1942年英国访华团访华述论

1942年英国派遣议会访华团访华,这在英国议会史上还是首举。这一举动是由太平洋战争爆发后的世界战局以及中国和英国的历史和现实状况促成的。访华团的成员由英国上下两院的议员组成,访华期间拜访和接见了在中国的各界要人,参观了学校、工厂、合作社、新闻传播出版界、医院、卫生院、保育院、军政机构、前线防地、水利工程、煤矿、画展、体育比赛,出席了各种茶会和欢迎宴,游览了名胜,进行了讲演等等。1942年的英国议会访华团访华促进了中英两国人民的相互了解,缓和了中英矛盾,鼓舞了中国军民的反法西斯斗志,在一定程度上改善了两国的关系,对中英两国的团结抗战起到了一定作用。     

视觉中的日本

2003年岁末,我参加中国青年代表团。对日本国进行了为期9天的友好访问。期间。我们走访了东京、大阪、神户、广岛、金泽、石川等六市县的日本青年协会。拜会了日本众议院议员、理事长小里贞力、日本青年团协议会会长松蒲利明和广岛市教育长黑川浩明,参观了日本国会、众议院、广岛原子弹爆炸纪念馆、日本皇宫外景、能登半岛、民俗馆、造船厂、世界文化遗产日本国宝姬路城、兼六园和东京电力馆,感受了日本圣诞节的浓厚氛围和享誉世界的神户不夜城灯景,领略了日本国美丽的现代城市风光、乡村生活和人文地貌,100余名日本青年与我们进行了接触、交流和座谈,中日之间的友好交往在我们的访问中传递了新的友谊。半年过去了,许多情景反而更加清晰,如浮雕般凸现。     

“后高考”时代:结束只是另一个开始

高考结束了,寒窗苦读十数载的莘莘学子们,终于作别了堆积如山的参考书,摆脱了压在肩上的升学压力,再也不用挑灯夜战,闻鸡起舞。对他们来说,不管接下来分数、招生如何,"解放了"成为了他们共同的心声;放松、解脱、宣泄、奔放……也成了他们的集体脸谱。不     

21世纪前20年非物质文化遗产保护的中国理念、实践与经验

现代非物质文化遗产保护运动的兴起,是人类珍贵的文化自觉和重要的行为选择。中国21世纪前20年的非物质文化遗产保护,既秉持了《保护非物质文化遗产公约》的理念与精神,亦进行了独具特色的创造性实践,构建了文化多样、整体、科学、人本、文化再生产等理念,进行了涵盖面较广、涉及人数较多、影响意义较大、成效卓著的实践与探索,形成了系统完备、富有活力的措施体系,积累了独特、宝贵的经验,走在了世界非物质文化遗产保护的前列,并为之提供了智慧启迪。     

著名歌词作家阮居平

阮居平的大名,我是在唱歌中认识的,因为他写的歌词太多了,儿歌、情歌、颂歌、工人歌、农民歌、学生歌、校歌、厂歌无所不至。后来,因为工作关系我们认识了,而且有了20多年的合作,合作得非常成功、非常愉快。再后来,因为我们情趣相通,话语相投,我们成了好朋友,且友谊与日俱增。在一次长谈之后,再认真拜读了他签上“汝吉兄雅正”的十几本“阮居平著”的书,     

明朝洪洞大槐树移民的伦理意义

洪洞、大槐树、老鹳窝,家祠、牒谱、地方志,家、家族、民族,汾河、黄河、黄土地构成了洪洞大槐树精神家园的文化符号。这些文化符号伴随着明代洪洞大槐树的移民影响了中国北方伦理道德,重塑了以汉民族为主体的儒家伦理纲常,接续了民族血脉,维护了汉民族正统身份,凝聚了民族意志,提升了民族信心,促进了中华民族的大融合,构建了中华文明的大认同。     

