"史德"新论

文人与史家的不同并不在于是否具备才、学、识,而在于是否具备史德。章学诚不同于刘知几之处,就在于他不把史识看作最高标准,而是在史识之上又设置了更高的规定,即用史德来约束和规范史识。史德即尊君,心术即名教。章学诚的“史德”是一个封闭性概念,它主要是对史家的职业性要求,最多只涉及到一些对统治伦理的维护和承诺。而“新史德”则是一个开放性范畴,它更多地要求史家对公众和社会承担一种必要的责任。这种责任的内涵不在于轻易认同什么,而在于严肃质疑什么。新史德的本质不是道德,而是道义。     

明代前期海禁政策下的瓷器输出

明代前期厉行海禁政策时,中国瓷器的海洋输出主要是在朝贡贸易体系下,以琉球人船只为中介的中国、琉球及东南亚多边贸易关系格局中进行。国外沉船及遗址出土资料显示,瓷器输出品种以龙泉青瓷为主,景德镇、福建及广东等地的民窑产品也通过走私途径参与。但总体来说,中国瓷器在当时的东南亚市场仍然匮乏。     

Monuments,Mobility and Medieval Perceptions of Designed Landscapes: The Pleasance,Kenilworth

THE PLEASANCE AT Kenilworth Castle was a ‘vividarium’, or pleasure garden, constructed by Henry V in the early 15th century. Despite academic recognition and the survival of well-preserved earthwork remains, the Pleasance has never previously been subjected to a programme of detailed archaeological survey and investigation. This article discusses the results of a new analytical earthwork survey undertaken by staff from English Heritage in 2012. It considers the contribution that these new findings make to wider debates on medieval designed landscapes, with a particular focus on mobility and its role in unlocking the meaning and symbolism embedded in elite landscapes.     

After the Ban: The Moral Economy of Property

This essay can be read as both a tragedy of neoliberal governance and a paean to the resilience and creativity of humanity. Reporting an ethnographic assessment of the impacts of Denver's recent camping ban on homeless communities, I build on John Searle's constructivist social theory to argue not only that undomiciled people construct homes, but also that they exercise rights to property. Part of a social order, people living on the streets find creative ways to sheathe themselves in home spaces. By depriving them not only of the stability of their homes but also of the social power afforded by property, this ban dismantles heterodox orders, which then decay from anarchy. Nevertheless, accounts provided by homeless individuals themselves demonstrate that primitive property, though always fragile, can withstand emphatic disruption: this continued resilience is seen in the webs of mutual reciprocity previously and subsequently woven beneath, between, and behind state apparatuses.     

(De)queering Hatshepsut: Binary Bind in Archaeology of Egypt and Kingship Beyond the Corporeal

The representations of Egyptian female king Hatshepsut are, as a consequence of a binary heteronormative sex/gender bind, continuously queered in scholarship. Statements on her body and identity are often made by directly equating her representations with the corporeal. This paper offers a critique of the heteronormative interpretations of Hatshepsut, which often identify her as a cross-dresser, gender-bender or “woman with a beard.” An alternative approach will be attempted with the discussion of her imagery in the context of queer and Actor Network theoretical encounters. This paper argues that the binary bind of the sex/gender system can be traversed through a complex network of actants, including bodies, ancestors, relatives, gods, and material culture.     

班固“周室观”的形成及其表现

班固的“周室观”,是在两汉之际汉之德属之争的背景下形成的。班固有选择地接受了刘歆五行相生的德运观念,将汉的建立看作是对周的代嬗,从而形成了尊崇周室并将之看作是汉室兴盛标准的“周室观”。班固的”周室观”不仅表现在《汉书》的写作中,而且是《两都赋》中坚持东都的一个思想资源。     

班簋年代浅议

班簋是西周重要铜器之一,它记载了周初伐东夷的史实,对于研究西周史具有重要意义。本文在前人讨论的基础上对于班簋的年代进行了新的探讨。     

Occurrence of Euowenia grata (De Vis, 1887) (Diprotodontidae,Marsupialia) from the Pliocene Spring Park Local Fauna,northeastern Queensland

Mackness, B.S., Black, K.H. & Price, G.J., 1.10.2014. Occurrence of Euowenia grata (De Vis, 1887 De Vis, C.W. [In Anon.] 1887. Untitled. The Brisbane Courier 9224 (44) (8 August), 6. [Google Scholar]) (Diprotodontidae, Marsupialia) from the Pliocene Spring Park Local Fauna, northeastern Queensland. Alcheringa 39, 000?000. ISSN 0311-5518

Ten specimens including several dentaries and maxillae, recovered from the Pliocene Spring Park Local Fauna, northern Australia, are referred to the diprotodontine Euowenia grata (De Vis). The fossils exhibit minimal dental wear and reveal new characters that are unrecognizable in the holotype. The remains represent at least three animals, effectively doubling the previous number of individuals known for this rare megaherbivore. The new records also provide a significant northern geographic range extension for the species and allow an assessment of intraspecific variation, sexual dimorphism and phylogenetic relationships for the species. Euowenia grata is most similar in morphology to the monotypic Pliocene diprotodontid Meniscolophus mawsoni.

