Notices of Ancient Ornaments and Appliances of Sacred Use

Burial customs described under five headings are traced from the Iron Age through to the end of the Roman period. A final section discusses religious belief as evidenced by burials. Two major periods of change are identified, in the late first century B. C. following Caesar's expeditions, and in the second half of the fourth century A.D. In between these the treatment of burials suggests a long period of stability. The impact of Christianity on burial practices is assessed.     

日本高松冢古坟微生物病害及其防治研究概述

高松冢古坟是日本国宝级文化遗产,对其实施的原址保护一度是文物保护界的样板工程和国际典范,然而正是逐渐失控的微生物病害导致古坟解体搬迁至异地保护,复杂的人为介入手段是否有助于墓葬壁画的原址保护,值得更进一步探讨和反思。本研究回顾了高松冢古坟自发掘至今的保护历程,重点总结了侵害古坟石室及壁画微生物类群的调查分析及其防治措施的研究。通过对古坟病害微生物群落特征、环境因素变化及防治干预措施等方面相关文献资料的全面梳理和解读,客观评价了该遗址所取得的研究进展及经验教训,为我国乃至世界其他同类环境中壁画保护提供启示与借鉴。     

浙江德清三合塔山土墩墓

德清三合塔山土墩墓结构独特,随葬器以原始瓷为主体,反映了德清瓷业发展的深厚历史底蕴。     

Discovery of a Saxon Interment at Long Wittenham

Plans for garden-restoration by English Heritage at Kirby Hall provided the opportunity to increase the understanding of the site by combining the consolidation of its physical remains with a detailed archaeological examination. The results from investigation carried out between 1987–94 contribute important evidence for the development of the series of formal gardens from Elizabethan origins towards an apogee in the late seventeenth century, when they enjoyed the reputation of being among the finest gardens in England. The creation of the Great Garden and its terraces caused a major transformation of scene at around the beginning of the seventeenth century. Preparatory clearance and other earthmoving involved the demolition of part of the old village of Kirby, though some remains became incorporated in the new West Terrace and a mount preserved part of the site of the former church and associated graveyard. Alterations and later remodelling attest changes in gardening fashion, culminating towards the end of the century when surrounding walls were pulled down, architectural features were moved, and the West Terrace was given the appearance of a grass-covered bank. At the same time the adjacent garden floor was relaid with designs picked out in cutwork. A range of contemporary documents corroborates the impression of an increase in gardening activity and elsewhere the results of other excavation, allied with widespread geophysical prospection and other analytical non-destructive field survey, provide evidence of further garden-areas, different usage, and the overall landscape effect. In addition, a series of lost structural features associated with the Elizabethan and later house has been identified. The scale of investigation and its results arguably place the research at Kirby Hall in the vanguard of Garden Archaeology as a particular discipline, and it is therefore opportune to review the value of such types of investigation.     

略论贵州清镇汉墓出土的早期佛像

本围绕贵州地区出土的早期佛像,对该佛像所在的青铜钱树、出土钱树的墓葬年代、墓葬与钱树的化性质、墓主身分、佛像传入路线等问题进行了初步讨论。认为佛教至迟在东汉末期前后已经以某种变相的形式传入贵州地区,并且已有佛像出现。佛像很可能是通过四川地区传入贵州地区的,但当时贵州地区的人们对佛像的理解似乎比四川地区更为肤浅。佛像最初的传入贵州地区则可能是通过当时盛行的钱树这一媒介物,其背景当与升仙思想的流行有密切的关系。     

Cesium magnetometer surveys at a Pithouse Site near Silver City,New Mexico

The La Gila Encantada Site is located on an isolated ridge top north of Silver City, New Mexico in an area defined culturally as the Mimbres Mogollon region. The 180 m × 80 m (14400 m²) sized site was originally recorded as a dense scatter of ceramics, lithics, and ground stone along with a number of surface depressions that appear to represent pithouses. Cesium magnetometer surveys were conducted to identify hearths, pithouse boundaries, and activity areas outside of pithouses in support of archaeological investigations, and to test this instrument's ability to image these features. This paper presents a characterization of the magnetic signature of a pithouse as a magnetic high in the center caused by the central hearth, low magnetic variability along the floor of the house, and then increased magnetic variability at the pithouse boundary. This characterization was successfully confirmed for three pithouses using cesium magnetometery and archaeological excavation.     

Garment Ornaments of Tibetans in Golho

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柿子滩遗址穿孔饰品的穿系方式研究

由于旧石器时代饰品的发现较少,且分布零散,所以关于饰品的研究多集中于前期制作,而对于穿系方式少有深入,这就成为目前旧石器时代饰品研究的新领域。山西吉县柿子滩遗址中出土有30件穿孔饰品,通过对其穿孔位置和表面绳索压磨痕迹的观察分析,饰品可以明确识别出单绳单孔、单绳双孔、双绳单孔和多绳单孔四种穿系方式,相应形成以串饰和坠饰为目的的多种穿系方式的组合。这项研究为探索旧石器时代饰品的制作工艺提供了重要的线索和信息。     

Golden Biographies: The Production,Curation, Fragmentation and Deposition of the Armorican-Type Rolled-Gold Bead-Like Ornaments found at Pendleton,Lancashire

A rare Chalcolithic rolled-gold bead-like ornament dated to c. 2400–2200 cal. BC was found in association with sherds of early Beaker ware in an Early Bronze Age Collared Urn burial dated to c. 1545–1450 cal. BC. The grave was located at Pendleton, Lancashire. This paper reports on the AMS radiocarbon dates for the burial context along with X-ray composition analysis of the gold ornament, which shows the object had a high platinum content consistent with alluvial, placer, deposits possibly originating in Brittany, France rather than the British Isles. This unparalleled rolled-gold ornament is compared to the corpus of British and French rolled-gold ornaments and contemporary goldwork and a provenance, manufacture and biography of the find is explored. Both curation and fragmentation are considered in the context of a dated Beaker ware assemblage from the local domestic site of Lower Brockholes, Preston, as well as existing corpora of Beaker and Collared Urn ware from the region.