女红奇葩——民间绣荷包

The folk small articles are filled with the folk artist‘s intelligence and ingenuity,reflecting the artistic pursuit of the common people.These articles enrich the Chinese lives and embody their emotions. A small bag with embroidery is one of the popular accessories in ancient China. As time goes by,it gradually disappears; therefore,it is more worthy of studying by the folk professionals.     

浙江地区西汉墓葬的分期

The author researched by stages into Western Han Dynasty‘s tomb in Zhejiang Prefecture in this article depending on relative archaeological data. And through comprehensive analysis, the author discovered that the Ding(an ancient cooking vessel with two loop handles and three or four legs) and box at main glazed pottery from being buried with their master had relatively special position; the models of storehouse and the cooking stove that were very popular in central plains of China were discovered much fewer in Zhejiang prefecture; the formation and regulation of Western Han Dynasty tomb tombs in Zhejinang prefecture are very different as compared with central plains of China and they have rich local character.     

湖南津市窖藏元代金银器

A set of buried objects was found in Jin Shi, Hunan province in the May of 1984. The identification shows that two of them are ranked the nation‘s 1st rank treasures. Analyzed by their shape and decoration, they are of Yuan dynasty and bear the features of those of Song Dynasty. The designs on them are rather complicated, such as the dragon and phoenix, coiled grass, meander pattern, linked beads, and plum blossom, which are usually found in the objects of Yuan dynasty. The refined craftsmanship and gorgeous decoration demonstrate fully the features of Yuan dynasty.     

NEW BOOKS

4th Dalai Lama Yundain GyamcoAuthored by 5th Dalai Lama and translated by Chen Qingying and Ma Lianlong, the book tells the life of the 4th Dalai Lama who was the only non-Tibetan among the various generations of the Dalai Lama.As he was the first reincarnated Mongolian Living Buddha of the Gelug Sect, he held an important position in the history of the Gelug Sect. His period was a period filled with social changes, and little historical materials are found to cover his period. Publication of the book, published by the Tapei All Buddhist Cultural Undertakings Co. Ltd., is obviously a must-read book.     

年画的另类——鲁西南的“书夹子”

The New Year‘s pictures of Dong Chang Mansion are chromolithographic version with various topics in each aspect. The Shu Jiazi,introduced in this article, has more drama plays instead of the legendary stories, which is also a popular folk art form displayed bythe pictures with special character just like the common New Year‘s pictures. The author made an elaborated introduction on its origin, development and social functions.     

Crossing Walls to Date Girls in Zhaba

In Zhaba, whenever a boy falls in love with a girl, no ceremony is necessary. The boy only has to cross the 10-meter-high wall of the girl‘s house to spend the night with her. Children born in this way are brought up by the mothers; the fathers are exempt from responsibility, but make some efforts in terms of support under obligation. In their own maternal families,males play assisting roles in bringing up their sisters‘ children.     

A Small Project In Tibet——Project for Strengthening Tibetan Traditional Medicine （PSTTM）

The Tibetan Red Cross has a branch in Tibet and in LhasaCity, whose members are openminded, non bureaucratic and sincerely dedicated to the improvement of poor people‘s standard of living and life conditions. So, at the end of the year 2000, they accepted a small project that they have been working with and supporting since with success. The cooperation of local authorities (Lhundrup and Medrogongkar)at every stage and level also contributed enormously to the achievements of the project, It must be underlined that although the sponsors are Europeans and there is one foreigner working with inPSTTM, the work and expertise are solely based on local Tibetan and Chinese knowledge. The reason is simple: there is enough local knowledge for everything needed for this project.     

On Usage of the Subjunctive Mood in English

Mood is the kind of contrasts which are of-ten shown by the form of the verb and which express the speaker’s or the writer’s attitude to what is said or written. There arethree kinds of mood of the finite verbs in English. The papermainly deals with the use of the subjunctive mood.     

灵岩寺辟支塔塔基浮雕与阿育王传说

Linyan Temple of Shan Dong Province is one of the most favored cultural relics in China because of one treasure: Xue Zhi Tower with relief related with King Ayu‘s legend. Xue Zhi Tower is the symbolic building in Linyan Temple.which has eight sides and nine layers. The whole eight sides are decorated with 40 relief, but only 37 survived, which show the politicnl biography of Killg Ayuin India and how he converted to Buddhism.     

梅瓶三绝

The plum vases, one with a white dragon design over the blue ground of Yuan dynasty, one with a design of Xiao He chasing Han Xin in the moonlight in underglaze blue of the late Yuan and early Ming, and the other with pine, bamboo, and plum designs in underglaze red in the Ming dynasty under Hongwu‘s reign, are three important pieces in Yuan and Ming dynasties in Jiangsu Province. They might be rated as the three treasures in the Chinese porcelain world for their unique characteristics.     

