略论书法艺术的创作灵感——以草书为例

灵感是书法艺术的审关意象思维,有偶然性、进发性、活跃性、创造力。灵感是以实践为基础的对客观存在的能动反映,是特殊思维现象。草书是创作灵感的最佳载体。空灵感、虚静美是中国古典美学理论。“醉书现象”、“无意与佳乃佳”现象乃是灵感在书法艺术上的特殊表现。康德．黑格尔对灵感的论述。我国儒、释、道及《文心雕龙》等著作对灵感现象的精辟论述。灵感和想象力是艺术创作的两只翅膀。     

Biblical Inspiration & Islamic Instrumental Causality: Thomas Aquinas on prophecy and the two authors of Sacred Scripture

Scripture, according to the Christian tradition, has two authors: God as the principal author and the Holy Fathers as instrumental authors. Thomas’s biblical inspiration is accomplished through instrumental causality—the theory of causal motion where the power of a principal agent works hiddenly through a lower cause to achieve an end beyond the lower cause’s natural powers. However, Thomas formulates a new account of instrumental causality by integrating Islamic causal accounts within Greek and Christian ones. After confirming that Thomas accounts for biblical inspiration with instrumental causality, I will show how Thomas’s Commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard explains his theory of instrumental causality pertaining to the sacraments and how it neatly fits biblical inspiration. Finally, I will demonstrate that Thomas’s formulation of instrumental causality is novel incorporating Islamic influences through Arabic sources including: the Arabic Liber de Causis, Averroes’s two sources of motion, and Avicenna’s modes of efficient causation. The paper will thereby conclude that Thomas’s explanation on how Scripture comes to be is beholden to philosophical thinkers of the Arabic tradition.     

Still a long way to go: gender and feminist geographies in France

Abstract

After recalling some specific elements of the French gender debate, such as French feminism, which threatens the war of the sexes and the fear of indifference, this article distinguishes three moments in the geography of gender in France. The first moment forgotten is the emergence of research on women’s work and urban mobility from a Marxist and feminist materialist perspective. The second, at odds with the first, is distinguished by an approach that is more cultural than social, an inspiration that borrows from the linguistic shift and postmodernism, and that may have its references among the English-speaking authors of radical geography and feminist geography. The last is a moment of consolidation and diversification of themes (masculinities, sexualities, the body) and approaches (queer geography, black feminism, intersectionality). The article then highlights two challenges. The first is to sustain gender by consolidating achievements, developing gender education and promoting gender mainstreaming in all aspects of research. The second is to create common ground and develop solidarity in a context of profound transformations in higher education and research.     

Si Satchanalai Figurines: Reconstruction of Ancient Daily Life,Beliefs, and Environment in Siam during the Sixteenth Century

The Si Satchanalai figurines and ceramics applied with figurines in various shapes of humans and animals were one type of ceramics produced especially in the sixteenth century at the Si Satchanalai kilns located in Si Satchanalai city under the territorial control of the Sukhothai and the Ayutthaya Kingdoms which foreigners recorded the name of this region as “Siam.” They represent the mixed culture that came along with the unofficial and official foreign relations on politics and trade. Indian, Khmer, Lanna, Chinese Yuan and Ming, and Vietnamese arts and cultures were transmitted to Siam and became to be the important sources of inspiration for the local potters to create figurines and other forms of ceramic objects. The local daily life diet supplies, relationships in community, social organization, neighborhoods, activities, occupations and environments were other important sources of inspiration for the local potters.     

The past in the middle ages

In spite of the great variety of historical writing in the middle ages it has often been maintained that certain attitudes to the past were held in common between 500 and 1500 A.D. A sort of medieval vision of the past has been conjured up which is alleged to have been providential, if not apocalyptic, universalizing, Christocentric and strongly periodized. Medieval ideas about the past, as expressed in a handful of well-known writers, including Bede, Caffaro, Otto of Freising, Matthew Paris and Ranulph Higden, are considered here particularly with reference to the structure of the past, namely how, if at all, it was thought of as divided into periods, and its content. God's role in human history, it is argued, was neglected in practice; it was not the Christian Church which provided the medieval ‘universal’ historian with his main subject matter, but classical Rome; it was Rome, too, which was his inspiration and supplied his models.     