Brian S. Mackness [deceased] and Karen H. Black [k.black@unsw.edu.au], School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW, 2052, Australia; Gilbert J. Price [g.price1@uq.edu.au], Department of Earth Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.     

The Literary Style of Sarmiento in Recuerdos De Provincia

I am parting from the premise that poets and writers such as Juan González de Mendoza wrote literary works commissioned by the Philippine colony oligarchy in order to influence the Habsburg Court, to continue the imperial expansion in Asia. In Historia de la China, Juan González de Mendoza offers to the Spanish Court and the King a messianic discourse proclaiming that the overtaking of Asia by the Spanish throne would be understood as a divine plan for the recuperation of the kingdom of Jerusalem and the conclusion of the medieval biblical prophecies.     

略论清代吉林的参禁

清代吉林“参禁”是东北封禁重要内容之一,经历康、雍、乾三个朝代,它充分体现了满族贵族的利益和意志,严重阻碍了东北地区尤其是吉林地区经济、化的发展。     

(De)slaving history: Mostafa al-Azemmouri,the sixteenth-century Moroccan captive in the tale of conquest

This article attempts to revisit one of the most spectacular odysseys in Moroccan-American history, that of the encounters started from the shores of a Moorish town in the sixteenth century by Mostafa Al-Azemmouri, the Moroccan captive and adventurer. Al-Azemmouri was captured by the Portuguese, sold in Spain and then shipped across the Atlantic to the New World around 1527. His narrative has consistently been displaced and subjected to various forms of exclusion in history; his experience in historiographical writing has been distorted by the culturally and historically essentialised forms of knowledge and power. In order to re-orient the debate on Al-Azemmouri's emblematic journey, this work offers a rereading of sixteenth-century Morocco in its connections with the Atlantic, focuses on the Spanish historical perspective about the reconquista overseas, and spotlights the Portuguese-Azemmour nexus against the background of the Portuguese presence in Morocco to shift the focus into the Other's Atlantic as a site of complex history that criss-crosses the boundaries of nationality and extends beyond mere geographical locations. It also interrogates the representation of Al-Azemmouri in some sixteenth-century Spanish accounts, which consigned the Moorish slave to textual shadows and obstructed his visibility in the narrative of colonial conquest.     

Morphology and Significance of Transverse Ridges (De Geer Moraines) Adjacent to the Moray Firth,NE Scotland

Abstract

High-resolution NEXTMap digital surface models and aerial photographs are used to map suites of transverse ridges at Tarbat Ness and to the west of Elgin, along the margins of the Moray Firth in northeast Scotland. Based on their morphology, configuration and location, interpret these landforms as De Geer moraines which formed at or near former grounding line positions of the Moray Firth palaeo-ice stream. The Tarbat Ness De Geer moraines almost certainly formed at a marine margin. Reaching altitudes of 55 m above present OD, these landforms may provide one of the highest geomorphological indicators for former relative sea level in mainland Britain. Evidence from surrounding landforms and sediments suggest that the ridges formed between c. 15 000–18 000 cal yrs BP, indicating that a significant fall in relative sea level may have taken place prior to an ice margin re-advance in the Moray Firth, known as the Ardersier Oscillation.     

Dogs and British Colonialism: The Contested Ban on Eating Dogs in Colonial Hong Kong

British colonialism brought new standards of treatment towards animals to the Far East. This article examines the ways in which the western concept of dogs and animal welfare introduced by the British colonists was received, and contested, in Hong Kong, and the colonial politics that shaped the way the controversial legislation against eating dog meat was created and passed in 1950. It argues that the original concept of animal welfare did not consider eating dogs a form of animal cruelty, as long as dogs were killed in a humane way for their meat. The dog-loving native elites, who saw dogs as pets which thus should not be eaten, manipulated the outbreak of rabies epidemic in 1949 to their advantage by petitioning the government that dog-eating was conducive to the spread of rabies. The resulting 1950 ordinance against dog-eating rationalised the taboo against eating dogs in the name of public health and extended the ‘benevolence’ of British colonialism to dogs. Yet it also brought a challenge to colonial administration due to the difficulty of its implementation.