NEWS IN BRIEF

WOMEN’S INSTITUTE ON TIBETOLOGY In November 2002,the Women’s Institute on Tibetology ofthe Department of Tibetology of Tibet University was launchedOf the 15 researchers,eight are women,including Prof.Qamwo-ba Cewang with Tibet University and a Norwegian scholar. The first research project undertaken by the Institute researchers is women’s compositions among Tibetan culturalworkers.The purpose of the preject aims at cultivating more young teachers,and seeing more women involved in Tibetan studies and academic exchanges.     

NewBooks：A Handbook of Tourism in Tibet

Have you ever been in Tibet？ Do you want to enjoy your holiday？ Why not go to Tibet, where you can see the blue Sky with flaky clouds, green hills with blossoming flowers, snowcapped mountain peaks, great rivers and beautiful lakes, dense virgin forests, Tibetan antelopes and wild yaks running in the vast grassland, picturesque villages and age-old Tibetan monasteries. All of these are just part of the beauty that can be found in Tibet. Tibet is really a lively and lovely place where one can calm down one＇s vexation and impulsiveness being transported in a whirl of clouds to a world truly apart. So don＇t hesitate about going to Tibet for a visit. There are several ways of getting to Tibet： either by air or by going overland. Many highways connect Tibet and other parts of China.     

The 11th Panchen Erdeni Visits Rural Families

Editor‘s Note: In the fall of 2004, this reporter paid a visit to the Tashilhungpo Monastery where the 11th Panchen Erdeni studies Buddhism and saw how he studied, debated with others on Buddhist doctrines and gave blessing touches to worshippers. The ll th Panchen Erdeni often visited farmers and scenic spots in the area. We are going to cover his life in different issues.     

浅析藏历纪年的确定及巧算

The Tibetan astronomical calendrical calculation has a long history. There are many documentary records and Tibetan people have rich experiences of it. Tibetan calendrical designation of years as a summary of Tibetan people‘s experiences in their struggle with the nature is an important part of Tibetan astronomy and calendrical calculation. It takes twelve years as a small cycle and 6o years as a big cycle. A big cycle is called “rabjung” {rab-byung} in Tibetan. The first rabjung started in 1027 and the current rabjung is the 17th rabjung.     

Traditional Tibetan Beliefs and Environmental Protection

EDITOR‘S NOTE: Traditional Tibetan culture contains a conscious awareness of environmental protection. It advocates balance between human beings and the natural environment, protection of the ecosystem,treasuring resources, and consideration of the benefits that should be left for future generations. In Tibetan history, the goal of environmental protection was achieved by means of traditional customs, moral obligations, religious beliefs and taboos, associated with unwritten routines of environmental protection to regulate people‘s behavior through self-conscious effort.     

Ancient Pillboxes In Dainba

In Dainba County of Garze Prefecture, there are many “skyscraping” pillboxes. Dainba County is situated to the east of Khamba. It lies between Gonggar Mountain and Four-Girl Mountain, and is adjacent to Aba Prefecture‘s Xiaojin County and Jinchuan County.     

Guo XIA, IHAC

R.J. Rhodes‘s reader focuses on the political institutions, political activity, history and nature of Athenian democracy and introduces some of the best British,American, German, and French scholarship on its origins, theory, and practice. The chapters of this book are grouped according to the kind of topic investigated, and variety of approaches will be found in each part of the book. Part I is devoted to political institutions, with chapters on Athenian citizenship (Chapter 1),     

Vice-Premier Chen Yi in Tibet

On February 9,1955,the State Council adopted the resolution on the Founding of the Preparatory Committee for the Founding of the Tibet Autonomous Region.A founding ceremony was held in Lhasa on April 22 the following year attended by a delegation sent by the Central Government.It was led by Vice Premier Chen Yi,with Zhang Jingwu and Wang Feng as its deputy heads.     

新书（英文）

正A Pictorial of Tibet History This book is co-edited by Chen Qingying,Dondrub Wangbum,Sherab Nyima,the late Liao Dongfan,Zhang Xiaoming,and Zhou Aiming.It is comprised of 95 historical accounts together with hundreds of pictures and brief explanations,telling the history of Tibet from ancient times to the peaceful liberation in 1951 with the general theme being how Tibetan civilization     

西安北郊明珠花园秦墓发掘简报

Tombs of Qin Dynasty unearthed from Minzhu Garden is a new discovery since the excavation Banpo Qin Tombs of Warring States period in Xi‘an.As a small cemetry, Which have concentrated graves with different, different shapes and special burial cutoms It especially deserves to be mentioned that the excuvation of 19 disordered Qin tombs give us a lot of new problems tobe praise worthy, Sachas, Who are the ownners of these tombs, What‘s the cause of the death and soon. In short, the excavation of the Qin tombs in Mingzhu Garden puts up with important data to the research of Qin tombs in Guanzhong district.