒙克成为拯救世俗魂灵的天使。在这个颇为神奇的国度里,两相遥望的卑尔根和奥斯陆作为新旧交替的都城,赋予了挪威被发现和感知的众多世界级的遗产——关于文明、人性、艺术,以及凝固在中世纪的生活。     

祥瑞與北宋徽宗朝的政治文化

通過與宋真宗朝的比較,本文探討了北宋徽宗朝的祥瑞體系及其所體現的政治文化背景。徽宗朝祥瑞體系與傳統的區別在於:首先,徽宗朝的祥瑞是日常存在的,而非突發的事物。其次,徽宗朝瑞物的核心部分,是當下的製作,主要是新製禮器。再者,君主本人是祥瑞體系的重要組成部分。徽宗朝的祥瑞體系建設,並非爲了合法性,而是展現了徽宗時代"自我作古"的歷史定位;其内容與手段,則體現了"儒學復興運動"之於現實政治的雙刃劍意義。     

Money and robbers, 900–1100

To robbers and thieves money is more tempting than other commodities. There was more money in Europe in 1100 than in 900. So we should expect, other things being equal, an increase in robbery in these two centuries. This expectation is confirmed by a survey of recorded cases; and it finds further corroboration in the fortunes of hagiographical motifs relating to thieves.     

The Low Countries' connection: landscape and the struggle over representation around 1600

In Anglophone geography, the concept of landscape is often defined in visual terms as the expression of a spatial rationality. Historically, the strongly visual qualities of landscape tend to be related to early capitalist developments in Italy and the Low Countries. Yet, recent scholarly interventions have asserted that landscape in early modern Europe also animated so-called ‘platial’ (or place-oriented) practices and ideologies of political representation, justice, and custom. This paper seeks to bring these diverging platial and spatial approaches together through an examination of political and visual representation of landscape in the northern Low Countries around 1600. It is argued that the tensions between platial notions of landscape and spatial rationality were unceasingly pertinent to the protracted struggles over political representation in the Low Countries during the revolt against Spain. Visual representations of landscape provided ways to take in, reflect upon, and codify those struggles. The Dutch landscape remained entangled in a double dialectic in which spatial and platial modes of political and visual representation mutually shaped each other.