综论会道门的流传演变与活动特点

近百年来,会道门是影响中国社会发展的一个重要的实际问题和理论课题。然而,由于多种原因,会道门研究一直未能受到应有重视。有关献和档案资料长期以来缺乏系统的综合性的汇集整理,许多基本问题至今未能搞清。本尝试围绕会道门流传演变、分布和活动特点,提出一些粗浅看法,目的在抛砖引玉,促进会道门研究。     

Territoriality: The Transcendental,Primordial Feature of Modern Societies

Abstract. This article argues that one feature of all societies is territoriality and that one element of territoriality is the transcendental, primordial attachment. Consequently, the article is critical of arguments which view territoriality, including that of modem society, as primarily a post-Cartesian strategy of control or access. The phenomenon of the territoriality of modern societies and the this-worldly, transcendental referents in the collective self-consciousness which it presupposes also call into question the assumption of the putatively pervasive, contractarian individualism of modem society.     

Why they do not plow: The domestic versus the intercaste mode of production in rural India

Morgan D. Maclachlan. Why They Did Not Starve: Biocultural Adaptation in a South Indian Village. Philadelphia: Institute for the Study of Human Issues. 1983. iv + 296 pp. including tables, photographs, references, and index. $30.00 cloth.     

The National Insurance Acts 1911-1947, the Approved Societies and the Prudential Assurance Company

The role of the British major life assurance companies in administeringthe National Insurance Acts in the guise of approved societieshas long been controversial. The companies have been accusedof profiteering rather than civic duty or social altruism. Thisarticle, using the Prudential Assurance Company as a case study,questions this argument. Life assurance companies such as thePrudential were fundamental to the operational running of nationalhealth insurance in the first half of the twentieth centurydue to their scale, scope and expertise. In addition, they werekeen to extend the scope of national health insurance and campaignedto make the acts more comprehensive. Finally, while the companiescertainly did see benefits in administering the acts, thesewere related more to corporate identity, branding and publicrelations than to direct pecuniary gain. An analysis of theinclusion of the life insurance companies in the administrationof the National Health Insurance Acts is thus as important foran understanding of twentieth-century Britain as it is for thedevelopment of modern social welfare.     

The Debate on Globalization, Poverty and Inequality: Why Measurement Matters

In the last year or so, markedly different claims have been heard within the development community about just how much progress is being made against poverty and inequality in the current period of 'globalization'. This article provides a non-technical overview of the conceptual and methodological issues underlying these conflicting claims. It argues that the dramatically different positions taken in this debate often stem from differences in the concepts and definitions used and differences in data sources and measurement assumptions. These differences are often hidden from view in the debate, but they need to be considered carefully if one is properly to interpret the evidence. The article argues that the best available evidence suggests that, if the rate of progress against absolute poverty in the developing world in the 1990s is maintained, then the Millennium Development Goal of halving the 1990 aggregate poverty rate by 2015 will be achieved on time in the aggregate, though not in all regions. The article concludes with some observations on the implications for policy-oriented debates on globalization and pro-poor growth.     

The Poverty Trap: Or,Why Poverty is Not About the Individual

Poverty is often thought of as an inevitable social condition, and the blame for any shortcomings in governmental welfare policies is frequently placed upon the failings of individuals, markets, and demography. By exploring the influence of neoliberal politics on archaeologies of slum-life this article makes the case that less emphasis should be placed upon the perceived failings of individuals and more effort should be placed on recovering the complex social networks which sustained community-life within Hungate and other so-called urban slums.     

John F. Kennedy and Latin America: The "Thorough, Accurate, and Reliable Record" (Almost)

U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961-1963, vol. 10, Cuba, 1961-1962
U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961-1963, vol. 12, American Republics, 1961-1963     

The Migration of Australians to Bali,Indonesia: More than Retirees and Surfers

The factors underpinning the migration of Australian residents to Bali, Indonesia, and the demographic characteristics of the Australian expatriate population in Bali are examined. It is argued that in undertaking a move to Bali, Australian expatriates are employing a deliberate strategy to utilise their existing financial resources and social networks to gain a lifestyle they perceive would not be available to them if they were to remain in Australia. However, it is also argued that there is considerable diversity in the factors underpinning migration decisions. Through a survey of 236 Australians living in Bali, it was found that a complex of place‐based and non‐place‐based factors influenced migration decisions. It was also found that some factors underpinning migration were broadly associated with phase in the life course. While the survey identified only a minor overrepresentation of Australian retirees living in Bali, given the factors that were identified as underpinning migration to Bali, and with the large baby boomer population nearing retirement, it is probable that as Australia's population ages, there will be further growth in the number and proportional share of older Australians living in Bali.