THE IMPACT OF THE SYSTEM OF MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS ON AGRICULTURE

Mathematical techniques are used to test the hypothesis that Soviet farm efficiency, as reflected in farm profit rates, is higher in areas where the boundaries of collective and state farms coincide with the boundaries of rural soviets, the lowest local government areas. Conversely, farm performance suffers when farm territories are broken up among two or more rural soviets. The use of Karl Pearson's coefficient of contingency, which may be used to measure the strength of a relationship between qualitative variables, shows a positive relationship between farm profit rates and boundary coincidence. The authors therefore urge frequent review of local government areas to insure that they correspond to the boundaries of agricultural operating units.     

TRAVELOGUE ON THE UNINHABITED LAND OF NORTH TIBET

<正>Setting foot on the eternally snow-covered Qinghai-Tibet national road and heading to the"roof of the world",my gaze was unavoidably fixed on the vast but harsh conditions in the north-west of the Tibetan plateau.This is the"Changtang uninhabited land"to which people so often refer. It has been about 20 years since I last encountered the"uninhabited land"of North Tibet.Surprisingly,however,today I find this mysterious land has undergone an earthshaking change.     

徐国青铜器群综合研究

目次一徐国铜器铭文研究二徐国青铜器的组合、形制与纹饰特点三徐国青铜器的特点一徐国铜器铭文研究由于徐国史料的匮乏,徐国铜器铭文作为第一手资料,对研究徐国的历史文化有着至关重要的作用。20世纪30年代,郭沫若对徐国铜器铭文作了初步整理〔1〕,其《两周金文辞大系图录考释》收录七件具铭徐器。1990年代初,董楚平对徐国铜器铭文作了较系统的整理〔2〕,其《吴越徐舒金文集释》收录二十三件具铭徐器。两先生对徐国铜器铭文的整理工作值得充分肯定,但因相关条件的制约,他们未能充分利用考古学方法对徐     

ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE UNIFIED STATE IN ANCIENT EGYPT

The annalist Manetho, a native Egyptian scholar-priest who lived in the 3^rd century BC during the reign of Ptolemy II （285-246 BC）, wrote a history of Egypt in Greek and divided the history of ancient Egypt into 30 （or 31） dynasties. He began with the unification of Egypt, making a Thinite king of Upper Egypt, whom he knows as Menes, the founder of the First Dynasty （ca.3100-2890 BC）. Menes is said to have built his capital at the junction of Upper and Lower Egypt, in a strategical key position. The new capital was called the ＂White Wall＂, it became later known as Memphis. There a great temple was built, dedicated to the god Ptah, who remained the patron deity of the city throughout its long history. Up to now no monuments of the First Dynasty have been found that would bear the name of Menes. Therefore, modem archaeologists hold that Menes should be identified with Narmer, the king whose relics have been unearthed at Hierakonpolis. Some scholars even doubt that Menes was a true historical figure, after all.