浅谈应用语言学当前形势和发展

当前应用语言学主要是指语言上的教学,而从更宽广的范围上来讲语言学也包含了心理学、自然科学、社会学等等很多在实际生活中能够运用到的学科。本文主要分析了语言学当前的形势和目前存在的一些问题,语言学在发展中也充满了活力,而当前社会出现的网络词新鲜词日新月异,语言学在时代的发展中不停地发生着变化,语言学的教师和研究者也面临着新的挑战.     

晋侯墓出土楚公逆钟铭文新探

本文论证楚公逆钟铭文的祭祀对象“四方首”指四方社、稷之神。钟铭记载了对楚国社稷、祖先的一次大祭祀,其中使用了战争掠夺的人牲作为祭祀品。文末对铭文中读为“谐”与“肆”的两个字做了解释。     

认知原理在对照语言学中的应用——日语授受关系句型与汉语的表达

本文将日语授受关系句型中对于学习者来说难以掌握的典型用法与汉语表达相比较,尝试认知语言学原理在对照语言学中的应用。本文使用的认知语言学原理为池上提出的事态把握理以及Traugott提出的相互主观化原理。其中,Traugott的相互主观化原理在原有的基础上做了重新定义。本文的考察结果为,日语授受关系句型中体现了说话人主观的事态把握方式,而与其对应的汉语表达则体现了说话人客观的事态把握方式;另外,相互主观化现象在日语授受关系句型中有所体现,而在对应的汉语表达中没有体现。     

文言小说《谐铎》定名之文化传统

清人沈起凤文言小说《谐铎》因其诙谐幽默、讽谏劝善、寓庄于谐、寓教于乐而备受世人重视。"谐"是一种智慧,是对完美的客观世界的艺术表达",铎"相比单纯的讽刺,有某种针砭时世、道德敦化、归于雅正的宏大愿望和封建文人使命感的隐性表达。作者以"谐铎"来定书名,有一定的文化传统,希望借助幽默诙谐的故事来劝戒警诫世人,"谐其口而铎其心"。     

社会应用语言学研究--论"语言接触"与中国语言学教育的发展

运用实证调查与分析的方法,以家庭环境语言行为为切入点,剖析环境中主体“语言接触”的特征及规律,研究社会应用语言学原理对中国语言学教育教学发展的影响,以促进语学教育教学的持续发展。     

浅析洪堡特语言研究中关于“语言和民族”的理论

洪堡特是语言学研究的集大成者,其关于语言和民族之间的相关性研究与当今社会提倡的"民族的即是世界的"理论不谋而合。这种语言学理论更是大规模运用到对外汉语的教学过程当中,对于第二语言教学中的文化教学提供了理论支持,对于第二语言教学的更好发展与前进提供了宝贵经验。     

