大足石刻的保护与展望

通过对大足石刻的保存状况和主要病害的分析,总结五十多年来大足石刻岩体防风化、岩体加固、水害治理等保护工作的经验,以期更好地把握努力的方向,做好面向新世纪大足石刻的保护管理工作。     

论大足石刻艺术与科技的完美结合

大足石刻超凡的艺术性始终与崇高的科学性紧紧地融会在一起,表现出强烈的民族色彩。大足石刻艺术的科学技术性主要体现在五个方面:一、地形选择;二、峡谷排水;三、龛窟结构;四、力学的运用;五、光学的应用。     

闽台岩刻风格比较研究

闽台地区是我国联系太平洋岛屿的重要纽带,这里发现的岩刻不但是闽台文化的重要组成部分,也是我国重要的文化遗产.经分析比较闽台岩刻风格,可发现其多有相似之处,且基本符合南岛语族岩刻风格标准,这一方面显示了闽台地区可能与南岛语族岩刻风格的起源有关;另一方面也揭示了海峡两岸乃至中国与南岛语族之间的文化交流与融合.     

Places of Power: Control,Public Access and Authenticity at Rock Carvings in Tanum,Sweden and Val Camonica,Italy

Abstract

This article presents a critical and ethnographically directed discussion and comparison of how the World Heritage listed rock carvings at Tanum, Sweden and Val Camonica, Italy are managed and made accessible to the public. The article focuses on how the Swedish and Italian heritage management cultures view the rock carvings as an authentic (i.e. genuine) phenomenon firmly, and solely, belonging to the past and how this contemporary embedded and constructed narrative leads to specific ways of managing, constructing, organizing, presenting, and staging these places for the public. The article stresses that even if the rock carvings were produced in the past, their authenticity is also a product of their role in contemporary negotiations of interpretive supremacy, control, and power between the culture of heritage management and the public. An ethnographical approach, and ethnographical methods, are used. This approach has implications for archaeology and its public relations; in the light of it, activities and phenomena that seem to be completely normal are revealed as examples of the specific culture of contemporary archaeology and heritage management. It is stressed that this culture and its rituals need to be further examined from an ethnographic point of departure.     

重庆大足千手观音便携X探伤调查及初步研究

石质文物本体在长期自然风化作用下形成粉化和裂隙等病害,其存在将导致石质雕刻品各部分密度的差异,而泥质镶嵌和包裹引起的材质改变及雕刻品厚度的变化,都将影响X射线的吸收效果。当X射线穿透石质雕刻品时,置于其背面的照相胶片上,将记录由透射X射线产生的潜像,经扫描仪处理,使之转变为显著灰度差的影像,据此分析石质雕刻品金箔包裹的本体病害情况和保存状态。为此,用此技术对重庆大足千手观音进行历时一个多月的X探伤调查。结果显示,千手观音石质雕刻品的金箔包裹本体存在不同程度的风化和裂隙,而其历史上泥质修补及补接状况,也一目了然,从而弥补了传统病害调查的不足。本项调查为大足千手观音的修复保护提供了重要的依据,也可为千手观音的修复史研究提供有价值的信息。     

茂陵石雕：大汉不朽的丰碑

陪葬于汉武帝茂陵的霍去病墓前的大型石雕,人们都知道是汉武帝为纪念霍去病的战功而刻置。但是只要对这些石雕的内容及形象仔细观察和分析,就会发现,这些石雕并不只是为纪念霍去病一人,而是有多方面多层次的含义。一是纪念霍去病在反击匈奴战争中的巨大功绩,二是以霍去病的去世为一段落、以霍去病的墓地为舞台而举行的一次表功大典——它用艺术的语言,形象地说明了取得反击匈奴胜利的多种因素和条件,凡做出重大贡献者都登上了历史的领奖台,并被刻石立像永记其功。三是汉武帝为巩固反击匈奴的战果借霍去病的墓地和葬礼树大汉天威,震慑属国。