沙特的雄心和掣肘

10月18日,沙特拒绝了安理会非常任理事国席位,此举引发了很多国家的愤怒和不解,却在阿拉伯世界得到了一边倒的赞许。从阿盟、伊斯兰合作组织、海湾合作委员会到埃及、土耳其、苏丹、阿尔及利亚,各种声援此起彼伏。它们认为在阿拉伯国家遭受无数次不公正待遇之后,沙特征正确的时间、正确的地点做出了正确的抉择。一时之间,沙特俨然成了阿拉伯世界的英雄和共主。     

多媒体教学参与语文课堂教学的体会

当今课堂教学中,为了实现素质教育的总目标,为了培养创新人才,电化教学手段已经广泛的运用于各科教学当中。这种现代化教学手段现如今已发展到电脑多媒体参与语文教学,把声、图、像、文、情、境与看、思、读、写等诸多手段结合起来,组成一个立体化、多方位的语文课堂教学形式,电化教学手段的生动、形象、具体、直观的优势,大大提高了课堂有效时间的利用率,增大了教学传播的信息量,拓宽了学生的知识面,开阔了视野,活跃了课堂气氛：又培养了思维能力。     

美国绿色空间理论、实践及启示

本文介绍了绿色开敞空间概念,研究了美国城市公园系统、区域整体、绿道、自然风景、景观生态规划、大地景观、纽约城乡规划设想等重要理论,概述了其绿色空间发展历程,分析了美国自然风景园、公园运动、国家公园、开放空间规划、绿道等实践。最后,从自然风景名胜区体系、绿色空间区域生态化、绿色空间自然化、绿道网络化、园林创新、绿色开放系统等方面探讨了美国绿色空间理论与实践对我国的重要借鉴和启示。     

追寻毛泽东的足迹

从2008年3月29日起,我开始了自费"追寻毛泽东足迹"的活动。其间,行程15万华里,考察了1200多处毛泽东去过的地方,拜访、采访了1000多名房主、知情人、专家学者,参观了60多处毛泽东纪念馆(此处的毛泽东纪念馆泛指以毛泽东活动为主要内容的纪念馆、陈列馆、展览厅),开阔了眼界和思路,加深了对有关研究的理解和认识。     

中国城乡协调发展研究综述

通过长期关注改革开放以来中国城乡协调发展的历史与现状,本文从城乡协调发展研究起源出发,对中国城乡协调发展的内涵、目标、动力机制、模式、制约因素、措施对策进行综述,探究这些研究的贡献和研究中存在的问题,并对今后的研究趋势进行展望,试图通过这项工作为城乡协调发展研究及城乡协调发展规划打下良好的基础。     

新文化地理学视角下景观研究综述与展望

景观意义一方面要对其符号化的表征元素进行解读,另一方面也要关注其不可表征的意义。本研究梳理了国外新文化地理学视角下的景观研究,发现： ①表征视角下,一方面景观既被看作文化的产物,又是不同时期文化的再生;另一方面景观在权力博弈中曲折发展并推动其象征性意义的演变。②非表征视角主要关注日常生活行为、情感等方面所反应的社会变迁以及所感知的多元、复杂与不稳定的景观意义。国内新文化地理学视角的景观研究在西方思潮的影响下,对一些具体案例进行了尝试性研究,取得了一定的成果。本研究有助于中国学者结合转型期中国政治、经济、文化背景,构建具有中国特色的新文化地理学景观理论体系,推动新文化地理学在中国的良性发展。     

地理学视角下的国内农村聚居研究综述

农村聚居是农村居民与周围自然、经济、社会、文化环境相互作用的结果,是人类聚居学的重要研究内容。随着新农村建设、农村土地流转、城乡统筹、新型农村社区建设等政策与措施的相继出台,农村聚居研究日益凸显出重要的实践意义与学术价值。本文对近十年来国内地理学关于农村聚居区位、形态、规模与等级、功能组织、演变机理、优化调控以及聚居类型与区划等研究内容的主要观点作了较详细的介绍,指出了地理学在农村聚居基础理论、研究内容、研究方法和技术等方面的薄弱环节,并展望其未来的研究趋势。     

