首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
陈廷湘 《史学月刊》2008,(12):51-61
"人"的观念的现代转型是全世界思想家数百年的研究主题,也是中国社会现代转型不可回避的问题。中国古代文化从人性善,即人与至善本体(仁、天理之类)同体共在出发,在抽象的意义上把人提到万物之灵的高度,但倡言去除人的天然欲望和政治权利,造成对人的千年桎梏。由西方发源的现代人论则把物欲满足、政治权利、思想自由视为人的根本自由。在中国近代,戊戌维新和辛亥革命领导人始公开承认人的私利的合理性,倡导人的解放。但他们未能把人的解放置于理性范围,最终放弃了初衷。新文化运动激进人士在更广泛的层面提倡人的解放,也讨论了人的私欲与社会亲和的关系问题,但因时间太短和过分强调精神解放,思想的局限性仍十分明显。五四以后,大多数启蒙者转入政治革命道路,国民党大倡文化回归,少数思想家继续人的解放的讨论,但对问题的思想源头缺乏探讨,研究未能深入下去。中国近代以来"人"的观念的转型探索任务远未完成。  相似文献   

2.
    
  相似文献   

3.
蔡爱平 《攀登》2006,25(2):89-93
有效的利益调节机制仰仗满足合理性要求的行政规范。合理性的行政规范能够在符合多数人利益需求(价值合理性)的基础上谋求相对较低成本的利益实现(工具合理性)。预设行政规范目的是从“众意”中寻找“公意”,其内容是对经济和社会的适度干预,并建立对已经生效的行政规范的审查、监控机制,从而最大程度地保证行政规范制定的合理性。  相似文献   

4.
This essay begins by determining the nature of Richard Eldridge's project. Referring mainly to writings by Immanuel Kant and Walter Benjamin, I view his attempt as considering what it involves to be an agent in a historical setting. According to Eldridge, the correct answer will have to involve the right combination of Kant's emphasis on rational self‐determination and Benjamin's account of spontaneous (yet nonrational) self‐transformation. In response to this answer, I suggest that Benjamin's view may not easily lend itself to being made compatible with Kantian thinking. In particular, Benjamin's effort to think experience in terms that do not make any reference to rational self‐determination must be viewed as deeply foreign to Kant's project. I also argue that Kant's third Critique, in particular its conception of reflective judgment, could have provided Eldridge with a view of agency and experience that does not deviate substantially from Kant's project elsewhere. At the end of the essay, I argue that the duality we find in Eldridge's exposition should be viewed as not only related to individuals but to society in general. An attempt to resolve it must involve reflection on how historically constituted social forms create such stark oppositions between reason and its other.  相似文献   

5.
    
In what is generally referred to as Sweden's Age of Greatness (1617–1721), Swedish armies ravaged Europe and Russia. The resulting manoeuvres, battles and sieges have been frequently described by Swedish military historians, yet rarely have the internal relationships within the Swedish armies been a topic of inquiry. This article presents one such analysis, with a focus on the relationship between military commanders and their subordinates in the age of King Charles XII of Sweden (1697–1718). By studying different types of violations of insubordination, my aim has been to identify the various informal rules that determined the nature of the subordinate–superior relationship, with a special focus upon the reasons for insubordination.  相似文献   

6.
    
The high‐technology industrial system in Taiwan is noted by its decentralisation and geographical agglomeration. It demonstrates varieties of features of industrial district: spin‐offs, collaborations, networking, and most importantly, institutional presences. At the initial stage, Taiwan's Govern‐ment did lead in the technology transfer, rendered new firms formation and pushed the private sector hard to bring the industry into being. However, as the industry became global, new redundant and complementary institutions, including dense social and professional connections and associations, joined the monotonic role of the state to make network learning in the decen‐tralised industrial system effective. It represented a developmental paradox: if the developmental state is argued to be a top‐down bureaucratic rationality based governance mechanism, how could it build up and articulate with the supposedly bottom‐up trust‐based social networks? How could the potential tension between the top‐down and the bottom‐up be settled? The research will explore the process of institutional embeddedness, de‐embeddedness, and re‐embeddedness in Taiwan's high‐technology region, and provide a lesson for the late‐industrialising countries in the globalisation era.  相似文献   

7.
王德华 《史学月刊》2002,(10):17-23
楚庄王作为春秋五霸之一,对其以蛮夷率诸候的政治地位,后世儒有着“微言”与“大义”的二难评价。如果我们将楚庄王的霸业置入春秋战国时楚民族的自身发展的历程中加以考察.便会发现楚庄王的霸业是楚民族政治理性与民族个性精神在春秋时的最高体现;楚庄王的霸业也预示了庄王之后的楚国发展必将面临着一个楚民族精神提升或曰转型的艰难课题。  相似文献   

8.
刘武根 《攀登》2010,29(4):41-46
将马克思主义执政工具合理性理论与中国实际结合起来,探索并实现中国共产党执政价值的合理性,就是马克思主义执政工具合理性理论的中国化,其理论成果就是中国化马克思主义执政工具合理性理论,这一理论主要包括毛泽东执政工具合理性思想和中国特色社会主义执政工具合理性理论。  相似文献   

