走,走

走,走,走,走跳,跳,跳,跳,跳跑,跑,跑跑,跑,跑现在,让我们停止,上下。走,走,走,走跳,跳,跳,跳,跳跑,跑,跑跑,跑,跑现在,让我们停止,Walking,walking,walking,walking Hop,hop,hop,hop,hop Running,running,runningRunning,junning,running Now,let's stop,Up and down.Walking,w     

木里藏族民俗文化

木里藏族自治县是四川省凉山彝族自治州所属的一个边远山区,位于四川省西南边缘。全县有藏,彝,汉,苗,蒙古,纳西,壮,布依,傈傈,回,羌,土家,满,锡伯,傣等15个民族,总人口11.5万,其中藏族人口34616,占总人口数30.04％。     

欧洲INVENVORG项目介绍——将统计方法应用在博物馆有机材料老化过程影响因素研究中

正近几十年来,对于有机质文化遗产和自然遗产降解机理的研究,已取得了很大进展,在此方面,欧洲的博物馆、高校、研究所及环保机构等已建立了不少合作项目(如IDAP,AER,IMPACT,LIDO,MIMIC,MASTER,MIP,ERA,SENSORGAN,PAPYLUM,SURVENIR,INKCOR,PAPERTREAT,PARELA,CARAMEL,     

北大荒歌

<正>北大荒,天苍苍,地茫茫,一片衰草和苇塘。苇草青,苇草黄,生者死,死者烂,肥土壤,为下代,作食粮。何物空中飞,蚊虫苍蝇,蠛蠓牛虻;何物水中爬,小脚蛇,哈什蚂,肉蚂蝗。山中霸主熊和虎,原上英雄豺与狼。烂草污泥真乐土,毒虫猛兽美家乡。谁来酣睡以榻旁,须见一日之短长。大烟炮,谁敢当!天低昂,雪飞扬,风颠狂。无昼夜,迷八方。雉不能飞,狍不能走,熊不出洞,野无虎狼。酣战玉龙披甲苦,图南鹏鸟振翼忙。天地末日情何异,冰河时代味再尝,一年四季冬最长。遨游牧民携篷帐,逐水草,牧牛羊,不来北大荒,农业居民治田庄,拓土地,种食粮,不择北大荒;部落酋长逞豪强,驰战马,动刀枪,不在北大荒。何以故,史无文,记其详。千年万年人不到,但有雁字书成行,年年来,自南方。不能牧牛羊,不能治田庄,不能比刀枪,古往今来留死角,白山黑水观脓疮。偶为暴客捕逃薮,间作逸民生死场,不有天神下界,匠星临凡,天精地力,鬼斧神工,何能稍改其面庞。共产党,日东方。经万战,获全胜,人民把家当,向龙王要水,向地藏要矿,向土地要粮。工农业,同时举,吐光芒。旧中国,原地上,建立社会主义新家邦,开辟北大荒;优秀儿女齐响应,懦夫懒汉尽惊慌。苇草蛇虫须迁让,寒风积雪莫再狂。千年往史无此日,万里长征再荣光。北大荒,红旗扬,好风光,生产大军上战场。赤手空拳,空奉张,裸头顶,露脊梁。真兄弟,好儿郎。草盖屋,苇作墙,苇折薪,草照亮,草铺褥,苇垫床。今日草为人用人作主,昨日地被草占草为王。修水库,建水网,平水塘,除虫     

HISTORICAL VALUE OF DOCUMENTS FOUND IN DUNHUANG

OfthevoluminoushistoricaldocumentstbundintheMogaoGrottoesinDunhuangearlyinthiscentury,about5,000volumesareinTibetan.Theycoverreligion,history,law,literature,medicine,scienceandtechnology.InherarticlecarriedinTibelSIudies(issueNo.2of2000),ZhangYuefengexplainedthevalueofthesedocumentsfFirst,theyareofhighdocumentationvalue.Theyspanalongperiod,andcomeofmanyvarietiesincludingBuddhistscrip-tures,prayers,legalsuits,indenturesbywhichthosesoldthemselves,historicalrecords,divinationspellsandevenpri…     

