边塞遗风话长城——写在宁夏长城保护宣传日之际

这是集历代诗人咏宁夏的诗词名句重组的一首词。它形象生动地道出了宁夏历史地域文化边塞风格的特点。     

高适咏青海

高适（702？-765）字达夫,一字仲武,唐渤海蓨（今河北景县南）人。是唐代著名的边塞诗人,与岑参齐名,并称“高岑”。天宝中,他随河西、陇右节度使哥舒翰到今青海黄南、海南等地,写下了多首描写这一地区山川风物,记述发生在这里的重大历史事件的诗篇。     

宁夏固原博物馆馆藏三件国宝级文物综述

固原地处宁夏南部六盘山下,曾是我国历代西北重镇之一,又是丝绸之路东段北道必经之地。自古以来就是边塞要冲、历代兵家必争之地,文化底蕴丰厚,历史遗存丰富。固原博物馆馆藏三件国宝级文物北魏漆棺画、北周鎏金银壶和凸钉装饰玻璃碗,均为固原境内出土,对研究固原在古丝绸之路上的重要地位提供了实物依据。     

唐代边塞诗中诗酒共生现象浅析

唐代边塞诗歌中"酒"这一意象屡见不鲜,可以说与诗有着密不可分的联系。这些边塞诗中频繁出现的饮酒场面,与边塞诗人们对于酒的偏好有关,也充分展示出盛唐诗人的精神、气质和生活面貌。因而,研究唐代边塞诗中诗酒共生现象,无疑非常有助于加深我们对唐代边塞诗内涵和唐代边塞文化的认识。     

兰州的梨花

春天迈着轻盈的脚步来了,而最先感知春天到来的莫过于梨花了。唐代边塞诗人岑参曾赋诗有：＂忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开。＂诗人浪漫地将白雪比喻成梨花,同时也告诉了人们梨花是伴着春风而盛开的。     

李益及其边塞诗

李益是中唐边塞诗的代表诗人。其诗作豪放明快、雅俗共赏,富有音乐美,从多方面真实而形象地反映了当时边塞战争的实际,闪耀着现实主义和爱国主义的光彩。     

明诗咏青海

早在唐代,就有许多诗人写下了大量描述青海的“边塞诗”,但唐代写青海的诗人中,除高适、吕温以及《敦煌唐人诗集残卷》中的马云奇和佚名诗人之外,大多数人并未涉足青海高原,而明代歌咏青海的诗篇就产生在本乡本土,西宁诗人张问仁和从各地来青海的文人学士、官吏将佐创作的诗篇,构成了明代咏青诗歌的主调。     

红星照耀星星峡

红星照耀星星峡王有生星星峡，位于新疆、甘肃两省交界线的咽喉之地。历代边塞诗人和文人墨客途经此处时，多有即兴吟咏之作。清朝乾隆年间，著名学者洪亮吉就曾写下“天上星，白皑皑。地上星，黑累累。星星峡中十五夜，天星地星相激射”的生动诗句。１９３７年４月底，红...     

浅谈岑参边塞诗的西域文化风格

盛唐边塞诗人岑参曾两次出塞。这期间他写了不少充满爱国激情、戍守边疆、歌咏西域民族风土人情的诗歌,并记述了许多鲜为人知的唐朝中央政府为维护祖国统一,在西域进行的几次重大战事。     

纵死犹闻侠骨香——王维边塞诗浅析

唐代青年时期的王维,是一个才华横溢、充满理想的热血男儿。他创作了不少以军旅边塞生活为题材的诗篇,风韵沉雄,豪气凌云,创作年代远在盛唐边塞诗派代表作家高适、岑参之前,堪称盛唐边塞诗人的先驱,在盛唐边塞诗中占有重要地位。王维青少年时期正是由中宗、睿宗衰世转向开元盛世的历史大变动时代。开元之治使大唐国威复振,开始有能力改变长期受突厥、吐蕃侵扰的局面。蒸蒸日上的盛唐和风云激荡的时代,让具有开拓精神的青年王维胸怀建功立业的报国之志。２１岁时,他赋七言《燕支行》,用浑朴自然的诗句直抒胸臆,表达了对卫青、霍去病的无限仰…     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

The Chemists' Style of Thinking

Der Denkstil der Chemiker. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit des Begriffes “Denkstil”, wie er von Alistair Crombie eingeführt und Ian Hacking aufgegriffen wurde, für das Verständnis dessen, wie das Fach Chemie historisch seine Identität ausgeprägt hat. Obwohl weder Crombie noch Hacking den Begriff “Denkstil” in Bezug auf einzelne Disziplinen verwendet haben, erscheint im Fall der Chemie seine Anwendung besonders vielversprechend, weil er hier hilft, ein zentrales Problem zu thematisieren – nämlich die Frage, wie es Chemikern trotz wechselnder Gegenstandsbereiche und theoretischer Umbrüche gelang, eine eigenständige und stabile Identität auszubilden. Nach einer Einführung in den Begriff “Denkstil”, argumentiert der Aufsatz, dass die Beständigkeit der Chemie als eines Faches wesentlich in ihren Laborpraktiken gründet, die ihrerseits wiederum die spezifische Art der Fragen bestimmten, die Chemiker in ihren Forschungen stellten bzw. die Form der Antworten, nach denen sie suchten. Folgende Merkmale kennzeichnen diesen “chemischen Denkstil” (1) eine spezifische, im Herstellen begründete Form des Wissens, (2) die Befassung mit einzelnen Stoffen und Materialien statt mit Materie im Allgemeinen und (3) eine Beobachtung von Natur besonders im Hinblick auf Transformationsprozesse. The Chemists' Style of Thinking. This paper discusses the relevance of the notion of “styles of scientific thinking” introduced by Alistair Crombie and revisited by Ian Hacking, for understanding how chemistry shaped its identity. Although neither Crombie nor Hacking applied this notion to individual disciplines, it seems appropriate to use it in the case of chemistry because it helps to address a puzzling issue: how did chemists manage to shape an identity of their own, despite shifting territories and theoretical transformations? Following a presentation of the notion of style, I will argue that the stable identity of chemistry is rooted in laboratory practices, which determined the specific questions that chemists put to nature as well as the answers to their questions. The “chemical style of thinking” is characterized by i) a specific way of knowing through making, ii) the concern with individual materials rather than matter in general and iii) a specific commitment to nature.