多元场和集群创新：河南省神垕钧瓷文化创意产业的案例分析

通过考察多元场对钧瓷文化创意产业知识创造、流动及学习创新的影响发现：①场为主体的地理、社会及文化认知等临近等提供了条件,有助于经验意会及符号知识的获得、共享与传播,有利于思想的交流碰撞及创意萌生;②生产现场、地方关系场、地方社会场与临时性场在钧瓷的学习创新中发挥着不同而又相互补充的作用。生产场推动着集群知识积累和增进,地方关系场促进了行业知识、生产经验及家族核心知识的传播传承,地方社会场形成了地方共享知识信息,而临时场建立起外部通道联系,发挥着更新地方知识库的作用;③地方性的历史文化资源与传统以及地理-社会-文化等临近造就了外围地区文化创意经济的动力,但若未来本地知识更新的机制不够强大,则易产生发展锁定,这是需要未来引起关注的问题。     

Contesting Conquests: Nineteenth-Century German and Polish Historiography of the Expansion of the Holy Roman Empire and the Polish-Lithuanian Union

The problem of conquests and territorial expansion, including their interpretation, evaluation, and legitimisation, has been crucial for European national historiographies. Consequently, attempts by the Holy Roman emperors, particularly of the Saxon and Hohenstaufen dynasties, to control Italy and Burgundy were hotly debated among nineteenth-century German historians, while Poland's union with Lithuania, and the annexation of the vast territories of the east which followed, was a central topic for Polish historians of the time. Modern historians of historiography in both countries have carefully analysed these narratives, emphasising their ideological and political contexts, such as their involvement in the Grossdeutsch versus Kleindeutsch controversy and the controversy between the so-called Cracow and Warsaw historical schools. In this paper I propose a comparative analysis of these two discourses which dealt with analogical issues and, as I demonstrate, developed with a parallel dynamic. Such an analysis, I argue, allows an escape from the paradigm of national exceptionalism, and the discovery of what was typical or, perhaps, constitutive of the discourse on territorial expansion of the time, instead of focusing on the uniqueness of the national context. This analysis embraces the conceptualisation, argumentation, and rhetoric of those nineteenth-century German and Polish historians discussing the expansion of the medieval Holy Empire and early-modern Poland. Moreover, it locates their interpretations within an international context of a broader Western historiographical tradition, involving issues of domination, cultural transfer, and colonialism. Finally, it examines the parallel mechanism of searching for, advocating, and perpetuating the idea of uniqueness of national history.     

江苏文化线路遗产及其保护

文化线路遗产集世界文化遗产与自然遗产之大成,不仅具有空间、时间、文化及功能等特征,而且体现出历史与现实相续、人文与自然合一、时间与空间的多维度、遗产价值的多元化等特性。江苏境内文化线路遗产丰富,主要有大运河遗产内容、佛教传播线路、郑和七下西洋线路、康乾下江南线路等,目前已形成了构建法律体系、实施宏观保护,以动态发展的眼光审视与发挥文化线路的价值,建立多学科、多国别、多地区、多部门的通力合作,以科学审慎的态度对待文化线路中的每一个个案处理等保护思路。     

Intimate Consumption and New Sexual Subjects Among the Sambia of Papua New Guinea