LIFE VALUE OF TIBETANS IN OLD TIBET

Article9ontheLifeValuesays:"Manisclassifiedintoupper,middleandlowerclasses,andeachclassisclassifiedintoupper,middleandlowerranks."Upper-classpeopleincludedtheTibetanking,LivingBuddhas,monkandlayofficialsandthenobility;Middle-classpeopleincludedgovernmentclerks,monksandmerchants;andLower-classpeopleincludedpeasants,blacksmiths,butchers,fishermen,hunters,celestialburialmasters,shallandpotterymakers.AccordingtotheCode,whenthekingwaskilled,hisbodywasvaluedingold;butthelifevalueofvagrants,blacks…     

Qamdo in History

istorically,QamdowasknownasKhamorKarmo,implyingeasternnbet,anditsmaIeresidentsasKhamba,meaningstrongmen.QamdoisdissectedbytheNujiang,LangcangjiangandJinshajiangrivers,andovershadowedbythreesoaringmountains,BosuIaling,T8niantawen,andDarmala-Mangkang.FAMoUSKARUBRUlNS.In1977,KarubViIlage,locatedsoutheastoftheQamdoCountyseat,atanelevationof3,1oometersontheLancangjiangRiver,becameanarchaeoIogicalsite.Excavationbeganin1978,andanareaof23osquaremeterswereunearthed.Thefollowingyeat,some1,…     

JOURNALS ON TIBETAN STUDIES Published in the Post-1951 Period

BeforethepeacefulliberationofTibetin1951,therewereonlyabout80kindsofjournalsonTibetanstudies.After1952,theCentralGovernmentgavespecialsupporttothepreservationandpromotionofethniclanguages.Newspapers,magazinesandpublishinghousesmushroomedinXinjiang,InnerMongolia,Yunnan,Guangxi,Guizhou,Tibet,Qinghai,Gansu,Yanbianandotherplaceswhereethnicgroupsliveincompactcommunities.Inthissituation,journalsonTibetanstudiesdevelopedintwostages:Firststage:1950-1980.Duringthisperiod,allthenewspapersandjounn…     

Journals on Tibetan Studies Published in the Post-1951 Period

BeforethePeacefulliberationofTibetin1951,therewereonlyabout8okindsofjournalsonTibetanstudies.After1952,theCentralGovernmentgavespecialsupporttothepreservationandpromotionofethniclanguages.NewspaPers,magazinesandpubIishinghous-esmushroomedinXinjianq,lnnerMongolia,Yunnan,Guangxi,Guizhou,Tibet,Qinghai,Gansu,YanbianandotherPlaceswhereethnicgroupswherelivingincompactcommunities.inthissituation,journalsonTibetanstudiesdevelopedintwostages:Firststage:195O-198o.DuringthisPeriod,allthenewspaper…     

登山·读山·造山

一人生最大的乐趣莫过于登山。登山可健身骨 ,强体力 ;亦可励雄志 ,磨性情 ,更可怡心灵 ,养浩气。故 ,我生在嵩山 ,长在嵩山 ,又立足于嵩山 ,是天赐的宝地与鸿福。登山有易难之分 ,有快慢之别 ,有高低远近之差。有路可走 ,有阶可登 ,有道可寻者 ,低也、近也、快也。遇上则上 ,遇下则下 ,遇峰则转 ,遇障则回登者众也 ,可谓之易也。无路可走 ,无藤可攀 ,无道可寻者 ,高也、远也、慢也。欲上不得 ,欲下不能 ,欲障不越 ,登者寡也 ,可谓之难也。有所闻无所观 ,有所观无所行 ,有所行无所达者 ,险也、奇也、更慢也。必披荆斩棘 ,勇猛精进 ,锲而不舍 ,方能登峰造极 ,登者极少也 ,可谓之更难也。春日登山 ,可观山花之艳妆 ,可浴温暖之和风 ,可得万木之香气 ,使人精神振奋 ,意气奋发。夏日登山 ,可观云烟之变幻 ,可浴暴雨之洗礼 ,可得飞瀑之清气 ,使人高蹈风尘 ,放情凌霄。秋日登山 ,可观高义之薄云 ,可浴冰清之寒霜 ,可得鸿鹄之志气 ,使人荣耀秋菊 ,翘首八荒。冬日登山 ,可观峰峦之素裹 ,可浴飞舞之白雪 ,可得松柏之骨气 ,使人自强不息 ,刚健中正。朝日登山 ,午踏峰端 ,日落而归 ,则是一鼓作气...     

