Accidentally killed by a cart: Workplace,hazard, and risk in late seventeenth century London

This article considers some of the interrelated characteristics of work, working environment and hazard, within the setting of the early modern city. Taking London as its example, some of the problems associated with the definition of work, and importantly work‐place, in the pre‐industrial economy are reviewed. Through an analysis of the frequency and patterns of sudden death in accidental and work‐related contexts, the range of hazards to which the inhabitants of London were exposed are described, and an assessment is made of the level of risk attached to certain occupational activities.     

The age of the Cambro-Britons: hyphenated British identities in the seventeenth century

ABSTRACT

In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Welsh writers including the antiquary Humphrey Llwyd, the bard Gruffudd Hiraethog, and the epigrammatist John Owen began referring to themselves as Cambro-Britons. The term was quickly adopted and popularised by English writers, often in ways that show an imperfect grasp of the intentions behind the hyphenated phrase. Whereas the Welsh had hoped that the English and Scots would adopt similar hyphenated identities, English writers tended to interpret “Cambro-Briton” as an intensified and potentially comical expression of Welshness. Though Welsh writers largely ceased to employ the term after the 1620s, the use and misuse of “Cambro-Briton” in English texts continued unabated throughout the century.