试谈语言学理论在小学语文教学工作中的运用

语言学理论在工作、生活中的运用非常广泛。在小学语文教学工作中,更是时时相扣的,在小学语文教学工作中是离不开语言学理论的应用的。     

论英语与维吾尔语对比研究的意义

本文运用对比语言学的理论,初步探讨了英语与维吾尔语对比研究的背景、意义与这项研究的基本模式。     

论英语与维吾尔语对比研究的意义

本文运用对比语言学的理论,初步探讨了英语与维吾尔语对比研究的背景、意义与这项研究的基本模式。     

文化语言学视角下诗歌翻译浅谈

本文主要以杜甫诗作《房兵曹胡马》的两个英译文本为研究对象,通过运用文化语言学相关理论,研究诗歌翻译方法,以实现广泛传播中国文化的目的。     

ROME AND THE EAST. PRODUCTION OF ROMAN PROVINCIAL SILVER COINAGE FOR CAESAREA IN CAPPADOCIA UNDER VESPASIAN, AD 69–79

During the first three centuries AD several eastern provinces of the Roman empire produced silver coinages of specifically local denominations and types. It has been claimed that at certain periods the mint of Rome was employed to strike some of these coinages, rather than the provincial mints to which the coins are traditionally attributed. This claim is based mainly on stylistic observations, but because style is regarded as subjective, some other form of evidence to support these observations is desirable. In this paper three types of coin are submitted to metallurgical analysis: silver denarii struck at Rome; Roman-style provincial silver coinage; and 'local'style provincial silver coinage. The aim is to discover whether the Rome-style and 'local'style coins have different trace element profiles, and whether these might indicate different ore sources or refining techniques. The results are then compared with Roman denarii to see whether there are any similarities between the denarii and the Rome-style provincial silver coins.     

WARFARE AND ITS AFTERMATH AS REFLECTED IN THE PRECIOUS METAL COINAGE OF BELGIC GAUL

Summary. This paper is concerned with aspects of the Roman Conquest of Belgic Gaul in the first century BC which might be discerned through the study of the precious metal coinages issued by the indigenous inhabitants. Die studies are used as a basis for quantifying the output of the wartime coinages in relation to their predecessors, and the probable impact of the war in terms of the quantities of valuables which were permanently removed from circulation. The continued striking and use of native coinage after the war is also discussed and the material evaluated as a source of information on political arrangements and social conditions in the period preceding the implementation of Augustus'administrative reforms.     

IRONIC CORRELATIONS AND SCEPTICISM IN THE JOY STATEMENTS OF QOHELETH?

This is the second instalment of a two part study examining scepticism and ironic correlations in the joy statements of Qoheleth. In this article, the concept of irony is examined in relationship to Gattungen and scepticism in order to discern irony's literary effect. It provides a historical overview of the concept of irony in philosophical context - as well as looking at the role of context in interpreting irony - and whether or not irony is compatible with scepticism. The essential elements and definition of irony are then provided followed by a critical assessment of the above. The article then moves on to examine possible ironic interpretations of the joy statements illuminated by some ironic commentaries of Qoheleth. The article then runs the joy statements through a series of possible ironic Gattungen in order to interpret them followed by a critical assessment. Finally, the article draws some conclusions regarding ironic correlations and scepticism in the joy statements of Qoheleth.     

DETECTING CHANGES OF CELTIC GOLD SOURCES THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF TRACE ELEMENT AND Pb ISOTOPE LASER ABLATION ANALYSIS OF CELTIC GOLD COINS*

This project follows on from an initial study of Celtic gold coins from the Middle Rhine/Moselle region, which was based on material found at the Martberg, a Late Iron Age/Roman sanctuary and settlement (River Moselle, western Germany; Bendall 2003 ). The earlier work was expanded to encompass over 100 examples of various other regional Celtic gold coinages from the collection of the Römisch‐Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz. The alloy (Au–Ag–Cu) and trace element compositions (in particular Ni, Sb and Pt) were determined by EPMA and LA–ICP–MS, respectively, and their Pb isotope signatures were measured by LA–MC–ICP–MS. Of the 28 trace elements measured, only Ni, Sb and Pt were found to show meaningful variations and so only they are presented here. In particular, differences in the Pt/Au ratios between various groups of earlier coinage (imitations of Philippus and Alexander/Nike staters, Sch. 23 and some early Boian coins) on the one hand, and the majority of the Boian and the southern rainbow cup coinages on the other, indicate a significant difference in the gold sources exploited for these regional coinages. The Pb isotope data confirm previous conclusions that the contribution of gold to the total lead in the Au–Ag–Cu coin alloys can be detected, especially for coins with over 70% gold, and show that possible gold sources include both eastern Mediterranean and Alpine sources. Combining the Pb isotope data with the Pt/Au ratios allows the potential gold sources to be further differentiated.     

