江苏考古工作世纪之初的思考

20世纪江苏考古学取得了一系列骄人的业绩,进入新世纪江苏考古的体制建设、学科建设、人才建设以及在工作中的课题意识：团结协作精神等等都面临着如何与时俱进的新挑战。     

邯郸考古世纪回眸与前瞻

本文对20世纪邯郸考古工作做了全面梳理与回顾,总结了邯郸现代考古出现以来经历的三个阶段,概述了20世纪邯郸考古的主要发现及重要研究成果,并就21世纪邯郸考古所面临的主要任务、重要课题及发展方向作了综论及展望。     

20世纪80年代的四川考古

二十世纪80年代前后被称为＂中国考古的黄金时代＂,四川考古跟上时代步伐,进行了一批目的性较强的工作,围绕人类起源、文明起源、区系类型、文化序列等课题,取得不少成果,初步构建了四川考古文化的主要阶段,为探讨以巴蜀文化为中心的古文化发展进程和具体形态打下了基础。     

20世纪50年代西安郊区出土的唐代白瓷

正陕西省20世纪50年代考古工作,主要是围绕配合国家"一五"期间在陕西的工业建设项目,开展对项目涉及的地下古遗址、古墓葬进行抢救性考古清理发掘。根据目前现存资料整理统计,考古抢救发掘工作主要集中在1953年至1959年初,涉及西安、咸阳、宝鸡、渭南等关中地区,尤以西安市东郊、西郊最为集中。据统计这一时期全省共有     

21世纪以来先秦瓷乐器窑址考古新进展

20世纪浙江海盐黄家山、杭州余杭、半山石塘等多处墓葬出土原始瓷乐器,器形主要有甬钟、錞于、句鑃、镈钟等,礼制瓷乐器作为随葬物,为研究先秦埋葬习俗提供了实物证据。21世纪以来,先秦时期瓷乐器考古现有许多新进展。除浙江贵族墓继续发现外,在江苏无锡鸿山大墓亦有数量可观、质量极佳的瓷乐器,同时遗址中也陆续有出土。瓷乐器考古及分析为其产品产地溯源以及先秦时期礼乐等级制度、葬俗特征、越国音乐文化等维度的研究都提供了新材料。     

改革开放以来江苏考古的新成果与新理念

江苏是新中国成立以来最早开展考古工作的省份之一。改革开放以来,江苏开展了数百项考古发掘工作,取得了一系列重要的考古学成果,重大课题研究也取得突破性进展,并形成了将考古发掘与大遗址保护有机结合的新理念。     

为了巴蜀考古的明天──21世纪巴蜀考古座谈会侧记

为了巴蜀考古的明天──２１世纪巴蜀考古座谈会侧记杨文历史的车轮飞速地转动,现在已经是２０世纪９０年代的中期,２１世纪的钟声就要敲响。为了搞好巴蜀考古,迎接即将来临的新世纪。１９９５年１月２１月,四川省文物考古研究所、广汉市文化局、广汉市文管所在广汉市...     

21世纪的中国考古学

中国考古是世界上国别考古中时空最大、体量最宏、内容最为丰富的考古学体系,本世纪中国考古最大的成就就是考古学文化时空体系的建立与完善,以及对传统的中国历史体系的修正和补充。２１世纪,中国考古学不但应当在揭示华夏传统的形成以及人类、农牧和文明国家三大起源问题上有所贡献,更应依赖自身的优势,对考古学以及整个人文科学的理论建设做出贡献。     

20世纪后半期中国新石器时代考古的历程

中国新石器时代的年代,起自中石器时代结束,止于夏王国创立时期,经历了一万余年。20世纪前半期的新石器时代的考古发现与研究成果,是这后半期求索的最初起点。而最近50年的考古发现与研究,极大地改变了20世纪前半期形成的中国新石器时代的知识结构,产生了较为完整的系统认识,摆脱了原先依靠历史传说认识这万余年历史的局面,基本完成了相关时期的重建史前史的历史任务。纵观最近50年来的中国新石器时代的考古发现与研究,回顾学术界对中国新石器时期的历史所走过的量变到巨大质变的认识过程,我们当以苏秉琦于1975年发表的考古学文化…     

《中国考古学研究的世纪回顾·新石器时代考古卷》简介

《中国考古学研究的世纪回顾·新石器时代考古卷》由严文明主编,科学出版社2008年4月出版发行。本书16开精装本,正文456页,约67万字,定价220元。本书由我国从事新石器时代考古的专家学者撰写而成。它总结了20世纪我国重     

