鞍子山写意

鞍子山位于官亭镇西面10公里处,先锋———梧释沟的西南面,北有三川古刹崖尔寺景点,南有三川名山之一麻呢山。鞍子山又叫骆驼山,形状既像马鞍子又像驼峰,两个山峰并列。山顶上较平坦,从山脚到山顶都是大白土堆积而成。唯有山顶平坦处方圆100平方米的地方有细沙。关于这细沙的来源还有一段鲜为人知的神话传说哩。以前鞍子山这两座山峰每年不断地往上增高,西藏拉萨色拉寺的一位活佛睡梦中看到青海安多地区的一座青山快长到天的最高处。他被这奇景惊醒了。醒来后知道这是一场梦,感到蹊跷,于是起卦占卜,经卜算得知青海安多东南部确实有一座青山…     

Landscape Archaeology and the Medieval Countryside: Settlement and Abandonment in the Nemea Region

This paper examines the processes of settlement and abandonment of the medieval countryside as revealed by archaeological surveys undertaken in southern Greece. The Nemea region, the focus of an intensive archaeological survey, serves as a case study. Early archaeological surveys approached this time period primarily from a historical point of view. Political history provided the textual frame while the archaeological data were expected to “fill in” the gaps of the historical record. In contrast, in the last twenty-five years the second generation of surveys has taken an active interest in the archaeological documentation of the medieval countryside. The settlement trends observed in Nemea are viewed as manifestations of a variety of political, social, and economic processes.     

In the Trenches Around the Ivory Tower: Introduction to Black-and-White Issues About the Grey Literature

The “grey literature problem” is a common phrase because technical reports produced by the majority of practitioners are perceived to be inaccessible, not peer-reviewed, and of low quality. These issues, however, are as much cultural as they are about indexing and databases, review procedures, and content. Unconventional, non-university-based publication venues and alternative forms of literature constitute an opportunity for bringing fresh ideas and new perspectives to the discipline, for reporting state-of-the-art research, and engaging a wider pool of participants. Nontraditional publication venues have a range of benefits including speedy distribution, presentation of abundant amounts of data, inclusion of in-depth analyses, consideration of a range of methodological and theoretical issues using sizable datasets, often rigorous multi-tiered peer review, and avoidance of many of the stifling political hurdles and time delays of traditional publishing. Honest pursuit of knowledge and effective communication begin with citation of this alternative form of publication, objective assessment of its content absent a double standard, and acknowledgement of the scholars who produce it.     

Environmental Reconstruction and the Abandonment of the Largo-Gallina Area,New Mexico

Abstract

The hypothesis that significant climatic change occurred in NW New Mexico between 1200 and 1300 A.C., resulting in the abandonment of the Largo-Gallina area, was tested. Analyses of samples of microfaunal, corn, and pollen remains from a dated series of Largo-Gallina Phase sites and geological studies all support the conclusion that the study area experienced changing environmental conditions, probably the result of steadily increasing aridity, beginning about 1250 A.C. Study of the Largo-Gallina corn materials indicates that crop quality deteriorated substantially towards the end of the span of occupation.     

论寨峁梁房址的建造、使用和废弃

2014至2015连续两年的考古工作,清理了晋陕高原上目前揭露最为完整的一处龙山时代石城聚落——榆林寨峁梁遗址。本文以寨峁梁遗址材料为基础,尝试复原龙山时代以窑洞为主体建筑的前后室房址的建造过程和使用情况,并着重探讨了寨峁梁前后室房址的废弃时间和废弃原因。通过与中国北方地区发现的史前窑洞的比较,作者认为,以寨峁梁为代表的前后室房址是窑洞式居址的复合结构和高级形态,半地穴覆顶的前室应为起居空间,掏挖于生土中的窑洞为卧室。根据灶址的使用和室内器物的相关情况推测,寨峁梁聚落当废弃于夏秋季节,其废弃原因可能与社会动荡引起的冲突事件相关,寨峁梁龙山先民系突发性的自行迁移。     

The Conflict over Property Rights during the Second World War: The Labour Party's Abandonment of Land Nationalization

The Second World War brought about a dramatic increase in supportfor land-use control in urban areas primarily as a result ofthe impact of the blitz on British cities. The wartime controversyover land reform reached a climax during the second half of1944 following the publication of the Government's Town andCountry Planning Bill and the White Paper on Control of Land-Use.Up until 1945 the Labour Party supported a policy of land nationalization,but this was not included in the manifesto for the 1945 GeneralElection. This article will argue that the Labour Party abandoneda policy of land nationalization not because it feared the creationof internal divisions or damaging its electoral chances (supportfor land nationalization was anyway running high in the opinionpolls), but that it was responding to pressure from Labour localgovernment for more immediate housing and town planning reform.     

