Comparative Study on Tibetan-style gLing-kas and Hart-style Gardens

In our contemporary world, ecology-oriented research is especially prevalent among scholars. Horticultural research attracts more and more attention. This shows that people become concerned about their life style and begin to focus on the relation between man and nature. China has achieved impressive results in describing its own art of gardening zand made a considerable contribution to world gardening and life style choices. However, up until now, we have found that summaries concerning the characteristics of Chinese-style gardening are incomplete in that Tibetanstyle gLing-kas, with unique style and primitive content, have been ignored. Previous accounts related to the characteristics of the art of Chinese-style gardens are merely concerned about the characteristics of＂Han-style gardens.＂ The harmonious life-style between man and nature established by Tibetans through gLing-kas has not yet been widely recognized. Two centuries ago, world research into China and China＇s Tibet had a limited focus. We cannot deny that their research was extremely extensive.     

THE EVOLUTION OF TIBETAN CIVILIAN DWELLING DECORATIONS

正Today, the displayed contents and decorations showing in civilian dwellings of ethnic Tibetans has surpassed far away from the original and traditional appearance. No more are they caged in fixed and rigid traditional stone and wood structures with white walls. These have rather been replaced with a complete integration of artistic and stylish elements which used to only adorn palaces, gardens, and monasteries. With individuality now the name     

Abstracts

The Tangut Contracts of Selling and Hiring Livestock
Shi Jinbo （ p. 1 ）
The newly discovered Tangut contracts of selling livestock which provide many details of livestock trade prove to be very valuable on the research of the commerce, the agriculture and animal husbandry economy, and the civil life in the Tangut Kingdom. Having translated 20 nearly complete contracts of selling or hiring livestock written in cursive Tangut characters into Chinese, this article exhibits the form and content of these contracts. Based on the new data provided by these contracts, an exploration of the price of livestock in the Tangut Kingdom can be carried out. After analyzing the different features of exchange of grain and money for livestock in Khara Khoto and Wuwei, the paper considers the monetary economy in Wuwei region being more developed. The soaring price of livestock in the contracts at the end of the Tangut Kingdom describes a miserable scene of unrest and inflation on the background of the Mongol invasion.     

Double-body pottery pot

The double-body pottery pot was unearthed in 1977 at the Karub ruins in Chamdo,Tibet,and has a history of more than 4,000 years.The shape of the vessel is made of two identical bag-shaped gallipots connected together,so it is named"double-body pot".According to the fibet Museum,the pot mouse has a diameter of 11.3cm,a bottom diameter of 8.4cm and a height of 19cm.Its texture is yellow pottery with sand.The mouth is horn shaped,straight neckt abdomen is con nected bag shaped double body,cervical shoulder has a pair of holes for tying rope.The surface of the pot is exquisitely decorated;with the use of carved lines and Cinnabar black painting decoration.The ware is full and beautiful in shape,ingenious in conception and skilled in craftsmanship,which represents the highest level of pottery production of Karub culture at that time and is known as the representative work of neolithic pottery in Tibet.     

咸阳西魏谢婆仁墓清理简报

The tomb of Xie Poren is licated in the yard of the Post and Telegram School of Shaanxi Province in Xianyang City. This is an earthy catacomb tomb with single-chamber and a long sloping passage. The chamber door is sealed up with mud bricks. There is only one human skeleton in the middle of the chamber. Although being stolen seriously, the brick epitaph and “Wu Zhu“ Coin of Datong period are well-preserved. The excavation supplies new and important information to the reasearch of the Western Wei tombs.     

丹巴古碉建筑文化综览(英文)

The upper reaches of the Three Rivers of western Sichuan~1 is one of the areas which boast ancient Tibetan and Qiang pillboxes. Danba county~2 was and is well known for the architectural culture of ancient pillboxes. The county was hence famed as "the country of a thousand pillboxes." According to the documents I have in hand and the fieldwork I made in the area, the pillboxes of Danba county are the most numerous, widest in distribution, most complete in function and type, and the clearest and longest in historical development among all counties. Danba is the most suitable place for studying ancient pillboxes and also for solving the mystery of the architectural culture of ancient pillboxes in the area of the Three Rivers.     

Modern Chinese History Studies No. 6, 2005

The Increase in the Number of Regular Markets in North China in the Late Qing Period and An Interpretation of Its Significance; The Hankou-Daye-Pingxiang Company＇s Steel Sales and China＇ s Modem Steel Market （1908-1927） ;The Chinese Communist Party＇s Policy of Rent and Interest Reduction during the Resistance War against Japan, and Changes of Land Ownership. A Case Study of Junan County in the Shandong Base Area; The Impact of the Russo-Japanese War on Sino-Korean Relations;     

Inheritance and Vicissitude of the Tibetan Diet——A Case of A Tibetan Rural Community

The dietary structure and customs of the Tibetans1 include both simple and complex elements.The transition from a diet composed mainly of tsampa and butter tea to the integration of alien and industrialized foodstuffs into the Tibetan dietary culture reflects,in a way,the processes of adaptation,integration and vicissitude of the Tibetan rural community during modernization.This article attempts to discuss the relationship between the traditional culture and modernization in Tibetan rural communities during the process of cultural interaction and modernization by studying the dietary structure and customs of Tibetan farmers in Nyang-re Township located in the north outskirts of Lhasa,Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR).     