Ontologies of the Future and Interfaces for All: Archaeological Databases for the Twenty-First Century

Archaeological database management systems serve the basic and important functions of ordering, archiving, and disseminating archaeological data. The increased availability of computers and data storage over the past two decades has enabled the exponential growth of archaeological databases and data models. Despite their importance and ubiquity, archaeological database systems are rarely the subject of theoretical analysis within the discipline due to their “black box” nature and the perceived objectivity of computerized systems. Inspired by H. Martin Wobst’s meditations on materiality and disciplinary ethics, in this paper I explore how archaeological database systems structure archaeological interpretation and disciplinary practice. In turn, I offer suggestions for how archaeological database systems can better support pressing anthropological research topics of the 21st century including multivocality, participatory research and ethics, social memory, and social complexity studies.     

The Study of Ancient Iran in the Twentieth Century

The following article discusses the development of ancient Iranian studies, namely the important philological, archaeological, religious, and historical discoveries in the twentieth century and how they have changed our views of ancient Iran and its impact on modern Iranian identity. The essay also previews the use and abuse of ancient Iranian studies by the state and their focus on the newly discovered Achaemenid Empire at the cost of Arsacid and Sasanian dynasties.     

Investigating absence: Assessing the cumulative effects of casual collecting at a 19th century Bahamian plantation

Abstract

Recent archaeological work at Prospect Hill, a 19th century plantation in the Bahamas, revealed artifact patterns that are inconsistent with expectations for a plantation site. The quantity and quality of artifacts in residential areas associated with the planter family and the enslaved population were inverted and suggest significant post abandonment changes. The site of Prospect Hill has been a destination for tourists and student groups since the mid-20th century, and the areas of the site most accessible to these visitors are also those with surprisingly low artifact counts. I investigated the possibility that regular visitation involved casual collecting using historical data as well as artifact assemblages from archaeological work at Prospect Hill. My analysis suggests that the archaeological record has been altered significantly through casual, opportunistic collecting, and it offers insights for identifying casual collecting elsewhere.     

Finding Mid-19th Century Native Settlements: Cartographic and Archaeological Evidence from Central California

Historical maps have the potential to aid archaeological investigations into the persistence of Native American settlements during the mid-19th century, a time when many Native communities disappear from archaeological view. Focusing on Tomales Bay in central California, we evaluate the usefulness of historical maps as a way to discover and interpret archaeological deposits dating to the period, with the aim of better understanding indigenous patterns of residence at the transition from missionary to settler colonialism. In particular, we focus on diseños and plats created to document Mexican-era land grants as well as early maps produced by the General Land Office and United States Coast Survey. Although we note inconsistencies regarding the inclusion of indigenous settlements on historical maps, our case study offers an example of how archaeologists can employ historical maps and targeted archaeological ground-truthing to discover sites that are poorly represented in the historical and archaeological records.     

Late 17th-century stoneware waste from the Tower Harratz Pottery,Bristol

Abstract

Large-scale redevelopment has taken place over the last seven years in the area now known as Temple Quay which lies between Temple Way and the Floating Harbour in Bristol (Fig. 1). Bristol and Region Archaeological Services have carried out excavations, evaluations and watching briefs on the various phases of this redevelopment. These have mainly been concerned with the Portwall, a defensive structure built during the mid 13th century, which ran from north to south through the development area. In 1994 the archaeological work included the total excavation of the medieval Tower Harratz (sometimes known as Tower Harris) and a Civil War gun battery or redoubt built infront of the tower. This note deals with the discovery of a group of late 17th-century stoneware waste during the archaeological work at Tower Harratz and its association with a pottery known from documents to have been established there in about 1695.     

Sublime Cascades: Water and Power in Coalbrookdale

Abstract

The Coalbrookdale Watercourses Project took place between 2000 and 2006, and comprised the most extensive renovation of the water-power system in over a century. Ironbridge Archaeology undertook historical and archaeological investigation as part of the project. The archaeological work was closely integrated into the engineering programme, and the results of excavation and research were able to inform conservation. This paper outlines the historic origins of the waterpower system in Coalbrookdale, and describes the archaeological work undertaken during the project. The results of the work suggest that the basic layout of the original 16th- and 17th-century system is preserved in the present-day arrangement of culverts, sluices and pools. This inter disciplinary project has provoked new ways of looking at this apparently well-known landscape of industry.