United with the Countrymen: Folklore Studies at Peking University, 1918–26

Late nineteenth and early twentieth century China faced a grave national crisis resulting from intense foreign pressure and a rigid political system that was incapable of adapting to the challenges of the modern world. China’s decline did, however, lead to a wave of nationalism that swept across Chinese society. Set against this backdrop, a new generation of patriotically minded intellectuals, one with relatively broad exposure to Western thinking and academic methods, turned its focus to enlightening the oppressed masses as a means of bringing about national salvation. These intellectuals pursued this forward-looking aim by looking to the past for inspiration. More specifically, they looked to folk culture as a means of connecting with the common people and weaving together a new discourse that promoted national unity. Under these circumstances, a group of professors at Peking University, including Zhou Zuoren, Liu Fu, and Gu Jiegang, began to search for vernacular works in folk culture. This article examines folklore studies at Peking University expanding from folksongs to folk customs and other forms of folk literature. It focuses on early folklorists’ activities, folklore organizations, and primary publications. Under the university’s influence, folklore studies appeared in various newspapers and other research institutions in Beijing and Shanghai in rapid succession.     

Historians and friends: reflections on some contemporary historians*

ABSTRACT

This article is based on the text of a talk at the University of Athens in October 2018, in which I drew brief cameo portraits of five historians who inspired me and whose lives I admire: David Herlihy (1930–1991), Michael Baxandall (1933–2008), Marino Berengo (1928–2000), Hans Baron (1901–1988), and Marvin Becker (1922–2004). It is difficult to find strong common methodological or ideological ground shared by all five. Their priorities were different, their guiding lights in each case came from an internal dialogue between their own passions and the inspiration they received from teachers and readings, not by the methodological preferences that dominated the profession in their lives. What, in the end, left a deep imprint on me was their character. Their commitment was to ideas and to dialogue. National, religious, ideological, or methodological differences did not cloud their judgment of others, especially of young scholars. All five, growing up in the Fascist era, were portents of the more level tones of the liberal democracy that slowly, amid myriad obstacles, set root in the decades following 1945.     

中美《上海公报》谈判的第二阶段

中美《上海公报》谈判的第二阶段是在1972年2月21～28日美国总统尼克松访华期间。谈判前夕,黑格访华,其名义上是为尼克松访华做技术上的准备,实际上是以苏联的军事威胁来吓唬中方,迫使中方在《上海公报》台湾问题上让步,但中方不为所动。《上海公报》谈判第二阶段共进行了六次谈判,双方在台湾问题、"人民要革命"以及双方都"不在亚太地区谋求霸权"的措辞上进行了争论。《上海公报》谈判最终取得了成功,其主要经验和启示是:应当从战略高度和长远角度来看待和处理中美关系;妥善处理台湾问题;认识和尊重差异,寻求和发展共同点。     

The tree as evolutionary icon: TREE in the Natural History Museum, London

As part of the Darwin celebrations in 2009, the Natural History Museum in London unveiled TREE, the first contemporary artwork to win a permanent place in the Museum. While the artist claimed that the inspiration for TREE came from Darwin's famous notebook sketch of branching evolution, sometimes referred to as his "tree of life" drawing, this article emphasises the apparent incongruity between Darwin's sketch and the artist's design -- best explained by other, complementary sources of inspiration. In the context of the Museum's active participation in struggles over science and religion, the effect of the new artwork is contradictory. TREE celebrates Darwinian evolutionism, but it resonates with deep-rooted, mythological traditions of tree symbolism to do so. This complicates the status of the Museum space as one of disinterested, secular science, but it also contributes, with or without the intentions of the Museum's management, to consolidate two sometimes conflicting strains within the Museum's history. TREE celebrates human effort, secular science and reason -- but it also evokes long-standing mythological traditions to inspire reverence and remind us of our humble place in the world.     

