Ronald Reagan's Indian Policy in Retrospect

This article examines presidential politics during the Reagan era with regard to the formulation, implementation, and aftermath of Reagan's Indian policy. Indian affairs proved to be a formidable testing ground for the drastic administrative budget cuts that transpired in the 1980s. Although the ill-effects of this policy were felt immediately in Indian Country, economic crisis inspired some tribes to seize control of their own political and economic destinies, ultimately influencing federal policy in their favor.     

Reagan's Foreign Policy: An Assessment (I) Introduction

The Western drama High Noon introduces political considerations deeper than the maelstrom of American anticommunism of the 1950s against which it is most often viewed. It presents the central problems of modern political obligation as arising out of an encounter between Aristotelian and Lockean ideas about marriage, friendship, consent and coercion, and religious obligation. The marshal Kane, representing the altered vestige of Aristotelian ideals, desperately seeks help from the Lockean-like community of Hadleyville. The resulting tension lays bare the political ambiguity many find inherent in American political life.     

Soviet Cultural Legacy in Tajikistan

This paper is a report on the Soviet cultural legacy in Tajikistan. It takes an in-depth look at the institutions that were created to manage artistic and cultural activities, budgeting, training and promotion under the Soviets. The paper suggests that, except for art and culture related to religion, other genres were enhanced, albeit with an emphasis on ideology. However, independence in 1992, along with the civil war that erupted immediately afterwards, had a devastating effect on art and culture in Tajikistan and on the lives of the artistic community. The paper is part of a comprehensive study of post-Soviet art and culture in Central Asia in the critical years immediately after the Soviet collapse. For this study, over one hundred interviews were conducted with officials, musicians, dancers, writers and singers, as well as visits to centers of art and culture in those republics.     

Calvin's Legacy for Public Theology

Abstract

Many thinkers, of whom Jean-Jacques Rousseau is a prominent example, have expressed ambivalence regarding John Calvin's contribution to our understanding of a healthy civic order: while Calvin's political genius is undeniable, he and his followers are also known for intolerant attitudes and practices. Thus the image of "two Calvins" by a recent biographer of the Reformer. In this essay I lay out some relevant tensions in Calvin's political thought, while also identifying underlying themes that were later developed by his followers. Special attention is given to the ways in which the "neo-Calvinist" movement, initiated in the nineteenth century by Abraham Kuyper, both corrected and expanded upon Calvin's theology of public life. It is noted that while Kuyper's thought also influenced the Afrikaners' apartheid ideology, Reformed opponents of apartheid also appealed to elements in Kuyper's theology of public life. Although the results have been mixed, Kuyper and others did demonstrate the ways in which some basic elements of Calvin's thought can be used to address issues that are being given sustained attention today in broad-ranging explorations of what makes for a flourishing civil society characterized by a variety of "mediating structures."     

国际遗产保护经验对西安遗产保护事业的启示

文化遗产保护是一项全人类的事业,世界各国在遗产保护事业发展中,形成了宝贵的经验。总体来看,国际遗产保护经验主要表现在遗产观转变使遗产类型不断扩展,扩大了保护范围;合理的资金保障制度保证了遗产保护事业的发展;通过合理利用遗产推动遗产保护;重视文化遗产宣传调动全民积极性。西安遗产保护事业急需构建城市文化遗产体系,建立西安城市文化遗产保护资金多样化投入制度,重视文化遗产保护宣传工作。     

Uncertain Legacy: Sydney's Olympic Stadiums

The two main stadiums for the Sydney Olympic Games were developed by the private sector with State assistance to reduce government costs and risks. In the post-Olympic period, both stadiums have experienced major revenue shortfalls which threaten their viability. This has been caused by competition from pre-existing, though smaller, State-owned stadiums and lack of potential major sporting and other events. In part to help the Olympic stadiums, the government produced a masterplan for major urban development at the Olympic Park. This paper illustrates the risks of partnership development of specialized infrastructure, and the way in which special events can lead urban development.     

Green Legacy of a Tibetan Village

When he finally reached the tittle Tibetan village hidden deep in the emerald mountains by the Tongtian River, on the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, Jeff Soule, policy director of the American Planning Association (APA), looked around with shining eyes.     

通景画与郎世宁遗产研究

通景画是乾隆朝中西艺术交流的顶峰,但直到近年才有人开始对其进行深入的研究。耶稣会士、意大利画家郎世宁在完善这些非同寻常的作品中起了至关重要的作用,尤其是将中国传统绘画母题、审美趣味与欧洲富有纪念性的奇幻绘画相结合。尽管郎世宁在通景画创作方面享有盛誉,但并非所有的通景画都是由其独立完成,其中许多是由他的学生创作,但这些人的生平却鲜为人知。