熠熠生辉——金与金的艺术

Gold was the most valuable metal in the ancient times and also the combination of the most magnificent materials and of the most complicated techniques. A history of the gold and silver wares reflects the development of the ancient handicraft, culture and aesthetics. The history of the Chinese ancient gold and silver handicraft is colorful and each period has its own distinguished character. The simplicity of Shang and Zhou. the vividness of the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States. the boldness of the Han. the foreign style of Wei Jing and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the vigor of Dang, the elegance of Song and Yuan and the delicacy of Ming and Qing, all makes the audience clap their hands in admiration.     

湖南津市窖藏元代金银器

A set of buried objects was found in Jin Shi, Hunan province in the May of 1984. The identification shows that two of them are ranked the nation‘s 1st rank treasures. Analyzed by their shape and decoration, they are of Yuan dynasty and bear the features of those of Song Dynasty. The designs on them are rather complicated, such as the dragon and phoenix, coiled grass, meander pattern, linked beads, and plum blossom, which are usually found in the objects of Yuan dynasty. The refined craftsmanship and gorgeous decoration demonstrate fully the features of Yuan dynasty.     

清代珐琅彩瓷器赏鉴

The porcelain in cloisoon enamel is a precious kind produced in the three reigns of Kangxi, Yongzhen, and Qianlong of Qing Dynasty. Its technological process is very complicated. The production and development of it plays an important role in the Chinese porcelain history, which enriches the decoration ways and categories of over-glaze porcelain family.     

SUMMARY OF ARTICLES

The Idea and Cultivation of Civilization in China and Europe;Patriarchal Reconstruction and the Persecution of Female Witches during the Late Middle Age and Early Modern Europe;Myth, Legend and History;The Middle Class and Suburb Expansion in the Modern Britain;The Study on the Styles of Historical Writing of Jonathan D. Spence;Historical Epistemology of Engels： the World Outlook, Epistemology, Methodology and Knowledge Theory;[第一段]     

Messengers In Tibetan History

The year 1920 saw the establishment of a post office in Tibet. It was located in Daingyiling in Lhasa. Stamps were produced by the Zhaxi United Factory and postmen were called ＂Zhawa＂ in Tibetan. The major post road, with Lhasa as the center, reached Gongbogyangda in east, Yadong in south, and scores of post stations were set up along the road. The major work of the postmen was carrying private mail and remittances, etc. on foot; while official documents of the local government were mainly sent by professional postmen （Ngazong in Tibetan） hired by the government.     

NEW BOOKS

Encyclopedia of Tibet The book came off the press at a time when the whole country was celebrating the 40th anniversary of the establishment of the Tibet Autonomous Region. The publication of the book, printed in colors, is a grand event in the history of cultural undertakings of the Tibet Autonomous Region. The book, the first of its kind ever published by a local press in China, runs to some 2 million words. It takes in some 1,200 entries and has more than 1,000 pictures and an index com…     

浅析代笔书画

Ghostuwriting is a most complicate and difficult problem in the respect of Chinese calligraphy and painting authcntication because the ghostwriting is the requirement of the painter himself and usually approved by him. The painter will cooperate with the ghostwriter and try to be invulnerable. The author introduces such kind of phenomenou in the Chinese calligraphy and painting history in quite a detail. which is believed to he a great help to the authentieators or collectora.     

Two Years of Reconstruction after the "4·25" Earthquake in Dram

<正>A 8.1-magnitude earthquake shook Nepal on Apr.25 in 2015.The quake also strongly affected parts of Tibet.The township of Dram in Nyalam county of Shigatse is one of the most devastated areas.Given the local complexity of geological structure and the harm of aftershocks,after the earthquake,the government of Tibet Autonomous Region decided that the reconstruction of the township was based on transferring all the masses in Dram and relocating them in Samdrutse district     

SUMMARY OF ARTICLES

Non - Equilibrium Development in the Structure of History Theory: The Comparison Between the West and Ancient China,The Inevitable Choice of Chinese Culture: The Second Comment on Qing Empire in the World History,Restudy of the Etiquette and Custom in Rural China,Loss and Reconstruction of Grand Narrative in the Current American Historiography,History and Politics: An Brief Analysis of American Consensus History     

Tibetan Buddhist Style Porcelain Scored in the Imperial Palace of the Qing Dynasty and the Religious Beliefs of Emperors

Throughout the past dynasties of China,porcelainhas always been used by royalty in their palaces.Onone hand they were articles for the daily use and ap-praisal of the aristocracy,and on the other hand,ritualimplements used in ceremonies honouring the ances-tors of the royal families.The high status and prestigeof porcelain were unrivaled.Because of the specialproperties of porcelain,in the Palace the aestheticperception,tastes and faith of the emperors directlyinfluenced and even restricted the development ofporcelain.