敦煌岁时节日中的游艺文化——以上巳、端午、七夕为中心

岁时节日是古代中国人开展游艺娱乐活动比较集中的日子,因此备受人们喜爱。敦煌文献中记载有反映敦煌地区民众在岁时节日中进行丰富多彩的娱乐活动的材料,论文以上巳日、端午节、七夕节等相关节日为中心,对记载在其中的娱乐活动进行论述,以期对敦煌地区的游艺文化研究有所贡献。     

云梦《日书》十二时名称考辨

1975年,在湖北省云梦县睡虎地秦墓发现竹简1000余枚,其中有《日书》甲、乙两种①。《日书》中有关十二时名称的记述,可谓目前所见对此类名称记述之时代最早者。但《日书》中的十二时名称与传统的十二时名称有些不同,就其自身而言亦有异辞。本文略加考辨,以究其义。一、关于十二时名称1．传统的十二时名称就早期文献资料而言,似乎还很少见有十二时辰名称的完整记载。《左传·昭公五年》云：“日之数十,亦当十位。自王以下,其二为公,其三为卿。”杜预注云：“日中当王,食时为公,平旦为卿,鸡鸣为士,夜半为阜,人定为舆,黄昏为隶…     

敦煌学研究所高田时雄教授“985短期教学计划”圆满结束

应教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地敦煌学研究所所长、历史文化学院院长郑炳林教授邀请,日本京都大学教授、国际著名敦煌学家高田时雄教授于2012年下半年来兰州大学讲学。在此期间,高田时雄教授面向研究生开设了《敦煌学与语言史》课程,主要讲授欧洲和日本敦煌学史、敦煌学概论、河西地区方言史、音韵学、日本藏中国古     

段文杰：敦煌文物事业的开创者和推动者

2011年1月21日,是段文杰先生离开我们的日子。这一天,离1946年他初来敦煌,已经整整65个年头。在95载的生命历程中,在半个多世纪的敦煌生涯里,段老以他的聪明睿智、旺盛创造和执着追求,与敦煌研究院的同仁一道,潜心敦煌壁画临摹、保护、弘扬和敦煌学研究,开创和发展了敦煌文物事业。特别是他自20世纪80年代担任敦煌研究院院长职务以后,以过人的胆识和魄力,开创了敦煌事业的新局面,带领全院职工把敦煌文物事业推向一个新的高度。我作为段老的学生、助手和继任者,对此感受良多。     

齐量制刍议

齐国量制本以升、豆、区、釜、钟为单位,从战国开始发生急剧变化,与其他诸侯国量制趋于统一,"斗"进入齐国量制系统。这一过程并非是突然发生的,"斗"初始用"/卮"来指称,在《考工记》中"豆"这一旧量单位被借用来表示"斗",直到战国末期"斗"方正式成为标准量制单位。     

邓小平在敦煌

邓小平在敦煌李茂锦王斌银抚今思昔,追忆１７年前小平同志视察敦煌时的情景,觉得那难忘的一幕就在眼前,使我们更加缅怀他对敦煌的一片深情厚意。一、看看敦煌,了了多年的愿望风沙可以湮没往事,但抹不去美好的记忆。敦煌人民不会忘记,１９８１年８月,正是丝路古城秋...     

从《日书》看十六时制

目前,已发现比较完整的《日书》资料有两套:一是湖北云梦睡虎地秦墓出土的《日书》甲、乙两种;一是甘肃天水放马滩秦墓出土的《日书》甲、乙两种.两地《日书》的内容有同有异,就时制问题而言,云梦《日书》中有较为完整的十二时辰名称,而放马滩《日书》中则有完整的十六时段名称.本文想就《日书》提供的线索,探讨一下有关十六时制的问题.     

郑炳林、高田时雄主编的《国际敦煌学研究文库(日本卷)》陆续出版

正《国际敦煌学研究文库(日本卷)》(郑炳林、高田时雄主编,甘肃教育出版社)已陆续出版敦煌学研究从一开始就是一门国际性的学科,其中日本是研究敦煌学的重镇之一,在20世纪初,涌现出了一批著名的研究学者和重要的研究机构,对敦煌学的研究做出了很大贡献,随着时间的推移,很多前期研究成果越来越难查找,所以将这批研究成果结集出版,供学术界参考,非常必要《国际敦煌学研究文库(日本卷)》的入选目录由高田时雄先生负责筛选,山本孝子博士负责文章顺     

创造性转化，创造性发展——序冯玉雷《野马，尘埃》

冯玉雷以文学创作的方式走近敦煌学,敦煌学界多了一位同道,当然令人欣慰。他长期坐冷板凳,在敦煌学术与文学创作之间默默探索,陆续完成《敦煌·六千大地或者更远》《敦煌遗书》等小说和敦煌题材影视作品《失踪的女神》《飞天》,成果颇丰。据了解,在他这个年龄段的作家中,如此自甘自愿下笨功夫,把敦煌学文献、学术成果消化,然后进行文学创作的作家并不多见。敦煌学博大精深,既是学术宝库,又是文学富矿,应该有更多作家进行文学艺术化转化。敦煌学界、文学界有了冯玉雷的小说创作,便多了一份鲜活生动。随着人们对"一带一路"经济文化的认识加深,文学界应该会有越来越多的有识之士关注文物、文献及历史文化遗存中蕴含的文学元素,会有越来越多的作家不慕浮华,心甘情愿走上比较清苦的学者型创作路子。     