中国城市单位制研究的一个新框架

单位制是计划经济时期,在特殊的时代背景和社会经济条件下,国家在城市构建中通过管理和控制人力及物质资源以实现共产主义和国家现代化为目标的基本工具,经历了形成、发展、成熟和转型的历史过程。单位制研究走过了30余年的历程,成果丰硕,但相对制度性研究,空间性和社会性研究还比较薄弱,实践性研究更加匮乏。提出将单位制研究置于人类社会历史的长时段背景中,从单位化、去单位化和新单位主义三个阶段和单位的制度性、空间性、社会性和实践性四个视角展开。三个阶段分别对应计划经济时期、改革开放的30年和今后和谐社会建设时期。制度性研究包括制度思想、构建逻辑和制度体系三个方面;空间性包括第一空间、第二空间和第三空间;社会性包括社会结构、社区发展和个体历程;实践性包括社会重建、旧单位改造和新单位规划。     

From Central Europe to the northern Adriatic: Habsburg citizens between Italians and Croats in Istria

Abstract

The subject of this paper are the Central European ‘foreigners’ in Istria between the middle of the nineteenth and the first part of the twentieth century. The article investigates the notion and identity of foreigners and their role in the social, intellectual and political development of the north-Adriatic peninsula in the concluding period of the Austrian sovereignty, until and immediately after the annexation by Italy. The people who settled in Istria during the period of Austrian sovereignty in the nineteenth century came from different areas of Central Europe, from Italy and the Balkan Peninsula. Some of them were foreigners and some were Austrian citizens, although citizenship was not the only attribute that measured the level of integration in the local society, especially in the multinational Habsburg Empire. Looking at the cultural and political developments in Istria, and analyzing the voluntary associations, the schools and the clergy, this article examines the presence of foreigners and the national composition and identifications in the little Adriatic peninsula. It explores the phenomena of negotiation and the capacity of the ‘outsiders’ from Central Europe (mainly Slovenes, Germans and Czechs) to deal with the local dynamics and patterns of nationalization, and verifies how Central Europeans identified with and integrated into Italian or Croatian national groups or produced separate channels of social and cultural interaction.     

地理学视角下的集体记忆研究综述

集体记忆植根于人、空间(地方、景观)、时间,是地理学研究人地关系的重要视角与手段。本文从理论渊源、研究内容、方法等对国内外相关文献进行梳理,提出地理学视角下的集体记忆研究框架。研究立足于集体记忆主体、载体和机制三方面,以空间、地方、景观、仪式、旅游等为主要研究对象,关注现象背后的政治性、竞争-协商性以及利益主体,个案研究为主,案例类型较为丰富,方法上定性为主,鲜有定量研究及相关模型构建。相比国外研究热潮与成果,国内研究仍处于萌芽起步与概念引入阶段,未来可拓展集体记忆载体形式的研究,深化集体记忆机制即人地关系层面,加强实证与量化方法应用。     

‘They'd Rather Go Play Footy’: an Exploratory Study of the Enjoyment and Benefits of the Arts in Western Australia's Remote Murchison Region

The role of the arts in the revitalisation and strengthening of Australia's rural, remote, and Indigenous communities has been of particular interest to Australian State and Federal Governments, as reflected through various policy and positioning documents. In order to understand the relationship between the arts and communities, it is important to explore why people engage in the arts and what might be some of the barriers to that engagement. For the rural, remote and Indigenous communities of the Murchison Region, the arts has been a useful way of reaching and engaging with residents to build a stronger sense of community, provide light relief and entertainment, and facilitate communication among community members, government, and industry. However, there are several barriers that impact on the viability of arts projects. These barriers are amplified in rural and remote areas, and particularly for the three case study communities of the Murchison Region for a number of reasons. These include the transient nature of the population, a lack of resources, isolation and remoteness, and local politics, culture and history. The arts can provide a context in which other non‐arts related outcomes, such as health, capacity building, income generation, and so on, are facilitated and achieved. It is important for policy makers to recognise and address the barriers which hinder activity and serve to lessen the impact of the arts on communities.     