This article examines the transformation of sexual meanings, attitudes, norms, and practices surrounding depletion and pollution across decades (1974–2010) among the Sambia of Papua New Guinea. In the premodern village, all sexual intercourse, whether with boy‐initiates or women, was ritualized and ultimately controlled by the men's secret society. Intimate consumption refers traditionally to a symbolic complex of beliefs, concepts, emotions, and ritual experiences involving sexuality, bodily health, social relationships, and gendered politics. But it also covers sexual anxieties corresponding to the transfer and loss of bodily fluids via the perceived depletion and pollution of self and body. For adult men, the sense of intimate consumption requires repeated substance replenishment and purification. Intimate consumption made oral and vaginal sex highly rule‐bound, taboo laden, and intensely regulated in terms of the meaning, scope, duration, and intended goals of sexual exchange. Pacification, colonization, out‐migration, Seventh Day Adventist (SDA) Christianity, and primary schooling in the Sambia Valley over a period of decades instigated social transformations that challenged and wore down this system of sexual regulation. Thus, the transition from ritual to non‐ritual practices, i.e., more individualistic sexual relationships, highlight narratives of change in the Sambia sexuality. With the demise of ritual initiation in the 1980s and 1990s, and the appearance of HIV and SikAids in the Sambia Valley, explicit ritual sexual techniques were no longer socialized. Modernity (in the sense of a set of policies, attitudes, and rules introduced through institutions such as the government community school) and SDA church sociality influenced both the pace and form of this sexual transformation. Among the greatest changes was the expansion of female agency and sexual autonomy, and personal decision‐making vis‐à‐vis especially marriage and also romance, courtship, and sex. Notably, oral sex, once universal and mandatory, largely disappeared from Sambia intimate relations. Today, spousal intimacy reveals a different set of more ‘modern’ meanings and behaviors compared to two generations ago, e.g., more mutualistic and companionate. Intimate consumption remains a worry for certain Sambia young men and women today however, influenced in part by the rise of the HIV pandemic, mobility, and the absence of normative narratives of sexuality in villages and town settlements. This creates public spaces wherein new sexual subjects have emerged in the villages and urban settlements within the Sambia Valley and in settlements throughout PNG.     

一种以社区为核心的开放型博物馆——国际生态博物馆40年探索

1971年8月,国际博物馆协会（ICoM）第九次大会在法国城市格林诺布举行期间,法国人乔治·亨利·里维埃（Georges Henri Riviere）和于格·戴瓦兰（Huguesde Varine）提出了一个新的博物馆名词“生态博物馆”（ECO—museum）。     

旅游者符号实践初探——以杭州西湖“西子”诗词为例

旅游者符号实践概念的提出旨在进一步凸显旅游者在旅游吸引物符号建构中的主体性。本文以杭州西湖的"西子"诗词为例,初步探讨了旅游者符号实践概念的基本内涵、理论支撑与研究价值。旅游者符号实践并不是对已有符号记忆的被动接受,而是借助旅游者的亲身体验,不断将其运用到旅游实践中去加以检验、深化和再创造的动态演进过程。符号学理论、实践理论和(身体)现象学理论构成了旅游者符号实践研究的三大理论支撑。符号实践是旅游者符号体验过程中主观与客观、过去与现在、已知与可能、我者与他者、代表物与对象等诸多二元关系的中间环节和关键枢纽,既关系到旅游者的符号体验质量,也与旅游目的地可持续发展息息相关,因而具有一定的研究价值。     

‘They'd Rather Go Play Footy’: an Exploratory Study of the Enjoyment and Benefits of the Arts in Western Australia's Remote Murchison Region

The role of the arts in the revitalisation and strengthening of Australia's rural, remote, and Indigenous communities has been of particular interest to Australian State and Federal Governments, as reflected through various policy and positioning documents. In order to understand the relationship between the arts and communities, it is important to explore why people engage in the arts and what might be some of the barriers to that engagement. For the rural, remote and Indigenous communities of the Murchison Region, the arts has been a useful way of reaching and engaging with residents to build a stronger sense of community, provide light relief and entertainment, and facilitate communication among community members, government, and industry. However, there are several barriers that impact on the viability of arts projects. These barriers are amplified in rural and remote areas, and particularly for the three case study communities of the Murchison Region for a number of reasons. These include the transient nature of the population, a lack of resources, isolation and remoteness, and local politics, culture and history. The arts can provide a context in which other non‐arts related outcomes, such as health, capacity building, income generation, and so on, are facilitated and achieved. It is important for policy makers to recognise and address the barriers which hinder activity and serve to lessen the impact of the arts on communities.