Average and core silver content of ancient-debased coins via neutron diffraction and specific gravity

The measurement of the fineness of debased ancient silver coins has proven to be a very difficult issue, which has been studied for a long time. In this paper, this subject is analysed, and the various consequences of the silver surface enrichment (SSE) are discussed exploiting the most recent investigations. A new model is proposed for the complex object that is an ancient-debased silver coin, based on the silver profiles measured on some sectioned specimens. The model is applied to a sample of 43 coins, mainly Roman victoriati, Cisalpine and Illyrian drachms (from late III to I century B.C.). The coins are investigated in two different ways: neutron diffraction (ND) and specific gravity (SG). The results of the two measurements are combined via the proposed model to provide a more complete numismatic information of the original fineness of the monetary alloy. As a result, a relation between SSE thickness and SG is derived, which, for these coinages, allows to estimate the original alloy silver content from a simple SG measurement; the same method can be used to study other debased coinages, provided that all the procedure (ND and SG) is applied.     

The 'folded flan' coinage of eastern Arabia: Some preliminary comments

In recent years a small number of peculiar coins has emerged from the southern shores of the Persian/Arabian Gulf imitating Athenian tetradrachms of the old style and sharing the oddity of being struck on a flan that had been folded before striking. This paper contains an overview of the pieces known so far and attempts to present some preliminary conclusions, while still awaiting a comprehensive study of this and related ancient coinages of the Arabian peninsula.     

Adapting Catholicism to Confucianism: Matteo Ricci’s Tianzhu Shiyi

Tianzhu Shiyi (The True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven) is the single most important proselytizing work of Matteo Ricci (1552–1610), the legendary founder of the early modern Jesuit China mission. Controversial since the early seventeenth century, it has been both praised and condemned for Ricci’s claim of a monotheistic affinity between Catholicism and Confucianism. Ricci’s gesture of friendship to Confucianism won him many Chinese friends and posthumously made him famous or notorious in Europe, but as this essay contends, it was never more than a tactical cover for him during his lifetime. Since the real purpose of his cultural adaptation was his unobtrusive engagement with the ancient Chinese philosophical idea of tianren heyi (humanity’s unity with heaven), what is ultimately so instructive about Tianzhu Shiyi is the light cast on Ricci’s intricate relationship with his Chinese friends and on the ironic twists and turns of his complex legacy.     

Interrupting Augustine: Hermeneutics,Allegory, and Irony in El perro del hortelano

Whatever else El perro del hortelano might be, it is a deeply ironic text about the difficulties of reading. The play not only stages acts of reading and writing where irony disrupts understanding, it is itself an ironic reading of Augustine's moment of conversion that shows the difficulty of allegorical and programmatic readings.     

Laughing at a saint? Miracle and irony in the Vita Gangulfi prima

This article examines the Vita Gangulfi prima, a text which was frequently copied and widely circulated in the Middle Ages. It argues that the text can be understood as an ironic discourse on miracle stories in hagiographical texts: the central message of the Vita is that meek and penitential living leads to sanctity, and not the enjoyment of stories about miracles. At the same time, the Vita presents the reader to some extent with a performance of this idea. The reader who sees through to the Vita's ironic intent is encouraged to laugh at the saint and thereby comes to comprehend the very sin for which the various characters in the Vita are punished, while the text simultaneously depicts penitence as the way out of this sinfulness. The Vita's critique of miracle stories made an eccentric contribution to a discourse which was also carried on in a number of other hagiographical texts of the early tenth century.     

Kings,crisis and coinage reforms in the mid‐eighth century

Between 740 and 770 coin reforms occurred in five north‐west European kingdoms: Northumbria, East Anglia, Francia, Kent and Mercia. Comparison between them highlights important common features, especially the advent of a more explicit royal role in the supervision of minting than had hitherto prevailed. Precipitated by a substantial downturn in production probably resulting in part from shortfalls in bullion supply, the new coin issues stem from a partnership between the king and other agencies: moneyers in the Anglo‐Saxon kingdoms; secular magnates in Francia. These coinages provide an insight into international connections and local adaptation, grounded in the economic role of coinage and a complex administrative background.