Integrating the Strands of Victorian Diversity

This roundtable article provides responses to the other contributions, emphasizing the need for connecting various research strands in Victorian Studies, and considering international aspects. The essay ends with a proposal to take inspiration from the method of microhistorical morphology, forcing the scholar to consider many different contexts.     

关于绘画中的“私人画作”

“私人画作”形式多样,其独特性、创造性的禀赋在某种意义上更贴近时代风尚。     

苏南传统铸造技术调查与启示

传统技术是活的文物,应该加以整理、保护与研究,传统技术所包含的古代科技信息对古代技术研究有极大的启示。传统泥型铸造技术为研究中国古代陶范铸造技术提供了重要信息;植物硅酸体测试结果表明,传统泥型铸造技术与古代陶范铸造技术有着密切的关系。     

The Legacy of Planter Jean My: Analysis of Two Private Colonial Homes in Southern Melanesia

This paper discusses two private houses built by New Hebrides planter Jean Marot dit My, one on Santo Island, northern Vanuatu, and another in Nouméa, New Caledonia. The former is relatively well known in Vanuatu, as it is assumed to be the inspiration behind the octagonally shaped mansion of the character Emile de Becque, a French planter in James A. Michener’s Tales of the South Pacific. Mr My’s houses are linked to French Art Deco style and are here compared to one another. Through the study of their similarities and differences, and of their interiors, the integration of Art Deco style and design can be demonstrated. While they represent two very different ways of life, they show the inspiration, aspirations and trajectory of a colonial French family in southern Melanesia. Hopefully, this research will help promote the protection of both houses, through emphasising the importance of their historical and literary connections.     

青海民族关系的形成和发展及其对当代的借鉴

在青海这样一个多民族多宗教的省份构建和谐社会,首要的是构建和谐的民族关系。而了解青海民族关系的形成和发展史,则有助于通过总结它的发展规律及其对当代社会所产生的影响,为我们今天构建和谐的民族关系提供借鉴和启示。     

基于城乡一体化发展模式的新农村建设探讨

我国新农村建设面临着诸多问题,这些问题的解决需要新模式的引入.在深入解析城乡一体化发展模式的基础上,揭示了其对新农村建设的启示.并从城镇化趋势、小城镇建设、城乡统筹规划和模式创新等多重角度,对基于城乡一体化发展模式的新农村建设进行分析和探讨,以图为可持续的农村建设提供模式和方法指导.     

试析移民成功的文化因素——林书豪现象的个案分析

论文分别从中美文化和宗教信仰的角度分析了林书豪成功的文化因素和中华传统文化对其产生的影响。认为:在美国极致个人主义文化熏陶下,林书豪实现了"美国梦",但美国的极致个人主义同时也对林书豪造成了一定的压力与负面影响;在林书豪取得成功的道路上,中国文化同样扮演着重要的角色。对移民而言,他们所具有的双重文化认同,对他们的生存发展,不是障碍,而是助力。     

Situating design in the Canadian household furniture industry

This paper traces the process of design across the furniture commodity chain and argues that Canadian household furniture producers have been historically reluctant to designate resources that improve the styling of their products. They have emphasized commerce at the expense of art, and relied primarily on the United States for design inspiration. However, in recent years, a series of smaller, more innovative firms have adopted an aggressive design-led strategy. These firms have been more likely to forge tighter relationships with retailers and designers and to exploit place-based signifiers in the marketing and styling of their products.     

Working in landscape archaeology: the social and territorial significance of the agricultural revolution in al‐Andalus

The agrarian transformations which took place in the Iberian Peninsula between the eighth and the tenth century are essential for an understanding of how al‐Andalus came into being. These developments provided the basis of a social formation which developed into a tributary mode of production. This study is part of a research project that draws inspiration from the tenets of landscape archaeology. Studying historic landscapes as part of the material culture of past societies provides valuable information about cultures and the ways they express themselves in space.