War,Modernity, and Motion in the Edison Films of 1898

This essay examines films created by the Edison Company of the US military campaign in the Caribbean in 1898 and their projection and reception in Vaudeville theaters and other similar venues in the larger urban areas of the US. Through an analysis of these films in regards to their production and reception contexts, it discusses relationships between entertainment, nationalism, and colonialism in this early cinema. Features foregrounding technology, production capacity, tourism, and military campaigns in tropical settings are examined in order to explore the blurred boundaries between journalism and entertainment in the context and how specifically the technology of the incipient cinema shaped these perceptions. The venues, in which they were exhibited, situated these war films within larger variety shows including oddities, acrobats, skits, and musical entertainment, together with technological exhibitions involving devices revered for both their destructive and constructive capabilities. It considers, furthermore, how tourism and the possibilities for travel related to the war shaped entertainment and dialogued with public desires regarding American empire and the roles of the Caribbean and, by relation, Latin America in these scenarios. The essay seeks to underscore, finally, how these films, and the war that they attempt to depict, resonated deeply with a type of audience and a corresponding mode of spectatorship that would come to expect an entertaining dimension in journalism.     

寓乐于会:近代博览会与大众娱乐

近代博览会的兴起固然主要是源于商品经济与科技传播的需要,但大众娱乐文化又始终与各类博览会形影相随,成为其不可或缺的构成要素。大众娱乐是将博览会传播科技、文化功能与群众\"找乐子\"心态连接起来的最好形式之一,并使博览会能够吸引成千上万民众参与其中。近代中国举办的博览会充分借鉴了西方博览会的做法,加入了大量的娱乐活动,寓乐于会,寓教于乐。大众娱乐活动不仅丰富了博览会的内涵,增强了博览会对大众的吸引力,而且使博览会本身成为研究近代城市大众文化时不容忽视的重要内容之一。     

中国城市地理研究的若干问题:海外学者的观点

海外学者是中国城市地理研究的一支重要力量,取得了许多重要的研究成果,提高了中国城市地理在国际学术界的地位。本文就海外学者对中国城市地理研究的主要问题:经济发展与城市化、全球化与城市发展、体制改革与城市转型及城市地理的理论与方法等方面进行归纳总结,期望加强了解,取长补短,相互学习,共同促进中国地理学的发展。     

全球化环境中城市巨型工程的多维审视

在全球化竞争环境日益激烈的作用下,城市政府促进城市营销的需求与资本增殖的欲望共同催生了巨型工程在全球范围内的繁荣。然而城市巨型工程在为城市发展带来了新的机遇和荣耀的同时,也产生了很多的政治、经济与社会问题。在全球化的环境与语境中,我们必须从多维的视角来审视城市巨型工程背后的驱动机制和深刻影响。文章分析了全球化竞争导致的政府治理企业化转型,指出城市巨型工程迎合了政府促进城市增长的目标和治理转型的环境,促进形成了官商结合的城市增长联盟。文章进一步的分析指出,城市巨型工程是经济全球化的产物与符号,是政治与经济空间生产的工具和对象,城市巨型工程依托的增长联盟脆弱而功利,耀眼的巨型工程隐藏着巨大的经济风险,城市巨型工程也加剧了社会极化与空间分化。文章最后指出转型期中国城市巨型工程建设面临着更大的冲动和问题,应该进行更冷静的思考。     

全球化背景下的城市怀旧现象及地理学研究视角

现代化、全球化和城市化催生了当代的怀旧现象,城市怀旧已成为一种极其普遍的社会文化景观,并成为国内外学界关注的重要话题。通过对国内外文献的分析,总结了国内外城市怀旧现象的研究状况,以及文化地理学视角的研究进展。研究表明,城市怀旧研究已经渗透至诸多学科领域,国外文化地理学者从多个角度开展了城市怀旧的研究,但该研究在国内还十分鲜见。文章指出可以结合文化地理学及相关理论,从人地关系角度,分析城市怀旧文化的形成发展及其与城市文化生态环境的互动作用,探讨城市怀旧空间的生成、类型、特征、时空演变及其动力机制,解读城市怀旧文化景观对于城市怀旧空间的诠释以及地方认同的影响,以揭示在城市怀旧空间形成和演变过程中,城市记忆、地理想象、地方认同和建构的互动作用机理。认为城市怀旧的地理学研究将拓展我国城市文化地理学的研究视野,并对城市更新、历史街区的保护和复兴提供重要的理论支撑和决策依据。     

基于人文主义场所观的城市康体保健型休闲娱乐场所认知研究

本文将存在主义与现象学的研究理念纳入康体保健型休闲娱乐场所的研究中,通过对康体保健型休闲娱乐场所空间主体性的解析,透视出此类场所使用者的主体性价值观、感知、意象性以及活动时间、频次与康体保健型休闲娱乐场所的空间认知关系,继而总结出基于人文主义场所观的城市康体保健型休闲娱乐场所认知结构,以期对康体保健型休闲娱乐场所的规划与研究提供启示和借鉴。     