The Comfort of Denial: External Assistance in Southern Sudan

Aid organizations profess universalist objectives, such as humanitarian principles and human rights, whilst operating in areas in which these objectives cannot be fulfilled. How do they deal with the disparity between the claims they make and what actually happens? How are parts of the story covered up, and what do the stated objectives achieve? This article argues that denial — at a personal, organizational and institutional level — is crucial for sustaining assistance, and is facilitated by the language of rights and principles. Drawing on research from southern Sudan, it explores how aid organizations construct an official version of events that fabricates clarity whilst maintaining a degree of tactical confusion. This establishes a political morality, a seemingly ethical position that has political and psychological returns.     

Regional Survey and the Boom-and-bust Countryside: Re-reading the Archaeological Evidence for Episodic Abandonment in the Late Roman Corinthia

This paper reexamines the archaeological evidence for three episodes of rural abandonment and resettlement in the countrysides of Late Roman Greece (200–700 CE): an abandoned Late Hellenistic-Early Roman countryside (second century BCE to third century CE), a decline in the third to early fourth centuries CE, and the Dark Age beginning in the seventh century CE. The first and third episodes of abandonment, especially, have sharply defined Late Antiquity (250–700 CE) as a healthy period of new rural settlement and economic resurgence, and the entire pattern has been described in the terms of “boom-and-bust” demographic and economic cycles. Closer readings of the archaeological data can contribute to more sensitive pictures of continuity and change in settlement and connectivity in the late antique Corinthian countryside and other regions in Greece.     

Pit Structure Abandonment in the Four Corners Region of the American Southwest: Late Basketmaker III and Pueblo I Periods

Abstract

Anasazi pit structures dating to the Basketmaker III and Pueblo I periods (ca. A.C. 500 to 900) in the Four Corners region of the American Southwest experienced a variety of different processes at abandonment, ranging from dismantling the superstructure to intentional burning. Data from 88 pit structures are used to examine the relationship between these processes and the causes of pit structure abandonment. Results suggest that burning was not usually the result of catastrophic events, such as accident or warfare, but may be part of ritual activities or even a response to insect infestation. The incidence of burning does not seem to increase over time as a result of the postulated transition of pit structures from domestic to ceremonial uses. Dismantled and trash-filled pit structures suggest that new dwellings were often constructed near abandoned ones, perhaps because the old structure was deteriorating. A few pit structures with human bodies on the floor at the time of abandonment may signal the desertion of the entire settlement.     

Remembering and Forgetting: The Relationship Between Memory and the Abandonment of Graves in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Greek Cemeteries

This paper examines the concept of commemoration as an expression of social memory and its relationship to time and space as manifested through the mortuary evidence from Modern Greek cemeteries. Of particular interest is the act of commemoration itself: who remembers whom and the length of time that this type of memory endures. Based on evidence collected from a number of different cemeteries in northern Kythera and the eastern Corinthia, I argue that memory at the nuclear family level determines the length of time a grave is remembered as a physical location. Once this memory ceases to exist, the grave gradually enters a process of neglect, which ultimately leads to its abandonment. Some abandoned graves are recycled for use by other families who, in the absence of any recollection or memory of the grave, remove and destroy the old monuments (if they exist) and the remains of the previous occupants. Particular burial spaces are, thus, reclaimed by new groups.     

康有为的“大中国观”与革命派放弃“驱除鞑虏”口号

190 2年 ,康有为深情表白 :“以我之愚 ,窃爱大中国 ,爱一统 ,若其为印度焉 ,分为众小以待灭 ,此则我之愚 ,所不敢知不敢从也。”他以“大中国观”反对喧嚣一时的狭隘民族主义 ,导发了一场思想大论战。通过论战 ,革命派接受了“大中国观”,清算了“民族复仇”、“满汉分治”、“特法治满”等错误主张 ,放弃了有严重负作用的“驱除鞑虏”口号 ,形成了巩固中国统一、体现民族平等的“五族共和”方针