Archaeological Interpretation of the Continuity of Chinese Civilization over Five Thousand Years

Chinese civilization has unique characteristics in the world civilization history. Its most prominent characteristic is the continuity of the “5,000-year” civilization. Over 5,000 years ago, different civilizations appeared in different regions of China and the civilizations mainly included their different early-stage theocracy and reign modes. Among these civilizations, the civilization that was handed on from generation to generation was the states with a reign mode that originated in the Longshan culture of Central China and its successors such as the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Dynasty, the Zhou Dynasty, the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty. This can be illustrated by the 5,000-year continuous inheritance of the country, people, and territory of China, proved by the 5,000-year inheritance and development of capitals, royal tombs, ritual and ceremonial buildings and vessels, and characters as the national culture (or major tradition) and resurrected by the capital’s centralization,“OneGate Three-Passage” pattern,“centralization of the main hall of the court” and the“Left Ancestral Temple and Right Altar” pattern, and the central axis of the capital, the four doors on four sides of the capital and court, etc. as the materialized forms of the core ideas of center and moderation. These materialized forms of the unbroken civilization became more and more in the past 5,000 years, which indicates that the ideas of center and moderation became stronger and stronger and were constantly deepened. The ideological roots of the 5,000-year unbroken Chinese civilization are the ideas of center and moderation, which are the ideological basis for the state identity and the core value of the Chinese national history.     

A Re-Appraisal of the Archaeological Findings at Tel Hashash: On the Archaeology of the Yarqon Estuary from Classical Times to Late Antiquity

Abstract

Tel Hashash is located within the boundaries of modern Tel Aviv. Surveys and excavations carried out in the site by the late J. Kaplan and H. Ritter-Kaplan during the 1960s and 1980s revealed remains and finds dated mainly to the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine periods. The present paper includes the presentation and analysis of these yet unpublished remains, and a revision of the excavators' conclusions about the function and history of the site in classical times and Late Antiquity, in light of the archaeology and history of the lower Yarqon river and the central coastal plain.     

新文化地理学视角下景观研究综述与展望

景观意义一方面要对其符号化的表征元素进行解读,另一方面也要关注其不可表征的意义。本研究梳理了国外新文化地理学视角下的景观研究,发现： ①表征视角下,一方面景观既被看作文化的产物,又是不同时期文化的再生;另一方面景观在权力博弈中曲折发展并推动其象征性意义的演变。②非表征视角主要关注日常生活行为、情感等方面所反应的社会变迁以及所感知的多元、复杂与不稳定的景观意义。国内新文化地理学视角的景观研究在西方思潮的影响下,对一些具体案例进行了尝试性研究,取得了一定的成果。本研究有助于中国学者结合转型期中国政治、经济、文化背景,构建具有中国特色的新文化地理学景观理论体系,推动新文化地理学在中国的良性发展。     

Rooting diaspora, reviving nation: Zionist landscapes of Palestine–Israel

This paper explores the politics of landscape and nature within the process of nation-building. In it I examine how landscapes can operate in multiple, intersecting ways in the service of an ideological discourse and how the politics of nature, specifically trees, can contribute to the shaping of a new national space and subjectivity. Focusing on the multiple renditions of Palestine promulgated by the Jewish National Fund (JNF) , I discuss how landscapes can entangle diaspora and homeland, aesthetics and embodiment, antiquity and modernity, with both conceptual and material consequences. Drawing on histories of the JNF and on a selection of historic newspaper articles and children's literature, I explore the circulation of aesthetic renderings of Palestine and the performance of embodied landscapes during the children's tree-planting holiday, Tu B'Shvat. I argue that the centrality of trees to the JNF, and the imagery of roots, renewal, family and innocence that they conjure, legitimised Zionist colonisation and naturalised the Israeli nation state and body politic. I also demonstrate how JNF landscapes and afforestation work assisted in the demarcation of Israeli nation-space and therefore in the material dispossession of the Palestinians.     

The view from the border: a comparative study of autonomism in Alsace and the Moselle, 1918–29

This article offers a comparative analysis of the origins and development of autonomism in interwar Alsace and the Moselle. Upon the liberation of the provinces in November 1918, the local populations of Alsace and the Moselle enthusiastically welcomed French troops. For President Raymond Poincare´ this enthusiasm constituted a clear ‘plebiscite’. But, in light of perceived heavy-handedness on the part of the new French rulers, this enthusiasm proved short-lived and rapidly gave way to a widespread malaise. In response to local fears for the preservation of their distinctive social, linguistic and religious traditions, Autonomist organisations emerged to oppose the loss of what they perceived to be the soul and character of Alsace and the Moselle. They rapidly became a pervasive force in local politics, cutting across ideological and class barriers and dividing parties. For the French government, autonomism represented a serious threat to national unity. For local autonomists, however, it represented an attempt to preserve local socio-economic structures and linguistic and cultural practices. The discussion here seeks to reposition autonomism within the context of local politics and to compare the distinct experiences of Alsace and the Moselle in the decade after their return to French rule.