社会阶层化与城市社会空间的发展及其与城市娱乐业的(空间)关系

基于学术界共识的后工业化大城市社会空间中产阶层化的理念,本文首次提出社会阶层化的概念并指出社会阶层化主要研究在社会阶层的生活行为扩散和变化规律下,所构建的城市日常居住社区体系和日常生活行为场所体系的时空模式,以此探讨城市社会空间结构的变化。研究认为不同城市发展阶段其对应有不同主导阶层的社会阶层化空间结构。进一步从解构城市社会空间结构的演化动态角度,研究不同社会发展阶段下,社会阶层化与城市娱乐产业的对偶空间结构关系。     

城市职能演变的回顾与展望

全球化是当前世界发展的主流,全球化对城市的发展已经产生了深远的影响,一方面生产要素在城市之间的流动加强。另一方面城市主导权力扩大。加剧了城市之间的竞争。由此带来城市产业结构和产业布局的变化,促进了城市化、郊区化、绅士化等的发展。在此背景之下,全球城市在人类社会发展中的职能不断演变。其基本趋势是由生产性职能转向服务性职能。并且这种演变会伴随着全球信息化的发展逐步由多元服务向单一的人居服务发展。本在对全球城市职能演变简单回顾的基础上。根据全球化发展的趋势。探讨了全球化对城市职能演变的影响,并预测未来城市职能的变化趋势。     

Building communities to promote physical activity: A multi-scale geographical analysis

The objective of this paper is to make explicit the linkages between specific characteristics in the urban built environment, moderate physical activity (in particular walking and cycling), and public health. The review will take place at three different scales — the region, the city and the city‐block. At all three scales, the main interest is placed on accessibility, with the recognition that if distances are short enough and there is high connectivity within neighbourhoods, people might be encouraged to walk or cycle. The paper will draw on urban built environment characteristics from a number of Michigan municipalities, including Detroit, Ann Arbor, Birmingham, East Lansing and Okemos.     

A Land and a People of Extremes – Ireland and the Irish in German Cinema

Irish film history has often been seen as a pragmatic “creative bricolage” that draws almost exclusively on images of Ireland and Irishness that have emanated from the cinema industries of the USA and the United Kingdom. Yet, Ireland has also featured in the film industries of other non-Anglophone countries and the images produced in these contexts also represent an element within the vast and extensive archive of Irish filmic images. This article writes the first chapter in the expansion of Irish film history by examining the depiction of Ireland and Irishness in German film. Ireland and the Irish, not unlike the Anglo-American gaze, are depicted as a people and a land of extremes marked by an intensity of emotion, nationalism, Catholicism and alcohol, while extremes of poverty and wild untameable landscapes also feature prominently.     

全球化视角下的世界城市网络理论

城市诞生时就相互保持着联系,只有将城市纳入世界城市网络中才能正确把握城市产生和发展的本质。1980年以来在第三次全球化浪潮的背景下,世界生产要素和产品市场开始整合,世界城市的兴起是国际劳动分工在空间上的表达。Cohen、Friedmann、Sassen、Castells和Taylor等学者提出并发展了世界城市理论,世界城市网络理论已经成为研究城市问题的重要框架。联系数据的缺乏长期制约了世界城市网络的实证研究,二十世纪九十年代中期以来学者们创新性地解决了方法论的问题,对世界城市网络的各个层面进行了实证研究。     

城市社区环境下商业性娱乐场所的空间结构

现代城市社会地理学对城市生活空间质量的评价,已涉及到城市内部福利设施(与场所)的空间结构层面。随着社会经济发展,城市居民收入与文化素质的提高,闲暇时间延长,城市内部商业性娱乐场所日益增加,已引起了学术界的关注,但国内地理学者对商业性娱乐场所的空间关注较少。本文从人本主义视角,运用行为和实证主义方法,在总结国内外对商业性场所研究的基础上,力图轮廓性地揭示商业性娱乐场所的空间形成与分布等规律;并以城市社区和场所作为城市社会生活空间研究的两大基本单元,探讨商业性娱乐场所的社会空间内容和结构模式,及其与城市社会生活空间质量的相互关系。以便更深入地揭示城市社会生活空间质量的本质,丰富城市社区规划与整治的基础理念。     

Decolonial encounters in Ciro Guerra’s El abrazo de la serpiente: indigeneity,coevalness and intercultural dialogue

This article analyses the politics and aesthetics of the depiction of the encounter between the West and the non-West in Ciro Guerra’s film El abrazo de la serpiente, examining how the film deconstructs colonialist imagery and discourses, and engages with the notion and cinematic representation of indigeneity. Through an interdisciplinary approach, the article identifies and discusses the strategies employed in the film to decolonise the category of the ‘Indian’: challenging the colonial linguistic of domination and undermining the tropes of imperialist representations; staging and re-enacting colonial encounters; and subverting the power relations embedded in colonialist ethnography. The article argues that El abrazo de la serpiente acts as an instrument of political and cultural inquiry into the past and the present, and that it both proposes and enacts interculturalidad and intercultural dialogue as a cinematic approach to native culture. While the notion of indigeneity at play is not unproblematic, the film succeeds in foregrounding Indigenous points of view and ‘points of hearing’, challenging a Eurocentric politics of recognition and evolutionary epistemology in favour of a ‘coevalness’ of the native.