河湟地区岁时农谚趣谈

青海的河湟地区,人口稠密,农业发达,传承着包括岁时民俗在内的众多民俗文化。自古以来人们就有观测天气变化,根据寒暑冷暖安排各自的生产和生活的习俗。过去农村有“立杆测时,燃香记时”的做法,如在平地上立一根木棍,当木棍和其阴影对齐时,就到吃中午饭的时间;在村与村轮流浇水时,根据各村地亩数的多少确定燃香株数,由水利委员或公众推举的公平人燃香守候,将预定的香株燃完时,发令更改水口（位）。岁时民俗中的记时一般以农历为准。     

Climate and energy security policies and measures: synergies and conflicts

Concerns about climate and energy security are leading to increased government intervention in the energy sector, in particular as they relate to the choice of energy supply options. While many of these options will improve both energy and climate security, many measures will benefit one while harming the other. This raises an important question for governments and energy planners: how can conflicts between climate and energy security be resolved? This article outlines some of the barriers and problems that may arise as governments and companies try to address climate and energy security concerns simultaneously in various energy supply areas. It concludes by arguing against choosing one objective over the other, and by outlining steps that can be taken to help resolve conflicts between the two agendas.     

我和我的兄弟姐妹

1938年．我出生在金沙江畔一个叫巴塘的小县城里。生在哪一天．至今不知道．因此．六十多年过去了．我从来也没有过过生日。     

Challenger and Chernobyl Lessons and Reflections

Abstract

It is argued that Psychological research on 'race' and 'ethnicity' issues presents a number of ethical problems. These relate to the sociopolitical impact of such research, particularly when it purports to find differences of an 'innate' character; to the use of naive subjects, particularly children, in research which is aimed at demonstrating their 'inferiority'; and, within the academic community itself, to the working relationships between researchers who believe in 'innate' 'race' differences and colleagues belonging to allegedly 'inferior' groups – this being particularly significant within a teaching environment. Although the 'race differences' question has a long and controversial history, ethical issues relating to the research process itself have received less focused attention. Moreover, replacement of the genetically obsolete concept of 'race' with the idea of 'ethnicity' does not solve the problem entirely, and the term 'ethnicity' is itself unsatisfactory in several respects.     

Power and Ethnicity History and Anthropology

This essay reflects on the relationship between anthropological and historical scholarship of ethnicity, picking up on themes explored by Andre Gingrich, by considering the epistemological and evidentiary limitations of social scientific and historical analysis and reconstruction. Beginning with the consideration of the pioneering transdisciplinary efforts of Robert Darnton and Clifford Geertz, it argues that many of the weaknesses ascribed to such efforts are actually part of the nature of social scientific investigation which, in the terms of Peter Winch, must take into account two sets of relationships: that of the relationship between the scientist and the phenomena that he or she observes and the symbolic system that he or she shares with other scientists, which can only be understood from the social context of common activity. How these two relationships challenge social scientific analysis of ethnicity are examined through a consideration of the difficulties of applying Anthony Smith's definition of an ethnie to either Fredrik Barth's classic essay on “Pathan Identity and its Maintenance” or Helmut Reimitz's study of Frankish identity. It concludes that neither anthropologists nor historians are simply describing societies as they are or as they were but rather attempt to describe societies as witnesses within them thought they should be, and we do this for our own society, not for those of the participants, past or present.     

Of Demons and Angels and Historical Humans: Some Events and Questions in Translation and Post-colonial Theory

In what follows, I attempt to show that a look at some curious examples of translations from European texts makes us think about issues in translation theory and post-colonial theory from a slightly different angle. The metaphor of translation can very well be employed for understanding the relation between European texts, and some texts and some social and political practices in India in the colonial period, and this in turn helps us look critically at what I shall call our fuzzy post-colonialism. I also argue that Walter Benjamin's metaphor of translation as the after-life of a work can be extended to posit two basic modes of after-life.     

后伊拉克时代与中国的内政外交--普遍主义与单边主义的冲突

"9·11"事件后,冷战后的国际政治格局发生了重大变化.其最大特征可以概括为以下两点:第一,确立了以唯一超级大国--美国为核心的以反恐为普遍主义的全球性安全阵线;第二,美国的爱国主义、民族主义戏剧性地高涨起来.就像当时有人强调因为全世界有60多个国家的人在世界贸易中心工作,所以对世贸中心的攻击就是对全世界的攻击那样,在美国国民中普遍存在着这样的观点:因为美国社会自身就是世界的缩影,所以星条旗也可被看作是超越一国国界的全人类的普遍象征.