9.
古希腊人的自由观念   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
易兰 《史学集刊》2004,1(2):98-104
古希腊人在对自由的不懈追求中 ,也使这种自由观念随着当时社会历史条件的变化而呈现出曲折的变化 :从最初的不敢相信自身的力量 ,用幻想出来的神祗代替人实现意识上的自由 ,到强调社会生活当中的集体自由权利以及对这种自由身份的誓死捍卫 ,再到充分相信人的主观能动性而依据自身认知对世界做出判定 ,最后由于对社会和自身力量失去信心而将世界内在化、完全退入到个人的内心世界当中。这一过程反映了古希腊人在人与自然、人与社会、人与自我关系问题上的态度变化 ,体现了古希腊人的心路历程 ,是开启解读希腊文化之门的一把钥匙  相似文献   

10.
11.
12.
Summary

The correspondence in this issue of History of European Ideas has not previously been published. It is the surviving part of the epistolary exchange between Dugald Stewart and the Genevan professor and man of letters Pierre Prevost (1751–1839) from the 1790s to the 1820s. To this are added several closely connected letters to and from their associates. This correspondence is striking evidence of the republic of letters continuing to flourish in the aftermath of the French Revolution, illustrating the transmission of works, the role of go-betweens, the provision of letters of introduction and the formation of intellectual and personal alliances. Not least, the letters tell us much about the ideas of those involved, and about the formation, development, and relation of these ideas to published works. This is particularly significant for Stewart, most of whose letters and papers are lost.  相似文献   

13.
This article investigates the background of Soviet industrial design in Soviet art theory. Instead of considering design's interconnection with technology and science, or with consumption and everyday life, the author traces its conceptualisation as a new artistic phenomenon. Using archival records of professional discussions, polemical articles in the art press and design projects, the author looks at how industrial design was incorporated into the Soviet order of things. She concludes that accommodation of the Western model was the way to reform the system of socialism from inside, typical for the Soviet intelligentsia of the 1960s.  相似文献   

14.
英国工业革命中出现的乡村工业社会,是大工业在乡村发展的必然结果和乡村城市化过程的初始阶段。工业家是乡村工业社会的创建者和主宰,主要通过提供住房和管理公共卫生、控制社区的宗教和教育事业、掌控公共管理权力等3个方面来实现对乡村工业社会的控制和管理。开展关于英国早期乡村工业社会的研究,对于了解工业发展与社会转型之间的微妙关系,揭示工业企业家群体对社会事务的广泛渗透和控制,具有一定的启发意义。  相似文献   

15.
20世纪上半叶,因海内外市场需求等原因,在浙江龙泉的宝溪、八都、木岱口一带出现了几家仿制南宋、元、明时期龙泉窑青瓷器的小型怍坊,部分产品则属创新之怍。龙泉市博物馆收藏了少量作品,其中以宝溪张高岳所制居多。  相似文献   

16.
    
Public calls for a more aggressive regional response to China’s pressing of its territorial claims in the South China Sea are typically couched in terms of the threat posed to freedom of navigation. Yet this invites an obvious question: If freedom of navigation, a vital interest for nearly every country in the region, is at risk, why has the regional response to China’s actions to date been so limited? This article argues that one compelling explanation lies in the economics of freedom of navigation in East Asia. Put simply, the risks of freedom of navigation being impeded are frequently overstated, and a more sober assessment of these risks can reduce the incentive that countries have to take more dramatic action.  相似文献   

17.
"三个代表"重要思想的形成经历了一个长时期的酝酿过程,体现了江泽民准确把握当今世界发展趋势和我国社会发生的一系列变化的战略智慧,是科学总结我们党80年奋斗、特别是20多年改革开放实践经验的必然结论,是深刻思考世界上一些政党兴衰和我们党执政面临的严峻挑战的思想结晶,是创造性地继承和发展马列主义、毛泽东思想、特别是邓小平理论的最新成果。  相似文献   

18.
施劲松 《南方文物》2014,(3):163-166
陈公柔先生(1919~2004年),沈阳人,中国社会科学院考古研究所研究员。1951年8月毕业于燕京大学历史系,同年入中国科学院考古研究所工作。曾参加考古研究所在长沙、安阳、洛阳等地区的田野考古发掘,参与编写《长沙发掘报告》《洛阳发掘报告》《殷周金文集成》《西周青铜器分期断代研究》等著作。本文回忆了作者与陈公柔先生交往的片断,在缅怀的同时希望表达,由陈先生这样的智者用心血构建起来的知识体系,终将成为人类知识大厦上的砖石,一代学人追求知识和真理的精神将永存我们心中。  相似文献   

19.
    
Studies on retail planning in European Union (EU) Member States tend to be nationally oriented and, at best, compare national retail planning systems. They also appear to be based on an implicit assumption that retail planning should not be designed to fit the Single European Market (SEM). This paper analyses a series of judgments by the European Court of Justice and activities undertaken by the European Commission and concludes that this assumption is misguided and incorrect. The bottom line is that retail planning can interfere with freedom of establishment—one of the fundamental EU freedoms laid down in the Treaty of Rome—by limiting the realization of new shopping outlets and by redirecting retail to preselected locations. Such restrictions may be allowable if the Member State in question is able to demonstrate that they are non-discriminatory, appropriate and proportional on the basis of the interpretations of these fundamental principles in European Law. There is a European Retail Action Plan which aims to organize national retail planning systems in such a way that they are compatible with the principles of the SEM.  相似文献   

20.
陕甘宁边区的离婚法令体现了对婚姻自由、男女平等的追求,但由于落后的社会现实而在实施中遭遇了困境。对此,边区政府在立法、司法、宣传等方面采取了多种补救措施。在离婚问题上,边区还面临着革命需求与个人权利之间的价值冲突,并在实践中对前者有所偏向。考察边区的离婚法令及其实践,可为今日的法制建设提供借鉴。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号